Unit 3- APUSH

Which concept promoted by the Second Great Awakening reinforced its push for societal reform?

Free moral agency

In the first half of the nineteenth century, American manufacturers' main advantage over the British mills was that they had access to which of the following?

More natural resources

By the 1830s, most laborers in the urban Northeast lived in which type of residences?

Crowded boardinghouses and tiny apartments

Which of the following replaced canals as the primary form of transportation in the United States in the nineteenth century?

Railroads

Which of the following spurred the Panic of 1819 in the United States?

Reckless practices pursued by shady state-chartered banks

Which of the following factors explained the rapid growth of western cities such as Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, and New Orleans?

Their role in transportation networks

Why did a group of prominent citizens found the American Colonization Society in 1817?

They aimed to encourage Southern planters to emancipate their slaves for resettlement in Africa.

The Second Great Awakening deeply influenced American culture and society by

promoting the ideas of human reason and free will.

The Missouri Compromise prohibited slavery in which of the following regions of the Louisiana Purchase?

All the lands north of latitude 36°30¢ except for the state of Missouri

Which of the following was an outcome of the American Industrial Revolution in the early nineteenth century?

American businesses soon dominated in many European markets.

The Panic of 1819 caused which of the following outcomes?

American cotton and wheat prices plummeted over 50 percent.

Which American principle played a critical role in advancing technology in the early days of the American Industrial Revolution?

American ingenuity

Which of the following describes the relationship between social status and wealth in seventeenth- and eighteenth-century American history?

Americans respected those who raised their status through talent and hard work.

About how many African Americans were still living in slavery in the northern states in 1810?

Approximately 30,000

The construction of the Erie Canal, the first great engineering project in American history, was successful for which of the following reasons?

It increased the speed of shipping and travel while greatly lowering its cost.

Which of the following objections to the system of state-sponsored mercantilism emerged in the United States by 1820?

It violated the equal rights of citizens and lessened the power of government.

Which of the following took place after the Bank of the United States' charter expired in 1811?

It was not renewed, but a Second Bank of the United States was chartered five years later.

The most critical contribution American mechanics made to the Industrial Revolution was the development of which of the following?

Machine tools

Which of the following statements describes workers' approach to alcohol consumption in the 1820s?

Many workers used alcohol as an escape from the routine of work but also drank in their workplaces.

Which of the following characterizes the impact of companionate marriage on divorce in the early nineteenth century?

Most divorce petitions in the early nineteenth century cited emotional complaints.

Which of the following characterizes patterns of immigration into the United States during the 1840s and 1850s?

Most of the Irish who arrived in the United States were poverty-stricken peasants.

Through which of the following movements did evangelical reformers succeed in effecting substantial legal and cultural transformations in early nineteenth-century America?

Temperance

Which of the following was linked to the changes described in the excerpt?

The spread of the republican motherhood idea

Which of these inventions spurred the growth of agriculture in the Midwest in the 1840s?

The steel plow

Which of the following was the message of Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, published in full in 1818?

The suggestion that an industrious man could become wealthy

In which of the following ways did evangelical religions in the South evolve during the first decades of the nineteenth century?

They began by preaching spiritual equality but gradually adopted a message that justified white patriarchal authority.

Which of the following was one of the ways that wageworkers strove to resist their bosses' efforts to control their nonwork lives in the early to mid-nineteenth century?

They built a robust workers' culture that preserved their autonomy outside work.

Which of the following statements characterizes the emergence of the textile industry in the United States?

Using British textile machinery as their model, American textile producers built their own textile mills in New England and ultimately improved on British technology.

In the 1824 U.S. Supreme Court case Gibbons v. Ogden, the Marshall Court's decision

overturned New York law that granted a monopoly on steamboat travel into New York City.

The concept that the price of a product should reflect the work required to make it is known as

the labor theory of value.

American ministers such as Thomas Bernard argued in the early nineteenth century that women should exercise their power in society through

their influence on the male citizens of the coming generations.

For which of the following reasons did New York's state government fund the building of the Erie Canal in 1817?

New Yorkers sought to link the Hudson River with the Great Lakes.

Which of the following Puritan ideas became a middle-class conviction with a secular twist during industrialization in the early 1800s?

The Protestant work ethic

Which inventor is properly matched with the item he invented?

