Unit 3 Tissue Repair and Application Assignment

Which tissues have no functional regenerative capacity? A)cardiac and smooth muscle B)nervous tissue and smooth muscle C)cardiac muscle and nervous tissue in the brain and spinal cord D)epithelial tissues, bones, and areolar connective tissue

C) cardiac muscle and nervous tissue in the brain and spinal cord

Which tissue repair process results in the formation of scar tissue? A)inflammation B)granulation C)fibrosis D)regeneration

C)fibrosis

A 45-year-old woman is admitted to the hospital for surgical removal of a tumor on her thyroid gland. The surgeon informs her that she will have only a very small scar. How could this be possible? A)A thin incision will leave a small amount of scar tissue. As the scar tissue matures it is broken down by fibroblasts and replaced with new connective and epithelial tissues, resulting in no scar tissue and no scar. B)Epithelial tissues regenerate extremely well, and result in no scar tissue being formed. The only sign of the incision left is the area of new epithelium that looks slightly different. C)A thin incision will leave a small amount of scar tissue. The surface epithelium regenerates, and as scar tissue matures, it contracts, leaving only a fine white line. D)A thin incision will leave a small amount of scar tissue. As the surface epithelium regenerates the scar tissue will expand and merge with the adjacent tissue to become almost invisible.

C) A thin incision will leave a small amount of scar tissue. The surface epithelium regenerates, and as scar tissue matures, it contracts, leaving only a fine white line.

In adult humans, most cancers are carcinomas or adenocarcinomas. These include cancers of the skin, lung, colon, breast, and prostate. Which of the four basic tissue types is involved, and why? A)Epithelial tissue: it is exposed to the environment and is constantly dividing, both factors allowing more opportunity for damage and overcoming growth control mechanisms. B)Connective tissue: cancerous cells require high levels of nutrients, and connective tissue is well vascularized. C)Connective tissue: cancerous cells can move more freely and spread to other tissues more easily due to the high level of vascularization in connective tissue. D)Connective tissue: it is found everywhere in the body, and is the only tissue common to the skin, lungs, colon, breasts, and prostate. E)Epithelial tissue: it is avascular and composed entirely of cells, both of which inhibit surveillance by the immune system.

A) Epithelial tissue: it is exposed to the environment and is constantly dividing, both factors allowing more opportunity for damage and overcoming growth control mechanisms.

A 6-year-old child fell off his bike and scraped his knee. What is the first stage of wound healing, and what occurs during this stage? A)Inflammatory stage, characterized by dilation and increased permeability of capillaries, movement of white blood cells and plasma into the area, clot formation, and removal of foreign material and cell debris. B)Regeneration stage, characterized by replacement of blood clot with granulation tissue, formation of collagen fiber networks to bridge the gap, and granulation tissue becoming scar tissue. C)Organization stage, characterized by replacement of blood clot with granulation tissue, formation of collagen fiber networks to bridge the gap, and granulation tissue becoming scar tissue. D)Inflammatory stage, characterized by dilation and increased permeability of capillaries, movement of white blood cells and plasma into the area, replacement of blood clot with granulation tissue, and formation of collagen fiber networks to bridge the gap. E)Organization stage, characterized by dilation and increased permeability of capillaries, movement of white blood cells and plasma into the area, clot formation, and removal of foreign material and cell debris.

A) Inflammatory stage, characterized by dilation and increased permeability of capillaries, movement of white blood cells and plasma into the area, clot formation, and removal of foreign material and cell debris.

What are the local clinical signs and symptoms of the inflammatory stage of wound healing? A)Pain, swelling, redness, and heat B)Redness, heat, fever, and pain C)Redness, fever, swelling, and heat D)Fever, heat, pain, and swelling E)Swelling, redness, fever, and pain

A) Pain, swelling, redness, and heat

All of the following statements refer to events of tissue repair. Put the events in proper numbered order according to the sequence of occurrence. The initial event, the injury, is already indicated as number one. 1. The skin receives a cut that penetrates into the dermis and bleeding begins. 2. Epithelial regeneration is nearly complete. 3. Granulation tissue is formed. 4. Blood clotting occurs and stops the blood flow. 5. The scar retracts. 6. Macrophages engulf and clean away cellular debris. 7. Fibroblasts elaborate connective tissue fibers to span the break.

