Unit 3 Biology Test Questions

What is nondisjunction?

The uneven division of chromosomes, gamete cells end up with one more and one less chromosome, leads to Trisomy 21 (down syndrome)

In plant cells, what forms midway between the divided nuclei during cytokinesis?

cell plate (plant)

If a cell has 32 chromosomes during prophase I of meiosis, how many chromosomes will result in a gamete cell after meiosis?

16 (32/2 because there are 2 gamete cells)

How many PAIRED chromosomes does a human somatic cell contain?

23

What axis are the dependent and independent variables on?

Dependent is on the y-axis. Independent is on the x-axis.

Fraternal twins vs. Identical twins

Fraternal - boy and girl, or same sex - don't look exactly alike Identical - same sex - look exactly alike

Where is a cleavage furrow found?

In an animal cell.

Shapes of things:

In bacterial and virus cells, DNA is in the shape of a plasmid (circle). Plant cells look like animal cells, but they have cell walls around them, which give them structural support. Animal cells have no cell wall, and their DNA looks normal.

Mitosis (the process by which the nucleus of a cell divides into 2 nuclei) is essential to life because it allows for the formation of new cells. Which of the following statements correctly describes the process of mitosis?

Mitosis results in the formation of two cells that are genetically identical to the parent cell.

Which of the following correctly explains the difference between mitosis and meiosis?

Mitosis undergoes cell division only once, while meiosis undergoes cell division twice.

What type of cell division is undergone immediately prior to fertilization?

meiosis