John Deere-the steel plow

Which of the following describes the publication Letters from an American Farmer?

A book written by a French essayist in 1782 that praised American egalitarianism and condemned European aristocracy

In the early 1800s, British textile manufacturers had which of the following advantages over their American competitors?

A large pool of cheap labor

What was the Second Great Awakening that took place in the United States in the nineteenth century?

A long-lasting religious revival that made the United States a genuinely religious society

How did the spread of industrialization in the United States during the 1820s and 1830s affect skilled artisans?

As machines changed the nature of their work, shoemakers, hatters, printers, furniture makers, and weavers faced declining income, job insecurity, and loss of status.

To which of the following causes did Isabella Graham and Joanna Bethune contribute in the early nineteenth century?

Assisting widows and orphans

In which of the following lists is the emergence of American financial institutions placed in the correct chronological order?

Bank of North America, Second Bank of the United States, land banks

Which were the two fastest-growing American church denominations during the early nineteenth century?

Baptists and Methodists

Which of the following describes the state of Southern society in the early nineteenth century?

Because hard work was associated with slaves, white men resented doing physical labor.

Which of the following statements describes the extent to which parents exercised control over their children's marriages in the United States in 1800?

Because landholdings shrank, parents lost leverage over their children's choices of marital partners.

Which of these factors was the critical stimulus for the growth of domestic American markets in the first half of the nineteenth century?

Better transportation networks

How did middle-class reformers attempt to overcome disorder and lawlessness among urban wage earners in early nineteenth-century America?

By forming regional and national organizations to institutionalize charity and combat crime systematically

How did evangelical Christians spread religious revival during the Second Great Awakening?

By holding large camp meetings

How did the federal government aid the growth of American industry in the first half of the nineteenth century?

By passing protective tariffs

Between 1820 and 1840, the economic conditions for casual day laborers in American cities changed in which of the following ways?

Casual day laborers bore the brunt of unemployment during business depressions.

What killed thousands of poor immigrants in St. Louis and New York City in the summer of 1849?

Cholera

Which of these did elite Americans embrace after the Industrial Revolution in order to set themselves apart from other groups of Americans?

Conspicuous displays of their wealth through clothing and housing

Which of the following was a result of the Second Great Awakening?

Different denominations cooperated with one another.

Why did a national market emerge in the United States between the 1780s and about 1820?

Entrepreneurs mobilized the large rural workforce to manufacture and distribute goods throughout the United States.

In which of the following ways did the growth of rural manufacturing affect New Englanders in the early eighteenth century?

Farm families became more dependent on market forces beyond their control.

Which of the following factors contributed to the sharp decline in the American birthrate from 1790 to 1820?

Fathers' desire for fewer children in order to ensure the adequacy of their inheritances

The growth of the textile industry in New England in the early nineteenth century negatively affected which of the following occupations?

Fishing

John Jacob Astor, a prominent New York merchant of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, made his fortune in which trade?

Fur

Which of the following developments ended the debate over emancipation in the South in the early nineteenth century?

Gabriel Prosser's slave uprising

Which of the following describes German immigrants who settled in the United States during the 1840s and 1850s?

Germans were the second largest immigrant group and many settled in the midwestern states.

African Americans who converted to Christianity during the Second Great Awakening embraced which of the following teachings?

God as the liberator of the Jews

How did Thomas Jefferson respond to the development of American manufacturing by the 1820s?

He praised industrialization and expressed pride in American progress in manufacturing.

Which of these statesmen played a critical role in creating and passing the 1820 Missouri Compromise?

Henry Clay

Emma Willard was the first American to advocate for which of the following reforms?

Higher education for women

The spread of the cultural attitude known as sentimentalism in early nineteenth-century America had which of the following social and cultural consequences?

Increased emphasis on the importance of love in marriage

Who replaced the Lowell Mill workers when they refused in the 1830s to work until conditions improved?

Irish immigrants

Which of the following describes the new industrial system that developed in early nineteenth-century America?

It brought workers together under one roof in a factory.

Through which of the following sources did the U.S. Treasury raise most of its revenue during the first half of the 1800s?

Tariffs on imported goods

Which of the following statements describes the American Waltham plan, which was later known as the Lowell system?

Its creators recruited farm girls and women to work in factories.

The South's political clout, which ensured that the national government would continue to protect slavery, rested on which of the following?

