Unit 3 APUSH

movements led by dreamers and activists who saw social injustice and wanted to correct it

Reform Impulse

July, 1848 - Site of the first modern women's right convention. At the gathering, Elizabeth Cady Staton read a Declaration of Sentiment listing the many discriminations against women, and adopted eleven resolutions, one of which called for women's suffrage.

Senneca Falls Convention

A nonviolent, public refusal to obey allegedly unjust laws.

Civil Disobedience

the ideal woman was seen as a tender, self-sacrificing caregiver who provided a nest for her children and a peaceful refuge for her husband, social customs that restricted women to caring for the house

Cult of Domesticity

declared that all "people are created equal"; used the Declaration of Independence to argue for women's rights

Declaration of Sentiments

Transformed transportation and economic life across the Great Lakes region from Buffalo to Chicago

Erie Canal

Education reformer who wanted public schools for all children

Horce Mann

The new industrializing society of the northern regions of the U.S. produced great changes in the nature and function of the family. The main reason for the transformation was the movement of families from farms to urban areas where jobs were the most valued. Women were usually working in factories' fathers from their fathers you controlled their lives. They had more freedom to make their own decisions and were separated from the system that had originally controlled them.

How did America's Industrial Revolution and the factory system change family life and women's social and economic roles?

Slavery made the south more agricultural than the north.The South was a major force in international trade. The North was more industrial than the South, so therefore the South grew but did not develop at the same rate of the north.

How did slavery shape the southern economy and society, and how did it make the South different from the North?

Some slaves participated in shipboard revolts, where they would take over the ship transporting them. Many slaves gathered other slaves to begin riots, but most riots were leaked before they happened . Some slaves murdered their masters, or just stop to working. All the rebels were murdered for no obeying their master.

How did slaves resist their enslavement? How successful were their efforts? What was the response of whites?

Political party of the 1850s that was anti-Catholic and anti-immigrant

Know-Nothing Party

An enslaved preacher who was called from God to put an end in the slavery system in America. Who led a violent rebellion then was later hanged

Nat Turner

An organized campaign to eliminate alcohol consumption

Temperance Movement

African American devolped their own culture that gave them a sense of racial pride and unity. They developed their own type of language mixing African American speech patterns with english. Field workers also sang their songs infront of the whites to express their faith and expressed hope for freedom

Through what means did slaves maintain a distinct African American culture?

a novel published by harriet beecher stowe in 1852 which portrayed slavery as brutal and immoral

Uncle Tom's Cabin

a system of secret routes used by escaping slaves to reach freedom in the North or in Canada

Underground Railroad

Many abolitionists talked about how inhumane and cruel slavery was. They often highlighted the idea of their side. Abolitionists of that time were anti slavery, that's why many slave owners opposed them.

What arguments and strategies did the abolitionists use in their struggle to end slavery? Who opposed them and why?

Romanticism is describing something in a way that creates desire for it. There was a trend for most art and literature in that time period to have this in some way. They depicted nature scenes which helped inspire westward migration.

What is "romanticism" and how was it expressed in American literature and art?

White southerners liked to compare their planter class to the old noblemen of England and Europe. In reality, many of the great landowners were still first-generation settlers. The world of the planter was not nearly as much free and polished as the aristocratic myth would suggest. The rich white people sustained their image by adopting codes of chivialry. Usually would protect their "honor" by duels.

What was the myth and what was the reality of white society in the South? Why was the myth so pervasive and widely believed?

They played roles in important movements such as temperance and the abolition of slavery. They expressed their awareness of the problems that women themselves faced in a male-dominated society. They created Seneca Falls Convention to discuss women's rights. Their biggest request was for them to be able to vote and I think it worked in the end.

What were the aims of the women's movement of the nineteenth century? How successful were women in achieving these goals?

There were many factors that sparked the U.S economic revolution. One was the population increase. There was growth in immigration to urban areas and improvement in transportation. There was also communication and technological advancements like steamboats, telegraphs, and railroads.

What were the factors sparking the U.S. economic revolution of the mid-nineteenth century?

The majority of people working for change focused on two things. They wanted to focus on slavery and women's rights. They succeed in their efforts to bring change to the nation.

What were the issues on which social and moral reformers tried to "remake the nation"? How successful were their efforts?

They introduced stronger restrictions on immigrants, such as immigration laws. They also created stricter consequences for committing crimes. This is still relevant today.

What were the political responses to immigration in mid-nineteenth-century America? Do you see any parallels to responses to immigration today?

The industrial revolution resulted in the north becoming more centered on the industrialization. While the south put more focus on farming and slavery. The north had more transportation and the division between the north and the south increased due to the telegraph and associated press.

Why did America's Industrial Revolution affect the northern economy and society differently than it did the southern economy and society?

Cotton became the king crop because it was the most stable plant to grow. Cotton could grow in many different climates and in different soils, and with the invention of the cartoon gin it made cotton able to grow faster. The growth of the fabric industry in Britain and New England created a new demand for the crop.

Why did cotton become the leading crop of the South?

Since there was a boom in agriculture other froms of gaining money developed slowly.What industry the South did develop was largely to serve the needs of the plantation. They saw that they were gaining so much money from plantations alone they could care less about other ways.

Why did industry fail to develop in the South to the extent that it did in the North?

The crusade against slavery became the main of isusse of change. At this time, slaverly had been a big part of the culture and way of life for many people. Reformers questioned this because it was a successful flawless operation and people got upset because they wanted to be left alone. Most slave owners relied on their slave so much and reformers saw that this was a big problem so that's why there was a bigger push on slavery.

Why did the crusade against slavery become the preeminent issue of the reform movement?

Railroads played no more than a secondary role in the nation's transportation system, but railroad pioneers laid the groundwork in those years for the great wave of railroad building in the mid-century. Eventually, railroads became the primary transportation system for the U.S. Railroads were faster and could cover more land than canals. It was easier to create a direct route overland to transport supplies to the West.

Why did the rail system supplant the canal system as the nation's major transportation network?