Unit 3-2 STUDY THIS FOR TEST 2
An equipotential zone is one that ? . a. is best suited for live-line work b. maintains the voltage across a worker at an acceptably low level c. protects only workers aloft d. provides a work area with no potential difference across it
B
An outdated grounding approach, the ? method requires three ground cables with length enough to reach from the line conductors to ground. a. bracket b. phase-to-common-ground c. phase-to-phase-to-ground d. single-point
B
An understanding of ? circuit voltage drops and current paths is necessary for the proper selection and application of grounding jumpers and equipment. a. chain b. combination c. parallel d. series
B
At the ? current threshold, muscles contract and a hand grip on an energized object cannot be released. a. freeze b. let-go c. perception d. seize
B
If the resistance and voltage values are known, current can be calculated using the Ohm's Law formula ? . a. I = E x R b. I = E ÷ R c. I = E + R d. I = R ÷ E
B
In a combination circuit, the current divides when entering a ? portion of the circuit. a. chain b. parallel c. series d. string
B
OSHA Law requires grounding to have an ampacity greater than or equal to that of ? copper. a. 4 AWG b. 2 AWG c. 1/0 d. 2/0
B
Of the three best-practice protection methods, ? is the one preferred when work is to be performed on deenergized lines. a. bonding b. equipotential zone grounding c. insulation d. isolation
B
Research found that a male worker should be protected against body current to a perception level of ? . a. 0.11 mA b. 1.1 mA c. 11 mA d. 111 mA
B
The amount of body current depends upon both the voltage across the body and the ? . a. body temperature b. resistance of the body c. threshold current d. time in contact
B
An equipotential zone is created by ? . a. installing grounds on the source side of the worksite b. placing a low-resistance shunt in parallel with the worker c. the use of bracket grounding d. using a pole ground for an earth connection
b. placing a low-resistance shunt in parallel with the worker.
A circuit has two parallel branches with resistances of 5 ohms and 15 ohms. The equivalent resistance of the circuit is ? . a. 3.75 Ω b. 5 Ω c. 10.25 Ω d. 20 Ω
A
A labor agreement is a contract in effect for a specified time period and is subject to renewal or change ? . a. at the end of this period of time b. by the Labor Relations Board at any time c. only after a labor strike or management lockout d. only after multiple violations by either side
A
An equipotential zone can work for a Qualified Electrical Worker at the base of the pole if he or she is ? . a. standing on a conductive mat b. using hot-stick tools c. wearing rubber gloves d. wearing rubber insulating boots
A
An example of equipment used for isolation protection is ? . a. barrier fencing b. dielectric overshoes c. line hose d. plastic cover up
A
Because equipotential is a proven grounding method, it is the one required by OSHA, outlined in CFR ? Subpart R. a. 1910.269 b. 1915.72 c. 1926.403 d. 1928.52
A
Circulating currents through induction is a hazard created by use of the ? method. a. bracket grounding b. phase-to-common-ground c. phase-to-phase-to-ground d. phase-to-separate-ground
A
OSHA requires, "Temporary protective grounds shall be placed at such locations and arranged in such a manner as to prevent ? from being exposed to hazardous differences in electrical potential." a. each employee b. foremen and important people c. ground personnel d. workers aloft
A
Of the several types of ineffective grounding methods historically used, ? grounding is the most dangerous method still in use. a. bracket b. each-phase-to-common-ground c. each-phase-to-ground d. phase-to-phase-to-ground
A
Storm damage, line relocation, and vandalism that make worksite grounding impractical remain the primary situations in which ? grounding is still a viable option. a. bracket b. short jumper c. single point d. trip
A
Tests to evaluate the body's reaction to low currents were conducted on volunteers by ? . a. Charles Dalziel b. Thomas Edison c. Michael Faraday d. Nikola Tesla
A
The main reason to establish an equipotential zone at a worksite is to ? . a. bypass the major portion of current around the worker b. comply with local, state, and federal regulations c. deflect lightning strikes d. operate the protective equipment faster
A
The personal jumper consists of one or more ground cables with clamps and a ? . a. cluster bar b. grip-all shotgun stick c. temporary ground rod d. voltage detector
A
The phase-to-phase-to-ground method is an improvement over the phase-to-separate-ground or phase-to-common-ground method because ? . a. reduced resistance between phases speeds fault clearing b. step potential risk is reduced c. the earth is held at 0 volts d. voltage across the worker is reduced
A
The product over sum method is used to find the equivalent resistance of ? resistors in parallel. a. two of any size b. three or more of any size c. any number of and any size d. any number of equally sized
A
When an agreement is arrived at by a third party, the ? is binding on both parties. a. arbitration b. measure c. negotiation d. standard
A
When available, the best earth electrode and the best path for fault current to return to the source is the ? . a. neutral b. overhead shield wire c. pole ground wire d. temporary driven ground rod
A
A circuit has two parallel branches with resistance values of 10 ohms and 15 ohms. The circuit is energized at 60 volts. The current through the 15-ohm branch is ? . a. 2 A b. 4 A c. 6 A d. 10 A
B
A current of 1.1 milliamperes will cause a slight tingling in the hand of an average male worker. This current threshold level is called ? . a. let-go b. perception c. sensation d. shock
B
A current of as little as ? lasting three seconds will result in possible ventricular fibrillation in both men and women. a. 50 mA b. 100 mA c. 0.5 A d. 1.0 A
