Unit 7

chief figure in the Iran-Contra scandal who admitted to covering up illegal actions

Oliver North

During the 1980s, ___________________ citizens became vocal in the political arena, especially about issues such as Social Security and Medicare.

senior

The portion of the nation's wealth earned by the ___________________ fi ve percent of Americans began to rise in the late 1980s.

wealthiest

Southern and Western regions of the United States

Sunbelt

___________________, a disease that weakens the immune system and lowers resistance to illnesses, became an epidemic during the 1980s.

AIDS

Members of the new conservative coalition that had come together by the late 1970s were united by a common belief that

American society had lost its way.

conservative Republican nominee for president in 1964

Barry Goldwater

Protestant minister who built a national following

Billy Graham

Believers in supply-side economics supported higher taxes, allowing businesses and investors to use extra capital on new investments.

False

President Reagan believed the United States should oppose guerrilla groups fighting to overthrow Communist or pro-Soviet governments, an approach that came to be known as the Reagan Doctrine.

False

In January 1991, the United Nations went to war in the Persian Gulf for what reason?

Iraq had invaded Kuwait.

first African American to make a serious run for a presidential nomination

Jesse Jackson

policy of supporting guerrilla groups fighting Communist or pro-Soviet governments

Reagan Doctrine

President Reagan encouraged the Federal Reserve to raise interest rates and asked Congress to pass a massive tax cut, in what critics called

Reaganomics.

Who sent his army to invade oil-rich Kuwait in August 1990?

Saddam Hussein

first woman on the Supreme Court, appointed by President Reagan

Sandra Day O'Connor

Which of the following statements about discount retailers is accurate?

They sell large quantities of goods at low prices.

location of pro-democracy demonstrations violently crushed by the Chinese government in 1989

Tiananmen Square

President Reagan believed cutting taxes and building up the military were more important than balancing the budget.

True

The Intermediate Range Nuclear Forces Treaty signed by President Reagan and Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev in 1987 marked the beginning of the end of the Cold War.

True

The economic expansion the nation experienced during Reagan's first term as president made him very popular, contributing to his reelection in 1984.

True

In 1975 entrepreneur Ted Turner launched the television station ___________________.

WTBS

worked to spread conservative ideas to a wider audience by founding the magazine National Review

William F. Buckley

In an approach to economic policy that came to be called "Reaganomics," President Ronald Reagan sought to keep interest rates high while

asking Congress to pass a huge tax cut.

The rapid economic growth of the 1980s and the cultural emphasis on accumulating wealth was partly caused by

baby boomers entering the workforce

The recession that began in 1990 was caused in part by the end of the Cold War, because the United States

began reducing its armed forces and canceling orders for military equipment.

paid by businesses and investors when they sell stocks or real estate for a profit

capital gains tax

The tax cut President Reagan won from Congress would increase the budget deficit, so Reagan proposed ___________________ to keep the defi cit under control.

cutting social programs

Reagan's first act as president was to sign an executive order eliminating price controls on oil and gasoline, a step towards

deregulation.

The central message of H. Ross Perot's 1992 presidential campaign was the need to

end deficit spending.

The largest religious group within the social conservative movement that formed by the late 1970s was

evangelical Protestants.

President Reagan encouraged and promoted deregulation because he believed

excessive government regulations hurt the economy.

As cable television spread across the country in the late 1970s and 1980s, many of the new networks that appeared specialized in one type of broadcasting or

focused on specific audiences.

"openness," allowing more freedom of religion and speech in the Soviet Union

glasnost

The collapse of the Soviet Unions economy that began in the late 1980s was caused by

inefficient central planning and huge expenditures in the arms race.

"restructuring," allowing some private enterprise and profit making in the Soviet Union

perestroika

term used by presidential candidate Jesse Jackson for a broad group of minorities and the poor

rainbow coalition

While liberals generally believe the government should help disadvantaged Americans through social programs, many conservatives believe social problems can be solved through

religious faith and private efforts.

Although liberals tend to favor government intervention in the economy, they are generally suspicious of attempts to use the government to regulate

social behavior.

idea that high taxes weaken the economy by taking money away from investors

supply-side economics

For many Americans, the conservative idea that the government had become too big meant simply that

taxes were too high.

In late December 1991, Mikhail Gorbachev announced the end of

the Soviet Union.

Which of the following entertainment technologies changed television viewing habits as well as the movie industry in the 1980s?

videocassette recorders

In May 1989, students and workers held demonstrations calling for democracy in

China.

island nation invaded by the United States in 1983

Grenada

conservative movement founded by evangelical minister Jerry Falwell

Moral Majority

movement founded by Jerry Falwell that backed conservative candidates and issues

Moral Majority

Which of the following developments was necessary for conservatives to build a coalition that could elect a president?

Southerners began shifting their votes to the Republican Party.

a plan, nicknamed "Star Wars," to develop weapons that could destroy incoming missiles

Strategic Defense Initiative

laying off workers and managers to increase a company's efficiency

downsizing

President Reagan began a massive buildup of the U.S. military, in part because he believed

massive Soviet defense spending would cause the Communist system to collapse. C. massive defense spending would stimulate economic growth in the United States.

The strong economic growth of the 1980s mostly benefited

middle- and upper-class Americans.

The American economy grew rapidly in the 1980s for several reasons, including lower taxes that spurred investment and spending, new technology that created new business opportunities, and

new methods of retailing that lowered prices

During his presidency, Reagan launched the largest peacetime buildup of

the U.S. military.