unit 3 Airports, Air Traffic Control, and Airspace
The correct method of stating 4,500 feet MSL to ATC is
"FOUR THOUSAND FIVE HUNDRED."
The correct method of stating 10,500 feet MSL to ATC is
"ONE ZERO THOUSAND, FIVE HUNDRED."
The numbers 8 and 26 on the approach ends of the runway indicate that the runway is orientated approximately
080° and 260° magnetic.
The numbers 9 and 27 on a runway indicate that the runway is oriented approximately
090° and 270° magnetic.
Outside controlled airspace, the minimum flight visibility requirement for VFR flight above 1,200 feet AGL and below 10,000 feet MSL during daylight hours is
1 mile
What is the minimum weather condition required for airplanes operating under special VFR in Class D airspace?
1 mile flight visibility.
What minimum visibility and clearance from clouds are required for VFR operations in Class G airspace at 700 feet AGL or below during daylight hours?
1 mile visibility and clear of clouds.
During operations outside controlled airspace at altitudes of more than 1,200 feet AGL, but less than 10,000 feet MSL, the minimum flight visibility for day VFR flight is
1 mile.
For VFR flight operations above 10,000 feet MSL and more than 1,200 feet AGL, the minimum horizontal distance from clouds required is
1 mile.
Normal VFR operations in Class D airspace with an operating control tower require the visibility and ceiling to be at least
1,000 feet and 3 miles.
During operations at altitudes of more than 1,200 feet AGL and at or above 10,000 feet MSL, the minimum distance above clouds requirement for VFR flight is
1,000 feet.
During operations within controlled airspace at altitudes of more than 1,200 feet AGL, but less than 10,000 feet MSL, the minimum distance above clouds requirement for VFR flight is
1,000 feet.
The basic VFR weather minimums for operating an aircraft within Class D airspace are
1,000-foot ceiling and 3 miles visibility.
Unless otherwise specified, Federal Airways include that Class E airspace extending upward from
1,200 feet above the surface, up to and including 17,999 feet MSL.
If Air Traffic Control advises that radar service is terminated when the pilot is departing Class C airspace, the transponder should be set to code
1200
Unless otherwise authorized, if flying a transponder equipped aircraft, a pilot should squawk which VFR code?
1200
When operating under VFR below 18,000 feet MSL, unless otherwise authorized, what transponder code should be selected?
1200
Which of the following codes should be set for VFR flight in Class E airspace?
1200, Mode A/3.
While on a VFR cross country and not in contact with ATC, what frequency would you use in the event of an emergency?
121.5 MHz.
During operations within controlled airspace at altitudes of less than 1,200 feet AGL, the minimum horizontal distance from clouds requirement for VFR flight is
2,000 feet.
During operations outside controlled airspace at altitudes of more than 1,200 feet AGL, but less than 10,000 feet MSL, the minimum flight visibility for VFR flight at night is
3 miles.
What is the minimum visibility for a pilot to receive a land and hold short (LAHSO) clearance?
3 statute miles.
When activated, an emergency locator transmitter (ELT) transmits on
406 MHz.
Your VFR flight will be conducted above 10,000 ft. MSL in Class E airspace. What is the minimum flight visibility?
5 SM.
The minimum distance from clouds required for VFR operations on an airway below 10,000 feet MSL is
500 feet below, 1,000 feet above, and 2,000 feet horizontally.
During operations outside controlled airspace at altitudes of more than 1,200 feet AGL, but less than 10,000 feet MSL, the minimum distance below clouds requirement for VFR flight at night is
500 feet.
In the event of unlawful interference or hijacking, which transponder code should you input immediately?
7500
What is the hijack code?
7500
When making routine transponder code changes, pilots should avoid inadvertent selection of which code?
7500
What is the appropriate transponder code in response to lost communications?
7600
When making routine transponder code changes, pilots should avoid inadvertent selection of which code?
7600
What ATC facility should the pilot contact to receive a special VFR departure clearance in Class D airspace?
Air Traffic Control Tower.
If given a landing clearance on runway 16 and told to hold short runway 6, how can a pilot determine the available landing distance?
