unit 4 english

denotation connotations

A word's ____ is its literal definition, the one you would find in a dictionary. The associations or feelings that a word suggests are its ___. As you are reading the novel, you will be examining the words that he chose to describe his experiences, so it is important to understand how to identify the connotative meanings of those words. Which is the denotative meaning of the word eagle? -a large bird of prey with a massive hooked bill and long, broad wings the connotative meaning of the word eagle?-courage, strength, leadership, and vision

hypothermia

After three days at Gleiwitz, the prisoners are placed in open air cattle cars for the final journey to Buchenwald, approximately 386 miles. Use your mouse to track Elie's journey from the beginning of the book when he was in Sighet, through Czechoslovakia and Hungary, into Poland, and on to Germany. Many prisoners died not only from starvation, but also ___, a condition that occurs when the body loses heat faster than it can produce heat. In hypothermia, the body's core temperature drops dangerously low; it can even be fatal.

Antithesis

Antithesis Now, open your myPerspectives workbook to pages 308 to 313 and use the text to complete the close reading activities below about antithesis. ___ is a rhetorical device in which two strongly contrasting words, phrases, clauses, sentences, or ideas are placed side by side, in grammatically parallel constructions. Authors may use antithesis to emphasize the significance of an idea or to set up a contrast that they explore in more depth throughout the text. -put together with intention malala uses it to draw attention to something -STUDY FOR KEYSTONES jugaposition- deals with 2 conflicting images or things that dont go together ex- imptorance of light when we see darkness uses things like this- impact bc

conflict

Conflict Conflict is one of the most important aspects in a story. A ___ is a struggle between opposing forces. Without a conflict, there is no story. about the different types of conflict. -person vs person- an external conflict btwn two characters in a story -person vs nature- an external conflict btwn a character and some aspect of nature such as a storm, an animal, or the environment -person vs society- an external conflict btwn one or more characters and some aspect of our society. the character/s either rebel against society or try to prevent changes from occurring -person vs technology- an external conflict btwn the character and technology such as a computer, robot, phone or other technological device -person vs self- an internal conflict btwn the character and him or herself. usually, the character is asked to make a moral or ethical decision that contradicts what he or she currently believes

Nobel Peace Prize

Elie Wiesel's Nobel Peace Prize Acceptance Speech Essential Question: What is the relationship between power and freedom? Vocabulary: Nobel Prize Every year, the __ is awarded to a person, people, or an organization who, according to Alfred Nobel, the namesake of the award, "shall have done the most or the best work for fraternity between nations, for the abolition or reduction of standing armies, and for the holding and promotion of peace congresses" (The Official Nobel Peace Prize website) Where is the Nobel Foundation located? Which award was added in 1969? What was the average value of the award in 2014?

mood

Mood The ___ of a story is the feeling that a piece of writing creates within the reader. The mood is often suggested by descriptive details and evokes an emotional response from the reader, letting the reader know how the character is feeling. The mood may be the same throughout a story, or it may change based on the events in the story. -feelings evoked -can be based on connotation of words How does a writer create mood or atmosphere in a story? word choice setting imagery tone- what the author tries to convey. The mood is sort of what the reader feels while reading Annotate page 9. Read paragraph that begins with "Anguish." list at least five words or phrases that express the mood of this passage. -anguish,distant, polite, charming, calm -if we didnt know the story we could conclude that the mood is optimistic but we know most parts of the book are not what is the mood of this passage?-positive, optimistic At this point in the story, the townspeople of Sighet were nervous and anxious about the German soldiers because of the stories they had been hearing. How does the behavior of the German soldiers affect the mood or atmosphere in the town?-their behavior makes everyone stay calm. Annotate page 10. "On the seventh day of Passover. . . ." identify the two sentences or phrases that indicate how the mood in the town has changed. -death,-now the mood feels dreadful, tense, fearful- mood can change constantly in the text What event caused the mood in the town to change?- the change in the german soldiers behavior The German soldiers were calm and polite when they first entered the town, and then they became increasingly more violent. Why was this change in mood or atmosphere (from calm and polite to violent) so effective in allowing the German soldiers to take over the town?-

motif

Motif A motif should not be confused with a theme of a story. A ___ is a reoccurring idea, image, or action that has symbolic significance in a story.-symbol A motif helps develop the theme. Look at some examples of common motifs in literature below. -water or rain- motif used in literature. represents renewal and rebirth. can also rep washing away something old to make way for something new -light and darkness r common motifs. light or sun is used to rep hope life or goodness. darkness is used to rep evil death or the unknown. There are several motifs used throughout Night.- religion and night

