Unit 3 Participation in Government

The separation of church and state derives from the establishment clause in the a) First Amendment. b) Third Amendment. c) Fourth Amendment. d) Tenth Amendment.

a) First Amendment.

The Fourteenth Amendment did which of the following? a) It guaranteed equal protection under the law b) It forbade states to deny someone the right to life, liberty or property under any circumstances c) It prohibited all forms of discrimination towards African-Americans. d) It declared that representation in the Senate is based on actual population.

a) It guaranteed equal protection under the law

In addition to proposing amendments to the Constitution, how else can Congress deal with the changing needs of the country? a) Make new laws via the necessary and proper clause. b) Impeach public officials who are ineffective. c) Propose new laws to the Supreme Court. d) Appoint state governors who will support a strong federal government.

a) Make new laws via the necessary and proper clause.

The 9th Amendment would protect which of the following "unenumerated" rights? a) Personal privacy b) Trial by jury c) Right to peacefully assemble d) Cruel and unusual punishment

a) Personal privacy

The "equal protection clause" was nullified by which Supreme Court decision? a) Plessy v. Ferguson b) Roe v. Wade c) Reynolds v. Sims d) Bush v. Gore

a) Plessy v. Ferguson

Furman v. Georgia (1972) and Gregg v. Georgia (1976) were Supreme Court cases that pertained to which important issue? a) capital punishment b) separation of church and state c) limits of the First Amendment during wartime d) a woman's right to privacy

a) capital punishment

The 5th Amendment is designed to do all of the following except: a) ensures the freedom of "expression" b) guarantees due process c) protects against self-incrimination d) ensures against double jeopardy

a) ensures the freedom of "expression"

The Second Amendment has been the subject of ongoing controversy because it a) gives citizens the right to own guns. b) prohibits government officials from conducting searches and seizures without a warrant. c) gives citizens the right to freedom of press. d) gives Congress the power to collect taxes.

a) gives citizens the right to own guns.

The Supreme Court case "Gitlow v. New York" is significant because: a) it defined the power of the 14th Amendment over the 10th Amendment b) it reinforced Plessy v. Ferguson and states rights of segregation c) it set the rules of Congressional redistricting after each Census d) it allowed states to deploy the National Guard within their state in a time of emergency

a) it defined the power of the 14th Amendment over the 10th Amendment

The 4th Amendment is important because: a) it protects against illegal obtaining of evidence. b) it overturned the legal precedent set in Powell v. Alabama (1932). c) it prevented suspects from defending themselves. d) it made the trial unnecessary.

a) it protects against illegal obtaining of evidence.

What does Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes mean by the following quote regarding interpretation of the Bill of Rights: "The most stringent protection of free speech would not protect a man in falsely shouting fire in a theater and causing a panic." a) The needs of the government are more important than civil liberties. b) Constitutional protections of liberty are not absolute. c) The Supreme Court can eliminate freedoms listed in the Bill of Rights. d) The Bill of Rights does not safeguard individual liberties.

b) Constitutional protections of liberty are not absolute.

How did the Supreme Court decision in Engel v. Vitale (1962) impact the ongoing issue of separation of church and state? a) It required all banks, post offices, and government offices to stay open on Christmas. b) It prohibited organized prayer in public schools. c) It restricted religious chaplains from serving in the armed forces. d) It prohibited state governments from funding parochial schools.

b) It prohibited organized prayer in public schools.

Which of the following in American government has most resulted in new interpretations of the Constitution? a) the development of the Electoral College b) Judicial Review of the Supreme Court c) antitrust settlements in interstate commerce d) the influence of the Presidential Cabinet on policymaking

b) Judicial Review of the Supreme Court

Which idea is illustrated by the Supreme Court case Schenck v. United States (1919)? a) Freedom of the press has often been restricted by the judicial branch. b) Limitations on civil rights can happen during times of "clear & present danger" c) The rights of criminals have been preserved even in times of national stress. d) Economic interests of foreign nations are frequently upheld in United States courts.

b) Limitations on civil rights can happen during times of "clear & present danger"