Its domination of the presidency and Senate

The excerpt best reflects which of the following elements of American society in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries?

Republicanism

Which of the following characterizes the impact of republican ideology on child rearing in America in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries?

Most parents began to treat their more children permissively and respectfully.

Which of the following statements characterizes the relationship between church and state in postrevolutionary America?

Most states continued to support churches indirectly by not taxing their property or ministers' incomes.

Which of the following describes the political developments taking place in America during the first two decades of the nineteenth century?

Ordinary white men's rising political status was accompanied by a decline in the political rights of women and free blacks.

In the early republic, Benjamin Rush and other leaders argued that women should be educated so they could do which of the following?

Oversee the instruction of their sons in the principles of liberty and government

The increasing importance of women in the Protestant denominations in New England during the Second Great Awakening led to which of the following outcomes?

Premarital sex among churchgoing youth decreased significantly.

Noah Webster influenced American society in the late eighteenth century through which of the following means?

Publishing dictionaries and spelling books to make American spelling and grammar more uniform

Who was the English immigrant who secretly brought the design of the most advanced British machinery for spinning cotton to America in 1789?

Samuel Slater

Which of the following was an outcome of the division of labor in early American shoe factories?

Shoe production increased

On what basis did the U.S. government base its claim that the commonwealth system was consistent with republican ideology?

State support for private businesses contributed to the overall public good.

By the 1830s, coal and metal manufacturers increasingly used which of the following to run machinery?

Steam engines

The transformation that occurred as American factories and farms turned out more goods, and merchants and legislators created faster and cheaper ways to get those products to consumers, was known as which of the following?

The Market Revolution

Which of the following statements characterizes the operations of the Bank of the United States in the twenty years after its 1791 chartering?

The bank had branches in eight major cities to respond to demands for commercial credit, and its profits averaged 8 percent annually.

How did the appearance of canals and steamboats in the United States affect the flow of goods and information during the 1830s?

The canals and steamboats cut in half most travel and communication time.

The construction of the Erie Canal had which of the following negative consequences?

The construction of the canal and its heavy use altered the ecology of the entire region.

The development described in the excerpt is most strongly connected to which of the following?

The controversy over women's political rights

Around the 1830s, what new form of manufacturing emerged in America?

The fabrication of metal products

The proposed 1819 Tallmadge Amendment articulated which of the following plans?

The gradual emancipation of slaves in Missouri

Charles Grandison Finney found success as a young revivalist preacher in the 1820s by emphasizing which of the following issues in his sermons?

The importance of personal conversion

Which of the following describes the textile industry that was emerging in New England and the Middle Atlantic states in the 1780s?

The industry relied on an outwork system that combined mills and household labor.

Why did the emancipation of slaves proceed very slowly in the northern states during and after the Revolution?

The northern states gave priority to slaveholders' property rights so that emancipation often was spaced out over several slave generations.

Which of these describes the experiences of the young women who worked in the New England textile mills in the 1820s and 1830s?

They were able to save their wages for later use or to help out their families.

Society's notion of women as republican wives and mothers was based on which of the following ideas about women?

They were uniquely qualified to educate and nurture the spirit.

Which of the following describes the Missouri Compromise, enacted in 1820?

This piece of legislation set a precedent for future states' admission to the Union.

Which slaves became free as a result of the Virginia legislature's passage of a manumission act in 1782?

Those whose masters chose to free them

Why did Congress approve funds for the construction of the National Road in 1806?

To link midwestern settlers to the seaboard states

Which of the following statements describes transportation in the trans-Appalachian West in the early nineteenth century?

Water transport was the quickest and cheapest way to get goods to market.

In the early 1800s, which group would have endorsed Thomas Jefferson's and Benjamin Rush's proposals for comprehensive public education?

Wealthy New England merchants

How did yeomen and tenant farmers who were influenced by the Second Great Awakening in the nineteenth century treat their children?

With strict rules and harsh discipline

Which of the following was an outcome of the rural outwork system of manufacturing in the 1820s and 1830s?

Workers' wages decreased.

What was the net effect of republican marriage patterns on the institution of marriage in early nineteenth-century America?

Young wives could no longer rely on their parents for emotional or financial support and became more dependent on their husbands.

In theory, companionate marriage gave wives equality of rank and fortune but did not solve the issue of

domestic tyranny.