Malala Yousafzai

Paired Text: Speech Vocabulary: beneficent, envoy, initiative you have been exploring the Essential Question: What is the relationship between power and freedom? Today, you will read a speech that was delivered at the United Nations. If you did not already know, ___ is the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize, only 17 at the time, for her tireless efforts to improve educational opportunities for girls. As she turned 20, she was still advocating for better education in the Middle East. Listen

Figurative language simile metaphor

Select one of the events from the chart on the previous page that you felt showed an act of resistance. Figurative Language ___ is writing or speech not meant to be interpreted literally. In some cases, it creates vivid impressions by setting up comparisons between dissimilar things. Elie Wiesel uses similes and metaphors in his writing. A __ is a figure of speech in which the words like or as are used to compare two apparently dissimilar things. The comparison, however, surprises the reader into a fresh perception by finding an unexpected likeness. -the storm was as loud as a lions roar A ___ is another figure of speech in which one thing is spoken of as though it were something else. Unlike a simile, which compares two things using like or as, a metaphor implies a comparison between them. Look at the examples below. ex- the storm was a roaring lion

holocaust genocide

The book is set during the Holocaust. The book chronicles events experienced by the author, Elie Wiesel, as well as the systematic genocide of Jewish people during World War II. A ___ is defined as total destruction that results in the widespread loss of life, especially through fire. However, many people frequently equate this term with the Holocaust of the Jewish community in Europe during World War II. Similarly, the term ___ refers to the killing of a large number of people based on their race, ethnicity, gender, or beliefs. The terms holocaust and genocide are often seen together as they describe barbaric events that took place during the Holocaust. video- four phases of the Holocaust. List those four phases in the order in which they occurred. Planning and Propaganda Expansion and Violence Dedication to Mass Killings Death Marches

infographic

The word ___ is a word that combines "information" and "graphic." Infographics are visual representations of information, data, or knowledge intended to present information quickly and clearly. Below is an infographic designed to convey the information you read in the launch text essay. Compare the original informative essay from the previous slide to the sample infographic below. identify the key components of an informative text.

theme

Theme A __ is a central message or an insight into life revealed in a literary work. The theme of a literary work can be stated directly, but most often it is implied. This means that the reader must infer the writer's central message or insight from what the writer suggests about people or life. -main idea- can apply to things outside of the story Some general themes can be summarized in a single word or short phrase, such as: identity loss of innocence deception Other themes are not simple. They are more complex and need to be explained.

death march

Vocabulary: death march, faltering, excruciating, parched, poignant, disheveled, spectacle Literary Terms: none As Elie and his father leave Buna during the evacuation, they do not realize that they are participating in what eventually became known as a ___. Press the link below to watch the Discovery Education video Death Marches from the Concentration Camps to learn more about these events. video notes- What was the rumor about what would happen to the camps after they were evacuated?-The camp was rigged to blow up, killing all left behind. What happened to the prisoners' shoes on these marches?-The soles of their shoes were worn away. While several thousand prisoners started out at the beginning of these marches, how many were left at the end of the journey?-a few hundred Now that you have looked at specific details of this event, define death march in your own words.

memoir

Vocabulary: dictatorial rule, Holocaust, genocide, Nazi you will read the memoir Night. This memoir was written by Elie Wiesel. A ___ is a narrative that tells the experiences of a person's life and notes the significance of those experiences. Night is the story of how Elie Wiesel survived the Nazi concentration camps as a teenager during the Holocaust and how this experience changed him as a person. Elie wrote this memoir ten years after he was liberated from the Buchenwald concentration camp. In 1986, he won the Nobel Peace Prize for his message of peace, forgiveness, and human rights.

