Unit 4 Quiz (Biological anthropology)
What is the estimated brain size of Lucy (A. afarensis)?
400 cc (cubic centimeters)
Which statement BEST describes the phrase survival of the fittest?
It is a phrase that Herbert Spencer first used to promote social Darwinism.
Which of the following considers both physical and molecular evidence from which hypotheses on the evolutionary relationship of species can be drawn?
Phylogenetics
What is the earliest primate found to date, believed to be the common ancestor of later primates?
Purgatorius
What are the two main primate groups?
Strepsirrhine and Haplorrhine (prosimians and anthropoids)
How was the natural world viewed by most Europeans before the 19th century?
as a static hierarchy that included God, angels, humans, and other life forms
The scientific naming system developed by Carolus Linnaeus is called _______________ and includes ____________.
binomial nomenclature; the genus and the species
Which of these are characteristic of hominin species?
bipedalism and larger brains
Which of the following does NOT describe the characteristics of a prosimian?
highly social with a large brain
What is the first stage of the evolutionary process, which can alter a genetic sequence and result in a variant form?
mutation
Darwin s theory of evolution has been __________________ by molecular and genetic science.
supported and strengthened
Which of the following is the BEST definition of biological anthropology?
the exploration of human biological variation and the ancient past
For what is French naturalist Jean-Baptiste Lamarck best known?
the theory of macroevolution
What are the two types of eukaryotic cells?
somatic and sex (gametes)
Mendelian inheritance explains some 5,000 human traits. Most genetic expressions, however, are not the result of Mendelian heredity but rather are_______________.
polygenic traits
Which of the following is not considered a subfield of biological anthropology?
cultural anthropology
Which of these is an example of homologous structures?
the forelimbs of bats and humans
What is the observable expression of physical traits called?
a phenotype
Which of these occurs when two populations of the same species become isolated from one another due to a geographic barrier?
allopatric speciation
The term _______ refers to all species considered to be in direct lineage to modern humans, while the term _____________ refers to all present and extinct great apes.
hominins; hominids