Ask the controller.
An ATC radar facility issues the following advisory to a pilot during a local flight: "TRAFFIC 2 O'CLOCK, 5 MILES, NORTHBOUND..." Where should the pilot look for this traffic?
Between directly ahead and 90° to the right.
In which type of airspace are VFR flights prohibited?
Class A.
What is the purpose of the runway/runway hold position sign?
Denotes intersecting runways.
Which light signal from the control tower clears a pilot to taxi?
Flashing green.
A lighted heliport may be identified by a
Green, yellow, & white rotating beacon.
From whom should a departing VFR aircraft request radar traffic information during ground operations?
Ground control, on initial contact.
What does the outbound destination sign identify?
Identifies direction to take-off runways.
When flying HAWK N666CB, the proper phraseology for initial contact with McAlester FSS is
MC ALESTER RADIO, HAWK SIX SIX SIX CHARLIE BRAVO, RECEIVING ARDMORE VORTAC, OVER."
At an altitude below 18,000 feet MSL, which transponder code should be selected?
Mode A/3, Code 1200.
An ATC radar facility issues the following advisory to a pilot flying on a heading of 360°: "TRAFFIC 10 O'CLOCK, 2 MILES, SOUTHBOUND..." Where should the pilot look for this traffic?
Northwest.
If the aircraft's radio fails, what is the recommended procedure when landing at a controlled airport?
Observe the traffic flow, enter the pattern, and look for a light signal from the tower.
How does the wake turbulence vortex circulate around each wingtip?
Outward, upward, and around each tip.
Unless otherwise authorized, which situation requires Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B)?
Overflying Class C airspace below 10,000 feet MSL.
Who has final authority to accept or decline any land and hold short (LAHSO) clearance?
Pilot in command.
What minimum pilot certification is required for operation within Class B airspace?
Private Pilot Certificate or Student Pilot Certificate with appropriate logbook endorsements.
Select the proper traffic pattern and runway for landing.
Right-hand traffic and Runway 18.
Which approach and landing objective is assured when the pilot remains on the proper glidepath of the VASI?
Safe obstruction clearance in the approach area.
An ATC radar facility issues the following advisory to a pilot flying on a heading of 090°: "TRAFFIC 3 O'CLOCK, 2 MILES, WESTBOUND..." Where should the pilot look for this traffic?
South.
Where is the "Available Landing Distance" (ALD) data published for an airport that utilizes Land and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO)?
Special Notices section of the Chart Supplement.
Who should not participate in the Land and Hold Short Operations (LAHSO) program?
Student pilots.
What should you expect when you are told that LAHSO operations are in effect at your destination airport?
That ATC will give you a clearance to land and hold short of a specified point on the runway.
When a control tower located on an airport within Class D airspace ceases operation for the day, what happens to the airspace designation?
The airspace reverts to Class E or a combination of Class E and G airspace during the hours the tower is not in operation.
During a night flight, you observe steady red and green lights ahead and at the same altitude. What is the general direction of movement of the other aircraft?
The other aircraft is approaching head-on.
What are the minimum requirements for airplane operations under special VFR in Class D airspace at night?
The pilot must be instrument rated, and the airplane must be IFR equipped.
What minimum radio equipment is required for VFR operation within Class B airspace?
Two-way radio communications equipment, a 4096-code transponder, an encoding altimeter, and ADS-B Out equipment.
What minimum radio equipment is required for operation within Class C airspace?
Two-way radio communications equipment, a 4096-code transponder, an encoding altimeter, and ADS-B Out equipment.
An ATC radar facility issues the following advisory to a pilot flying north in a calm wind: "TRAFFIC 9 O'CLOCK, 2 MILES, SOUTHBOUND..." Where should the pilot look for this traffic?
West.
After landing at a tower-controlled airport, when should the pilot contact ground control?
When advised by the tower to do so.
When should pilots decline a land and hold short (LAHSO) clearance?
When it will compromise safety.
Unless otherwise authorized, which airspace requires the appropriate Automatic Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast (ADS-B) Out equipment installed?
Within Class G airspace 25 nautical miles from a Class B airport.
