unit 5

Which of the following would be the strongest evidence for or against the necklaces effectiveness?

A bar graph comparing batting averages of the players who wear the official titanium necklace and those who were unknowingly wearing a fake titanium necklace

What does the term theory mean to a scientist?

A broad hypothesis that has been supported by a large number of experiments

What is the difference between a primary and a secondary source?

A primary source records an event. A secondary source examines the primary source.

The scientific method

A series of steps followed to solve problems including collecting data, formulating a hypothesis, testing the hypothesis, and stating conclusions.

Which property or properties of life does a virus possess?

A virus has order

Gathering information just to add to the knowledge base, such as measuring the beak length of various bird species, is known as ________.

discovery science

A college campus-including the students, birds, trees, sidewalks, and air-makes up one complete ________.

ecosystem

Your thigh bone, the largest bone in your body, is called the ________.

femur

Select the feature which is not directly involved in the clotting process.

hemoglobin

Maintaining a steady state internal environment, despite a changing external environment, is called ________.

homeostasis

There are many organs and glands of the endocrine system, but which one is the master controller?

hypothalamus

What type of disorder is AIDS?

immunodeficiency

What is the name of the response to an injury in which fluids leak from dilated blood vessels causing redness and swelling?

inflammatory response

What is not a major protein found in muscles?

keratin

What carries a signal from one neuron to the next?

neurotransmitter

What is typically the first step in the scientific method?

observation

Where does fertilization of the egg occur?

oviduct

The release of an egg from the ovary is called

ovulation

Many medical studies include a control group in which patients receive a medically ineffective treatment that resembles the treatment tested. What do we call the ineffective treatment?

placebo

Many medical studies show that patients who receive a treatment feel better even if the treatment was an ineffective sugar pill. What is this phenomenon called?

placebo effect

Main role of the liver is

produce bile, which helps the process of digestion

Tissues are made up of

similar cells that perform a particular function

Connective tissue is the most variable of the tissue types. Which one of the following is not categorized as connective tissue?

skin

beginning with an atom and working up to the entire planet, biologists view life as arranged from _____.

small and simple to large and complex

Most absorption of nutrients occurs in the __________.

small intestine

What is the name of the tubes that run from the kidneys to the bladder?

ureters

Which medication prevents viral infections by priming the immune system against a specific virus?

vaccine

Genital herpes is a sexually transmitted disease caused by

virus

Which of the following blood cells fights infections?

white blood cells

Which variable is the dependent variable?

yield

A person with carbohydrates A and B on the surface of their red blood cells will have which of the following blood types?

Blood type AB, as both A and B are present

Select the correct sequence for the pathway of blood through the heart

Body → Right Atrium → Right Ventricle → Lungs → Left Atrium → Left Ventricle → Body

Which of the following statements about bones is false?

Bones are dry and dead, made up of calcium and connective fibers with a few blood vessels running through them.

If you were to evaluate these claims using the scientific method, what would be the first step?

Develop a hypothesis

How is diabetes linked with homeostasis?

Diabetes results from the body not responding with a negative feedback to the level of glucose in the blood.

Which of the following statements about digestion is true?

Digestion can be both mechanical and chemical, and it occurs both in the mouth and in the stomach.

Which variable is independent variable?

Fertilizer amount

When is an unborn child called a fetus?

From the 9th week of pregnancy to birth

What is the role of the epithelium?

Helps protect the body from the external environment

What is the primary function of the sinoatrial node?

Initiates the contraction of the heart

How is life defined?

Life is defined through a set of shared characteristics that all living things display.

What type of receptors in the ear are responsible for the sense of hearing?

M

Which of the following represents a double-blind study?

Neither the test group nor the researchers know whether the test group is receiving a placebo or the actual treatment until all the data are collected.

Is a virus alive?

No, it does not possess all of the requirements for life.

What moves the food from your mouth to your stomach when you swallow?

Peristaltic muscle contractions

_____ refers to how a body system functions, and _____ refers to the structure of a body part?

Physiology; anatomy

What is the role of the epiglottis?

Prevents food from entering the windpipe

Identify the primary role of the lymphatic system?

Produce and store large numbers of white blood cells

Skin is sometimes referred to as the largest organ of the body. Why is skin considered to be an organ and not a tissue or some other structure?

Skin consists of multiple tissue types that cooperate to perform a specific task.

How do the muscles in your arm extend your arm outward?

Some muscles in your arm relax and others contract, pulling the arm straight.

Certain parasites, such as intestinal tapeworms, cannot survive outside of the host. Why are they still considered alive?

Survival outside of a host is not a requirement for life.

From production through ejaculation, which is the correct pathway for a sperm cell?

Testis → Epididymis → Vas Deferens → Seminal Vesicles → Prostate Gland → Penis

What is the smallest unit of life?

The cell is the smallest unit of life

Which of the following represents a blind study?

The test group does not know whether they are receiving a placebo or the actual treatment, but the researchers do.

Choose the defining characteristic of all arteries.

They only carry blood away from the heart.

What is the role of the villi?

To absorb small nutrient molecules from the digestive tract

What is the purpose of dialysis treatments?

To detoxify dangerous chemicals in the bloodstream

How is an adaptive defense initially primed?

Upon exposure to a foreign antigen

Scurvy is caused by a lack of which nutrient?

Vitamin C

A population consists of ________.

a group of interacting individuals of one species

What part of the respiratory system forms the interface between the respiratory system and the circulatory system?

alveoli

Form refers to ________, and function refers to ________.

anatomical structure; physiological actions

The spinal cord is part of the ________ nervous system.

central

what are horomones

chemical messengers

Which of the following forms of contraception is removable?

An intrauterine device

Which of the following correctly explains what a heart attack is?

Arteries that supply the heart with oxygen become blocked.

Which type of white blood cells produces defensive proteins called antibodies?

B cells

What causes stomach ulcers?

bacteria

If you were to combine all of the ecosystems on the planet, you would have the

biosphere

An essential nutrient is specifically a nutrient that your body

cannot make by itself

Which are the thinnest blood vessels?

capillaries

Blood types A, B, AB, and O are determined by ________.

carbohydrates on the surface of the red blood cells

What is the main role of red blood cells?

carry oxygen