1,4,3,7,6,5,2

An infection may occur in a tissue injury. Why? A)The increased availability of nutrients allows microorganisms to replicate. The skin and mucous membranes are body's first line of defense and are mostly impenetrable to microorganisms, unless broken or damaged by tissue injury. B)Once microorganisms gain entry to the body through a wound, they will always cause an infection. C)The skin and mucous membranes are body's first line of defense, and are mostly impenetrable to microorganisms unless broken. D)The increased availability of nutrients allows microorganisms to replicate.

A) The increased availability of nutrients allows microorganisms to replicate. The skin and mucous membranes are body's first line of defense and are mostly impenetrable to microorganisms, unless broken or damaged by tissue injury.

A 19-year-old model for Glamour magazine tripped over an extension cord, causing injury to her epidermis. She is afraid the injury will leave a scar. What would be the best thing to say to the patient in response? A)The epidermis has a very high regenerative ability and will not leave a scar. B)Regeneration is the replacement of destroyed epithelial tissue cells by cells that are identical or similar in structure and function. C)Scaring would be minimal, if there are no complications such as infection. D)Regeneration of the epidermis results in scar tissue eventually being broken down, and over time the scar will disappear. E)It is likely that you will be left with a scar for the rest of your life, as the epidermis has a low regenerative ability.

B) Regeneration is the replacement of destroyed epithelial tissue cells by cells that are identical or similar in structure and function.

Select the correct statement regarding tissue repair. A)The clot is formed from dried blood and transposed collagen fibers. B)Granulation tissue is another name for a blood clot. C)Granulation tissue is highly susceptible to infection. D)Inflammation causes capillaries to dilate and become permeable.

D) Inflammation causes capillaries to dilate and become permeable.

Select the correct statement regarding factors that affect the tissue repair process. A)Nutrition does not seem to influence tissue repair. B)The health of an individual does not seem to make any difference in the speed of repair. C)The type of tissue injured is not an important factor. D)The age of the person is a factor in the repair process.

D) The age of the person is a factor in the repair process.

The correct order of events in tissue repair, from first to last, is: A)regeneration, organization, and inflammation. B)inflammation, regeneration, and organization. C)organization, inflammation, and regeneration. D)inflammation, organization, and regeneration.

D) inflammation, organization, and regeneration.

Without macrophages, wound healing is delayed. Why? A)Macrophages phagocytose many foreign materials, as well as cell debris and dead cells. This cleans the wound, allowing scar tissue to form. B)Macrophages only remove the bacteria from the area, preventing infections from causing more damage. C)Macrophages form the capillary beds and repair the connective tissue in the wound. Both of these are essential for wound healing. D)Macrophages phagocytose many foreign materials, as well as cell debris and dead cells. This cleans the wound, allowing granulation tissue to form. E)Macrophages break down the scar tissue, allowing the correct tissue to be formed in its place.

D)Macrophages phagocytose many foreign materials, as well as cell debris and dead cells. This cleans the wound, allowing granulation tissue to form.

The first step in tissue repair involves ________. A)proliferation of fibrous connective tissue B)replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells C)formation of scar tissue D)inflammation

D)inflammation

Why does an open wound need a bed of granulation tissue for wound healing to occur? A)Granulation tissue releases inflammatory chemicals, making the local capillaries dilate and become more permeable. B)Granulation tissue acts as the scaffolding for repairing the tissue. C)Granulation tissue seals the edges of the wound together, preventing substances from entering the site. D)Granulation tissue contracts to pull the damaged tissue together to allow repair. E)Granulation tissue forms new capillary beds that provide oxygen-rich blood for the healing process.

E) Granulation tissue forms new capillary beds that provide oxygen-rich blood for the healing process.