The Supreme Court case "Barron v. Baltimore" created the precedent that stated: a) Federal law must be obeyed at every level b) The Bill of Rights applied only to the Federal government c) Laws can never be interpreted differently than their "original intent" d) The Electoral College is inherently Unconstitutional

b) The Bill of Rights applied only to the Federal government

The 3rd Amendment is a direct result of which British Act listed below? a) the Stamp Act b) the Quartering Act c) the Sugar Act d) the Quebec Act

b) the Quartering Act

The equal protection of the law clause in the Fourteenth Amendment served as the basis for which of the following? a) the Supreme Court's decision in Engel v. Vitale b) the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s c) the ratification of the Seventeenth Amendment d) the Supreme Court's decision in New Jersey v. T.L.O.

b) the civil rights movement in the 1950s and 1960s

The 7th Amendment guarantees all citizens the right to: a) The right to legal counsel b) The right to know all charges brought against them c) A jury trial in civil court d) the right to remain silent when charged

c) A jury trial in civil court

The Thirteenth, Fourteenth, and Fifteenth Amendments that were passed after the Civil War extended civil rights to which of the following? a) women b) Native Americans c) African Americans d) people under the age of 18

c) African Americans

Constitutionally speaking, what does "incorporation" mean? a) States can decide which rights citizens can enjoy b) The Articles of Confederation are applied to the Constitution c) The Bill of Rights must be honored in every state d) Executive Orders of a President are legal extension(s) of the Executive Branch

c) The Bill of Rights must be honored in every state

What was the right to an attorney in the 6th Amendment designed to do? a) protect freedom of expression b) assure that laws are properly enacted c) ensure fair treatment for those accused of crimes d) provide for judicial review of laws

c) ensure fair treatment for those accused of crimes

The Supreme Court decision in Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) extended the rights of the accused to a) a speedy trial. b) reasonable bail. c) legal counsel. d) an impartial jury.

c) legal counsel.

The 8th Amendment was reaffirmed in which of the following Supreme Court cases? a) Miranda v. Arizona b) Mapp v. Ohio c) Marbury v. Madison d) Gregg v. Georgia

d) Gregg v. Georgia

The Flag Protection Act of 1989 was an attempt by Congress to overturn which of the following Supreme Court decisions? a) Tinker v. Des Moines Public Schools (1969) b) Massachusetts v. Morash (1989) c) Furman v. Georgia (1972) d) Texas v. Johnson (1989)

d) Texas v. Johnson (1989)

As a result of the Supreme Court ruling in Miranda v. Arizona (1966), a person accused of a crime is entitled to a) a speedy trial. b) reasonable bail. c) protection against cruel and unusual punishment. d) a reading of his or her rights at the time of arrest.

d) a reading of his or her rights at the time of arrest.

Supreme Court decisions in Mapp v. Ohio (1961), Gideon v. Wainwright (1963), and Miranda v. Arizona (1966) affected individual liberties by a) eliminating the poll tax as a voting requirement. b) preventing the use of organized prayer in public schools. c) requiring equal pay for men and women performing the same job. d) expanding the constitutional rights of people accused of crimes.

d) expanding the constitutional rights of people accused of crimes.

The court decision in the case of New York Times v. United States (1971) strengthened a) freedom of religion. b) due process rights. c) the right to legal counsel. d) freedom of press.

d) freedom of press.

The Tenth Amendment of the Bill of Rights was significant in particular, because it a) defined the rule of the construction of the Constitution. b) guaranteed trial by jury. c) gave the right to bear arms. d) guaranteed that any powers not delegated to the federal government went to the states.

d) guaranteed that any powers not delegated to the federal government went to the states.

Which of the following has been criticized by some groups in recent decades for going against the separation of church and state? a) the Star-Spangled Banner b) the inscription on the Liberty Bell c) the inscription on the Statue of Liberty d) the Pledge of Allegiance

d) the Pledge of Allegiance

Marbury v. Madison (1803) marked the first time that a) Congress exercised its powers under the necessary and proper clause. b) the Supreme Court decided a presidential election. c) the Supreme Court protected the rights guaranteed under the First Amendment. d) the Supreme Court exercised its power of judicial review.

d) the Supreme Court exercised its power of judicial review.