Can aircraft without ADS-B Out equipment overfly Class C airspace?
Yes, but only in exceptional circumstances because flight over Class C airspace is not permitted without appropriate ADS-B equipment.
You would like to enter Class B airspace and contact the approach controller. The controller responds to your initial radio call with "N125HF standby." May you enter the Class B airspace?
You must remain outside Class B airspace until controller gives you a specific clearance.
When departing behind a heavy aircraft, the pilot should avoid wake turbulence by maneuvering the aircraft
above and upwind from the heavy aircraft.
When landing behind a large aircraft, the pilot should avoid wake turbulence by staying
above the large aircraft's final approach path and landing beyond the large aircraft's touchdown point
No person may operate an airplane within Class D airspace at night under special VFR unless the
airplane is equipped for instrument flight.
All operations within Class C airspace must be in
an aircraft equipped with a transponder with automatic altitude reporting capability.
The transponder should be cycled to 7700 in the event of
an emergency.
A special VFR clearance authorizes the pilot of an aircraft to operate VFR while within Class D airspace when the visibility is
at least 1 mile and the aircraft can remain clear of clouds.
Airport taxiway edge lights are identified at night by
blue omnidirectional lights.
The arrows that appear on the end of the north/south runway indicate that the area
cannot be used for landing, but may be used for taxiing and takeoff.
Any airspace that requires the use of a transponder also requires aircraft to be
equipped with specific ADS-B Out equipment.
While on final approach for landing, an alternating green and red light followed by a flashing red light is received from the control tower. Under these circumstances, the pilot should
exercise extreme caution and abandon the approach, realizing the airport is unsafe for landing.
An alternating red and green light signal directed from the control tower to an aircraft in flight is a signal to
exercise extreme caution.
To set the high intensity runway lights on medium intensity, the pilot should click the microphone seven times, and then click it
five times within 5 seconds.
ATC advises, "traffic 12 o'clock." This advisory is relative to your
ground track.
No person may take off or land an aircraft under basic VFR at an airport that lies within Class D airspace unless the
ground visibility at that airport is at least 3 miles.
The greatest vortex strength occurs when the generating aircraft is
heavy, clean, and slow.
The Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM) specifically encourages pilots to turn on their landing lights when operating below 10,000 feet, day or night, and especially when operating
in conditions of reduced visibility.
A steady green light signal directed from the control tower to an aircraft in flight is a signal that the pilot
is cleared to land.
Each pilot of an aircraft approaching to land on a runway served by a visual approach slope indicator (VASI) shall
maintain an altitude at or above the glide slope.
A below glide slope indication from a pulsating approach slope indicator is a
pulsating red light.
Unless otherwise authorized, two-way radio communications with Air Traffic Control are required for landings or takeoffs at all towered airports
regardless of weather conditions.
A flashing white light signal from the control tower to a taxiing aircraft is an indication to
return to the starting point on the airport.
Basic radar service in the terminal radar program is best described as
safety alerts, traffic advisories, and limited vectoring to VFR aircraft.
TRSA Service in the terminal radar program provides
sequencing and separation for participating VFR aircraft.
When taking off or landing at an airport where heavy aircraft are operating, one should be particularly alert to the hazards of wingtip vortices because this turbulence tends to
sink into the flightpath of aircraft operating below the aircraft generating the turbulence.
If the control tower uses a light signal to direct a pilot to give way to other aircraft and continue circling, the light will be
steady red.
An airport's rotating beacon operated during daylight hours indicates
that weather at the airport located in Class D airspace is below basic VFR weather minimums.
Absence of the sky condition and visibility on an ATIS broadcast indicates that
the ceiling is at least 5,000 feet and visibility is 5 miles or more.
The recommended entry position to an airport traffic pattern is
to enter 45° at the midpoint of the downwind leg at traffic pattern altitude.
If instructed by ground control to taxi to Runway 9, the pilot may proceed
to the next intersecting runway where further clearance is required.
Prior to starting each maneuver, pilots should
visually scan the entire area for collision avoidance.
Airspace at an airport with a part-time control tower is classified as Class D airspace only
when the associated control tower is in operation.
