Unit 3 Lecture 7 Quiz

Why is the overall process of natural selection non-random? Answers: Because without it organisms could not be perfectly adapted to their environment Because the location and frequency of mutations in the genome are non-random Because the organisms that survive and reproduce are a non-random subset of a population Because the environment often causes mutations that tend to be helpful to the survival of some individuals

Because the organisms that survive and reproduce are a non-random subset of a population

A typical natural population of groupers (a fish) consists of hundreds of groupers. Which statement best describes the groupers of a single species in an isolated population? Answers: A. The groupers share all of the same characteristics and are identical to each other. B. The groupers share all of the essential characteristics of the species; the minor variations they display don't affect survival. C. The groupers are all identical on the inside, but have many differences in appearance. D. The groupers share many essential characteristics, but also vary in many features.

D. The groupers share many essential characteristics, but also vary in many features.

Traits evolve because they are needed for an individual to survive. Answers: True False

False

Traits that are not used by an organism are less likely to be inherited. Answers: True False

False

Which of the following is most correctly stated in scientific terms of evolutionary biologists? Answers: Milkweeds evolved toxin-production because ancestors producing toxins tended to survive better than those that did not produce toxins Milkweeds evolved toxin-production because before they evolved toxins other species were surviving better than they were Milkweeds evolved the productions of toxins because they needed to resist being eaten by insects so that they could survive longer Milkweeds produce toxic chemical compounds so that they can live longer and produce more seeds so that the population size will increase Milkweeds produce toxic chemical compounds so that insects in their environment won't eat them and will attack other plants instead

Milkweeds evolved toxin-production because ancestors producing toxins tended to survive better than those that did not produce toxins

In what way can natural selection produce new traits? Answers: As an environment changes, organisms are forced to adapt their bodies and physiologies Organisms attempt to increase their fitness in any way possible, leading to the development of new and better traits Natural selection increases genetic diversity in a population, leading to new traits Natural selection cannot, by itself, produce new traits

Natural selection cannot, by itself, produce new traits

Which of the following statements is TRUE? Answers: Natural selection is considered a theory because it explains patterns of biological change. Natural selection is the same as evolution. Natural selection increases the likelihood of beneficial mutations arising in a population. Natural selection is the only cause of evolutionary change.

Natural selection is considered a theory because it explains patterns of biological change.

Which of the following statements is TRUE? Answers: Natural selection is non-random, mutations are random. Natural selection is random, and mutations are random. Natural selection is non-random, and mutations are non-random Natural selection is random, mutations are non-random.

Natural selection is non-random, mutations are rand

Which of the following statements are TRUE? SELECT ALL. Answers: Natural selection is considered a theory because it describes patterns of biological change. Natural selection is the only cause of evolutionary change. Natural selection is one of several causes of evolutionary change. Natural selection is the same as evolution

Natural selection is one of several causes of evolutionary change.

Which of the following phrases best describes the process of evolution? Answers: The genetic change of populations through time The change of simple to complex organisms The development of characteristics in response to need The development of man from monkey-like ancestors The change of populations solely in response to natural selection

The genetic change of populations through time

Which of the following statements is FALSE? Answers: Traits can be lost and gained by the same evolutionary processes. The fitness of a trait is dependent on the environment in which it occurs. Traits that are beneficial and harmful can both be passed on to offspring. The use or disuse of a trait explains why it evolved or was lost.

The use or disuse of a trait explains why it evolved or was lost.

Natural selection is non-random, and mutations are random. Answers: True False

True

Natural selection is one of a few ways that evolution can occur. Answers: True False

True

New traits first appear in one or very few individuals at a time. Answers: True False

True

Only heritable traits can evolve. Answers: True False

True

Populations evolve and adapt, but individuals don't. Answers: True False

True