UNIT 4 PSYCHOLOGY EXAM

When did the term stress enter scientific literature?

1930s

Which of the following is an example of the alarm reaction stage of the general adaptation syndrome?

A burst of energy enables Ron to run fast when he sees a skunk in his path.

Which of the following is true about neurodevelopmental disorders?

All neurodevelopmental disorders are diagnosed in early childhood.

Which classification system is used by most mental health professionals in the United States of America?

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

Who developed biofeedback as a technique to treat combat stress?

Gary Schwartz

Which of the following is an example of flight of ideas?

Gilbert talks loudly and quickly, switching topics rapidly

Which of the following is an example of a primary appraisal of a stressor?

Humphrey judges the man with the gun to be a moderate threat.

Which of the following statements is true about obsessive-compulsive disorder?

It involves intrusive, unpleasant thoughts and repetitive behaviors

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of paranoid personality disorder?

Rafe is extremely suspicious of the people around him & mistrusts them

Which of the following exemplifies a symptom of schizotypal personality disorder?

Stella laughed when her dog died and cried while watching a funny movie.

In Hans Selye's rat study, rats that were exposed to stressors over a long period of time showed signs of (3): _________ ____________, _______ ___ _____ ____ _________, ____ _______ _________

adrenal enlargement, thymus and lymph node shrinkage, and stomach ulceration

A stressor is likely to be appraised as a threat when someone ________.

anticipates that it could cause of harm, loss, or other negative consequence

________ disorders are characterized by excessive, persistent fear and apprehension and by related disturbances in behavior.

anxiety

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all dissociative disorders?

becoming split off, or dissociated, from one's core sense of self

Which of the following is an example of a stressor?

being in car accident

Piper is diagnosed with agoraphobia because she experiences intense fear and anxiety of ______ _________ ___ ____ _____.

being outside the home alone

The concept of perceived control refers to ________.

beliefs about the capacity to influence and shape outcomes in our lives

The belief that you ___ _______ _______ is an example of a delusion.

can perform miracles

Etiology is another word for ________

causes

What is comorbidity?

co-occurrence of two disorders

A psychological disorder is a ________.

condition characterized by abnormal thoughts, feelings, and behaviors

Rush hour traffic, lost keys, obnoxious coworkers, and inclement weather are all examples of a(n) ________ ________

daily hassle

A high-stress job, overcrowding & long commutes to work are examples of the way some psychologist conceptualize stress as a ________

demanding or threatening event or situation

Exhibiting a personality that ________ is a common characteristic of all personality disorders.

differs markedly from the expectations of one's culture

Fidel suddenly wanders away from his home and experiences confusion about his identity. Fidel may be experiencing a(n) ____________ _____

dissociative fugue

People who reach the _______ level of stress feel burned out, exhausted, and their performance begins to decline.

distress

________ is the kind of stress that exceeds the optimal level, is no longer positive force, and becomes excessive and debilitating

distress

________ is the kind of stress associated with positive feelings, as well as optimal health and performance.

eustress

Which of the following is a common characteristic of all anxiety disorders?

excessive, persistent fear and anxiety

Which of the following is not an example of suicidal ideation?

fearing you will die

____ is a state of intense engagement in an activity; usually experienced while doing something the person enjoys

flow

Hypertension is a major risk factor for heart disease because it ________.

forces the heart to pump harder; puts more physical strain on the heart

What triggers the secondary appraisal of a stressor?

how a threat is perceived

Over the past few years, research suggests that stress levels in the United States have ________.

increased

Factory worker, supermarket cashier, and short-order cook are all examples of occupations with high levels of ___ ______ .

job strain

Which of the following is an example of avolition?

lack of motivation to bathe yourself

Which of the following defines antisocial personality disorder?

lack of regard for others' rights, impulsivity, irresponsibility, etc.

The relaxation response technique is a stress reduction technique that combines elements of relaxation and ___________.

meditation

What kind of symptoms involves reflecting noticeable decreases and absences in certain behaviors, emotions, or drives?

negative

If Laura has bipolar disorder, then she ________.

often experiences mood states that vacillate between depression and mania

Which brain region is believed to play a critical role in OCD?

orbitofrontal cortex

________ delusions involve the (false) belief that other people or agencies are plotting to harm the person.

paranoid

Yuri experiences excessive, distressing, and persistent fear or anxiety about heights. Yuri suffers from a(n) ______

phobia

Developing stomach ulcers during a prolonged period of stress exemplifies how stress can have a negative ____________ impact

physiological

Which of the following is not a risk factor for suicide?

popular music that promotes suicide

Optimism is a tendency toward a(n) ________ ________ ___ ________ ___________.

positive outlook and positive expectations

Which kind of psychology seeks to identify and promote those qualities that lead to happy, fulfilled,and contented lives?

positive psychology

Which type of appraisal involves judgment about the degree of potential harm or threat to well-being?

primary

Schizophrenia is considered a ________ disorder.

psychotic

Which demographic category reported the least amount of stress during 1983, 2006, and 2009?

retired people

Which psychological disorder is characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, and behavior?

schizophrenia

Guidance, encouragement, acceptance, emotional comfort, and tangible assistance are all examples of _______ ________.

social support

Diondre harbors the belief that spider eggs have been implanted underneath his fingernails. What kind of delusion is this?

somatic

Dr. Griffiths diagnosed Manuel with major depressive disorder because he ________.

spends weeks at a time feeling sad, empty, and hopeless

A demanding or threatening event is often called a(n) ________

stressor

Which of the following is an example of eustress?

training for a marathon

Due to Dominique' s obsessive-compulsive disorder, she may ________.

wash her hands every 10 minutes throughout the day.