Unit 3 - Key Issue 4 Reading Guide

Identify the three groups the US immigration laws give preference to.

- Family reunification - Skilled workers - Diversity

U.N. immigration and emigration classification of countries:

- Maintain the current level of immigration - Increase the level - Reduce the level - No policy

Where are many of the countries that want to raise emigration?

21 countries

How many countries have no emigration policy?

25 countries

How long is the U.S.-Mexico border? Describe the area along the border.

3,141 kilometers, the border is very narrow and squiggly.

Where are many of the countries that want to decrease emigration?

32 countries

How does the preference for skilled workers contribute to brain drain?

A brain drain is a large-scale map that shows emigration by talented people (aka the skilled workers).

What are (were) guest workers?

A guest worker is an immigrant have came from a poorer country.

What is the difference between a passport and a visa?

A passport allows you to legally emigrate from a country, while a visa allows you to immigrate to a new country.

Explain Americans' positions on the following immigration-related issues. Then, for each, identify your stance. Border patrols Workplace Civil rights Local initiatives

Border patrols - Americans want stronger and more effective border patrols instead of letting in more unauthorized immigrants. I agree with this statement because if you're going to spend money, put it to good use. A stronger border patrol allows the country to be more secure and by letting in more immigrants you are spending more money because you have to sustain more people. Workplace - Most Americans want to set up a system where unauthorized immigrants can become US citizens. I don't know where I stand here because I agree how it can prevent less raids and the immigrants will be treated more equally, but then again they would take up more resources. Civil rights - Allows enforcement officials to check people's legal status to limit as many unauthorized immigrants into the country illegally. I agree to this statement because in a way it could be taken as an invasion into people's privacy but it's an attempt to limit as many illegal immigrants into the country and I think that would benefit everyone. Local initiatives - Some Americans think law enforcement on unauthorized immigrants should be dealt with by the government, while others favor the law enforcement on immigrants. I not sure what side I pick for this statement because I can see both sides. I understand why people wouldn't want to be involved in the immigrant law enforcement but it's also important to include it.

Explain how brain drain contributes to chain migration.

Brain drain contributes to the chain migration because Asia, for instance, people tend to follow the "chain" and create patterns because of family members or relatives that have previously travelled to a certain place.

Describe Europe's migration patterns in terms of numbers, percentages, employment, where they are coming from, and where they are going to)

Europe's migration flow tends to spread from east to west.

What did the Quota Act (1921) and the National Origins Act (1924) do?

It let in 12 million immigrants into the US and they travelled by a ferry boat and it transported all the immigrants towards New York.

How does migration in Western and Eastern Europe differ?

It looks like Eastern Europe is loosing a lot of immigrants, and the western regions are gaining more immigrants.

What are sanctuary cities?

Laws that support the rights to unauthorized immigrants.

How has immigration to Europe changed in just the last few years from previous years?

More and more immigrants are coming into Europe and this can potentially affect their economy.

How did the Immigration Act of 1965 change the quota laws?

Some quotas were changed and replaced in certain countries.

The U.S. has a selective immigration policy, typically allowing immigration for what 2 purposes?

Specific employment placement and family reunification.

Define quota:

The maximum limits on the number of people who could migrate into the US (one-year period)

How has the numbers of unauthorized immigrants fluctuated during the first years of the 21st century?

The number of unauthorized immigrants is still increases and decreases during the 21st century.

How does the percent of immigrants in Europe compare with that of other regions?

The percentages are a little lower in Europe compared to the other countries. 4 percent of immigrants have travelled from a European country.

How have some European countries reacted to these changes?

They have to adjust in order to sustain the amount of immigrants entering into the country.

The following terms refer to the same group of people, unauthorized immigrants. Identify and describe each term:

Unauthorized immigrant: this term mainly refers to the migrant included in the Pew Hispanic Center Undocumented immigrant: the groups of people who tend to stand up for certain indivduals Illegal alien: individuals who don't agree to the restrictions or immigration enforcement laws

How did such programs help poorer countries?

Wealthier countries like Germany are contributing to the guest worker programs because they give immigrant the opportunity to travel for better job opportunities.

How was immigration law further changed in: a. 1978? b. 1990?

a. 1978? A maximum of 20,000 people per country was established and a 290,000 global quota b. 1990? The global quota was increased to 700,000.

Describe each of the five (5) characteristics of unauthorized immigrants in the United States: distribution: source country: children: years in the United States: labor force:

distribution: California and Texas contain the largest numbers of unauthorized immigrants (1 million and above). However, Nevada is close behind and falls into the 100,000 - 999,999 region. These areas probably contain the most unauthorized immigrants because they are located near the border and it's easier for them to travel. source country: More than half of the unauthorized immigrants come from Mexico but the rest are dispersed into other countries like Latin America. This explains why so many immigrants decide to travel to the US because it is close to Mexico. children: Some unauthorized immigrants decide to become citizens as they enter into the US. About 11.3 million unauthorized immigrants are located in the US and 1 million of them are children. Nearly, 4.5 million babies are born and they immediately become citizens if their parents are. years in the United States: Through the years, the percentage of unauthorized immigrants travelling into the US has decreased. labor force: One of the main reasons why immigrants migrate into different countries is because of the job opportunities. About 8 million unauthorized immigrants are employed in the US and 5 percent are involved in a civilian labor force.

Today, most obstacles migrants face are not major but are ______.

political