resistance

Vocabulary: resistance Literary Terms: figurative language, simile, metaphor ___ means "an act or instance of resisting; an opposing or retarding force." When thinking about people resisting something, there are several questions to consider: How does a person oppose a force? Is violence required, or can a person peacefully resist a force? Or is resistance more about the will to live and the power of hope? several events from Chapter 4 in Night. decide if you consider each an act of resistance or not.

informative essay

__, which is a type of writing in which the author examines concepts through the careful selection, organization, and analysis of information. first reading in this unit is an example of this can use as a model of an informative text. Informative Writing key elements of an informative text- main idea, conclusion, supporting details, transitions Main idea - a writer's central thought or concept Supporting details - specific points that explain, develop, or illustrate the writer's main idea Transitions - used by the writer to help the reader progress smoothly from one idea to the next and show relationships between ideas Conclusion - the writer's final point, which summarizes the main idea

human rights

___ are rights inherent to all human beings, regardless of race, sex, nationality, ethnicity, language, religion, or any other status. Human rights include the right to life and liberty, freedom from slavery and torture, freedom of opinion and expression, the right to work and education, and many more. you will explore what it means to have your basic human rights taken away and how people can work to prevent situations that take others' rights away. human rights- set of protective rules to protect citizens. they r challenged in todays society video notes- idea is that each of us are entitled to same freedoms/rights cant be granted or revoked after ww2 un general assembly- made human rights- eleanor roosevelt based that all humans r born free 30 human rights

theme

___ is a central message, or an insight into life, revealed in a literary work. The theme of a literary work can be stated directly in the work, but most often it is implied. This means that the reader must infer the writer's central message or insight from what the writer suggests about people or life. You have already examined themes related to identity and dehumanization. you will continue to explore these ideas in addition to the changing family dynamic in this novel. For your close reading, you will be provided with the general theme or idea of the story. It will be your responsibility to explain, using text evidence, how that general theme or idea is being expressed.

Yom Kippur

___ is the holiest day of the year in the Jewish religion. It is the Day of Atonement. Jews devote the day to communal repentance, prayer, and fasting. By doing this, those in the Jewish faith put aside their physical desires to focus on spiritual needs through prayer, repentance, and self-improvement. It is customary to wear white on this day, symbolizing purity. Together, Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur are referred to as the High Holidays. chpt 5 keep these holidays in mind as Elie's response to these High Holidays show how he questions his once profound faith. -At the beginning of the novel, Elie describes himself as one who believed "profoundly." As he now struggles with his faith, consider this: How have his experiences at the concentration camp affected his beliefs?

Censorship

___ is the suppression of words, images, speeches, ideas, or public communications that some may feel are objectionable. Acts of censorship are usually committed by those with power to prevent those without power from accessing certain information or ideas. ex- banning books, gov docs, images, profanity -right to privacy What might it be like to live in a country where the government tracks all forms of communication? How would you feel if you knew the government was listening to your phone calls or reading your emails and text messages?

Rosh Hashanah

___, or the Jewish new year, is a time for rejoicing and introspection. It is celebrated on the first two days of the Jewish new year, which typically occurs during the harvest. It is observed with prayer services, the blowing of the shofar (a ram's horn that makes a trumpet sound), challah bread, apples, and honey symbolizing the hopes for a sweet new year. -Red apple, pomegranate, and a honey jar for the Jewish New Year Rosh Hashanah begins the Ten Days of Repentance, which culminates on Yom Kippur.

Nazi dictatorial rule

main character, Eliezer: a Jewish teenager who tells the tale of what his life was like under Nazi rule. A ___ is defined as a member of the National Socialist German Workers' Party. The National Socialist German Workers' Party was under the leadership of Adolf Hitler and came to power in 1933. This political party was part of a mass movement known as National Socialism, which promoted extreme ideas and practices. This party followed a ___, meaning that one individual was responsible for the rule of the nation. what might the effects have been on those who survived the events of the Holocaust? Night is told by the author, which makes the story even more powerful.