B
A good agreement must not only be agreeable to both parties, but must also be ? . a. in compliance with the Labor Relations Board b. in the public interest c. ratified by the International Office d. submitted to the Department of Labor for approval
B
A labor agreement is often called a(n) ? . a. binding treaty b. contract c. implied business agreement d. unifying binder
B
A parallel circuit has an equivalent resistance of six ohms. There is a 48-volt source. The total circuit current is ? . a. 6 A b. 8 A c. 12 A d. 15 A
B
A series circuit having four 20-ohm resistors and a current of 1.5 amperes is supplied by a ? source. a. 30 V b. 120 V c. 180 V d. 240 V
B
The outside grounds that are part of a bracket ground, if used with an equipotential ground, are there to ? . a. add to the total current that is drawn off the fault current b. alert the circuit protection devices to the presence of a fault c. direct the majority of the fault to ground d. protect the worksite, regardless of which direction the fault comes from
B
When two parties cannot agree, they may decide to turn the matter over to a third party who will make the decision. This is called ? . a. a final meeting b. arbitration c. contrition d. parley
B
A body current of ? will result in certain death from a 0.03-second shock. a. 500 mA b. 1 A c. 2.75 A d. 5 A
C
A current of 0.016 amperes is equal to ? . a. 0.16 mA b. 1.6 mA c. 16 mA d. 160 mA
C
A series circuit contains three resistors. Their values are R1 = 8 Ω, R2 = 11 Ω, and R3 = 13 Ω. Which of the following statements is true? a. The voltage drop across all resistors is equal. b. The voltage drop across R1 is the greatest. c. The voltage drop across R3 is the greatest. d. The voltage drop across R3 is the least.
C
A series circuit having a 240-volt source and three resistors with values of 8 ohms, 10 ohms, and 12 ohms, will have a(n) ? current flow. a. 0.125 A b. 4 A c. 8 A d. 24 A
C
A short shock with a time duration of 0.03 seconds and a body current of ? can have the same result as a longer shock (3.0 seconds) with a body current of 0.1 amperes. a. 50 mA b. 75 mA c. 1 A d. 3 A
C
An assumed body resistance of ? , while an approximation, allows calculations to be made for worker protection methods. a. 10 Ω b. 100 Ω c. 1,000 Ω d. 10,000 Ω
C
Following the job briefing, it is imperative that the worker remain focused and ? . a. adaptable to a pole partner's better ideas b. be allowed to change the agreed-upon procedures at any time c. follow the agreed-upon work plan d. take risks only when it would be more productive
C
Higher body current levels occur when ? . a. a worker is wearing clothing made from synthetic fabrics b. an electrical arc flash occurs c. the skin is punctured d. two workers form a series circuit
C
Of the historically used grounding methods, the one offering the most rapid fault clearing by the system's overcurrent protection equipment was provided by the ? method. a. each-phase-to-neutral b. phase-to-common-ground c. phase-to-phase-to-ground d. phase-to-separate-ground
C
The equivalent resistance of a parallel circuit is ? the branch with the lowest resistance value. a. equal to b. greater than c. less than d. twice
C
The most difficult person to protect at the job site is the worker ? . a. in an aerial basket b. on a pole c. on the ground d. operating on a machine
C
The most serious current path through the body occurs through ? contact. a. foot to foot b. foot to hand c. hand to hand d. hip to hand
C
The research discussed in the reference material considers a longer shock, in which current flows for a duration of ? . a. 0.03 seconds b. 0.33 seconds c. 3 seconds d. 33 seconds
C
The typical body resistance of a worker is 1,000 ohms. A 50-volt drop across this worker would result in a body current of ? . a. 0.5 mA b. 5 mA c. 50 mA d. 500 mA
C
The use of equipotential grounding will ? . a. eliminate the need for cross-phase jumpers b. ensure fast operation of overcurrent protective equipment c. provide a low-resistance path to shunt fault current around the worker d. require grounding cables with greater ampacity
C
The voltage drop across all resistors is equal in ? circuits. a. chain b. combination c. parallel d. series
C
When management and labor cannot agree on a contract, a(n) ? is brought in to help them arrive at an agreement. a. counselor b. labor-relations official c. neutral person d. OSHA compliance officer
C
When representatives of labor and management sit down to negotiate an agreement, each side is ? to negotiate in good faith. a. mandated b. mandated by the Labor Relations Board c. morally obligated d. ordered by parliamentary procedure
C
A contract is the end result of ? . a. federal regulation compliance b. government intervention c. multiple grievances d. negotiations or collective bargaining
D
A grievance should be used to solve a problem, not to ? . a. get someone fired b. settle a score c. win a promotion d. win an argument
D
A labor agreement results from ? . a. a general strike b. a good faith effort c. government intervention d. negotiations
D
A painful and severe shock, causing difficulty in breathing and muscle contraction, will occur in men with a body current of ? . a. 0.009 A b. 0.015 A c. 0.018 A d. 0.023 A
D
A worker positioned on a pole is protected by a paralleled grounding jumper connected to a cluster bar placed below the feet. The grounding jumper has a resistance of 0.001 ohms and the body resistance of the worker is 1,000 ohms. The resistance of the worker is ? times greater than the jumper resistance. a. 1,000 b. 10,000 c. 100,000 d. 1,000,000
D
An equipotential zone only maintains the voltage difference between a worker's contact point and his or her ? to a minimum value. a. arms b. hands c. head d. feet
D
An equipotential zone protects the worker by ? . a. following lockout/tagout procedures b. installing a cluster bracket and jumper in series with the worker c. placing grounds on both sides of the worksite d. providing a bypass for body current paths
D
Because of its "strikeless" reputation, the electrical construction industry is considered a model of ? relations. a. business b. economic c. human d. labor-management
D
For years, grounding was a controversial subject, and in the future it will continue to be a controversial subject. A primary reason for this is that ? . a. additional equipment is needed when using modern methods b. new methods impede work progress c. old methods provided adequate worker protection d. people resist change
D
None of the historical approaches to grounding provide a ? . a. cross-phase overcurrent protection b. fault current path to the source c. ground electrode d. low-resistance path in parallel with the worker
D
The formula ET = E1 + E2 + ... EN is used to calculate ? . a. parallel circuit source voltage b. series circuit current c. supply voltage in all circuit types d. total series circuit voltage drop
D
The formula is used to calculate ? . a. available fault current b. long shock current c. short shock current d. worker body current
D
To find the equivalent resistance of a parallel circuit with any number of various size resistors, the ? equation is used. a. current divider b. product over sum c. proportional d. reciprocal
D
To return the heart to a rhythmic beat, ? . a. administer chest compressions b. place the patient in rescue position c. treat for shock d. use an AED
D
When contact is made with a line energized at ? or more, the outer skin can be punctured, allowing higher currents to flow through inner-body tissues. a. 120 V b. 240 V c. 480 V d. 1,000 V
D
A connection to earth is always required when using equipotential grounding. Select one: True False
False
An equipotential zone for employee protection cannot be established in a substation because of the size of the ground grid. Select one: True False
False
Bargaining in good faith means arriving at an agreement that is best for the union side only. Select one: True False
False
Having a harmonious work environment can only be brought about by government regulation and oversight. Select one: True False
False
If a low-resistance grounding jumper is connected in parallel with a worker, body current through the worker will be held at zero in the event of accidental energization. Select one: True False
False
In every case, it is safer to ground using an equipotential zone than to perform live-line work on a circuit. Select one: True False
False
In the electrical industry during a contract disagreement, the arbiter, whose decision is binding on both parties, is a single person appointed by the International office of the IBEW. Select one: True False
False
Placing grounds at each side of the worksite will protect the worker if current comes from the left or right. Select one: True False
False
The Bureau of Labor Statistics serves as an arbitrator for the electrical contracting Industry. Select one: True False
False
The term "equipotential" means the exact voltage is maintained between the worker's hands and feet. Select one: True False
False
Voltage flow through the human body causes burning of body tissues. Select one: True False
False
When a Qualified Electrical Worker working aloft is using a personal equipotential ground and there is a pole ground present, more current will pass through his or her body than if there were no pole ground. Select one: True False
False
An equipotential zone can only be used on deenergized lines. Select one: True False
True
Current divides at parallel branches of combination circuits in proportion to the resistance value of the branches. Select one: True False
True
During a contract negotiation, any party who only considers one side of the industry is not negotiating but demanding. Select one: True False
True
Electrical distribution systems are combination circuits. Select one: True False
True
Harmonious working conditions contribute to safety. Select one: True False
True
Historical grounding methods did not include the current path through the worker, as the worker was not considered to be a part of the circuit. Select one: True False
True
In a series circuit with a given current flow, the circuit component with the highest resistance develops the greatest voltage. Select one: True False
True
The five historical grounding methods discussed all place the worker in a parallel fault current path. Select one: True False
True
The human body can withstand a higher current for a shorter time or a lower current for a longer time and avoid heart fibrillation. Select one: True False
True
The human body is not designed to handle even the most minimal of electrical currents. Select one: True False
True
The laws of current flow in a parallel circuit provide the basis for personal protective grounding schemes. Select one: True False
True
The perception and let-go current thresholds differ from men to women. Select one: True False
True
The phase-to-common-ground method used in the past, although ineffective, was an improvement over the phase-to-separate-ground method. Select one: True False
True
The presence of a ground wire on a pole is a potential path to ground through the worker. Select one: True False
True
The speed at which overcurrent protection devices operate must be considered when determining worker protection methods. Select one: True False
True
The type of boots and gloves worn can affect the resistance across worker contact points. Select one: True False
True
To be effective and ensure good labor-management relations, a contract must serve both parties. Select one: True False
True
When a strike occurs, no one profits. Select one: True False
True
When establishing a grounding scheme, a worker aloft does not have to make a connection to earth if the grounding equipment is sized correctly. Select one: True False
True