Unit 7 Quiz Answers

Which of the following developments during the Second World War would Franck most likely have cited as evidence to support his arguments in the passage? A Nazi scientists were working frantically to develop nuclear weapons and other weapons of mass destruction that could save the Nazi regime from defeat. B Allied firebombing in Germany and Japan had caused massive devastation and civilian casualties, and atomic weapons were vastly more powerful than those used in firebombing. C German scientists such as Franck were critical to helping the United States develop nuclear weapons, and some of those scientists wanted the weapons used on Germany rather than Japan. D Some United States allies were largely unaware of the United States attempt to develop nuclear weapons.

Allied firebombing in Germany and Japan had caused massive devastation and civilian casualties, and atomic weapons were vastly more powerful than those used in firebombing.

The differences in the passages above are most likely a result of which of the following? A Ideological struggles between communist and capitalist political parties B The Japanese emperor's acceptance of Enlightenment ideals C Demilitarization imposed by the United States after the Second World War D The persistence of mass antiwar protests in Japan

Demilitarization imposed by the United States after the Second World War

The table best supports which of the following conclusions? A European powers did not provide financial support for the maintenance of their colonies. B European powers maintained colonies despite global war and economic depression. C Europeans migrated and established settler communities in Africa. D Revenue from cash crops accounted for the majority of "other income" in French African colonies.

European powers maintained colonies despite global war and economic depression.

Giolitti's concerns in Source 2 about the potential consequences of conflict in the Balkans are most directly explained by which of the following developments in Europe in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries? A Ethnic and religious diversity in European states ensured that ethnic tensions in one region would quickly spread across Europe and spark civil wars. B European states entered into military alliances with each other that forced them to come to their allies' aid in the event of conflict with a nonallied state. C Military experts feared that future wars between European states would likely be far deadlier than past wars, because of the recent development of more advanced weapons. D Conflict between European rivals had already led to the dissolution of imperial states such as the Habsburg Austro-Hungarian Empire.

European states entered into military alliances with each other that forced them to come to their allies' aid in the event of conflict with a nonallied state.

The economic development Stalin describes above was achieved primarily through which of the following? A Government control of the national economy B Foreign investment from Western Europe C Extensive trade with the United States D Creation of private companies by Russian entrepreneurs

Government control of the national economy

Which of the following was the major long-term political effect of the Great Depression? A Governments began to take a more active role in economic life. B Labor unions in industrialized states dominated political life. C Philanthropic organizations provided relief for disadvantaged children D Governments created policies to restrict international trade.

Governments began to take a more active role in economic life.

Which of the following was a major long-term effect of the global economic depression of the 1930s? A Governments began to take a more active role in their economies. B Global warming was accelerated by increased burning of fossil fuels. C Land-based empires such as the Ottoman Empire became stronger. D Individuals such as Gandhi developed the practice of nonviolence.

Governments began to take a more active role in their economies.

The global economic downturn of the 1930s had which of the following effects on nations in Europe and North America? A International trade increased because nations lowered trade barriers. B Industrialized countries became more democratic as the public sought greater input in the making of economic policy. C Most imperial powers granted independence to their colonies because the costs of maintaining empires became unsustainable. D Governments took a more active role in directing and regulating their economies to stimulate growth.

Governments took a more active role in directing and regulating their economies to stimulate growth.

As shown in the image, the deployment of soldiers by European powers most directly relates to which of the following causes of conflict during the early twentieth century? A. The network of rival alliance systems B. Imperialist expansion and competition for resources C. Decline in global economic production and trade D .The emergence of revolutionary communism

Imperialist expansion and competition for resources

Which of the following arguments would a supporter of using nuclear weapons against Japan have most likely cited to explain the limitations of Franck's arguments in the first and second paragraphs? A The United States use of nuclear weapons against Japan might provoke the Soviet Union into becoming Japan's ally. B Japanese government propaganda instilled fierce, suicidal nationalism in the Japanese population, making Japan unlikely to surrender unconditionally without experiencing the effects of nuclear weapons. C The United States use of nuclear weapons against Japan would likely force the United States into a prolonged occupation of Japan in order to ensure the economic redevelopment of the country. D Japanese military actions in the Pacific, though often brutal, did not justify the use of nuclear weapons against Japanese cities with large civilian populations.

Japanese government propaganda instilled fierce, suicidal nationalism in the Japanese population, making Japan unlikely to surrender unconditionally without experiencing the effects of nuclear weapons.

Ideas similar to those expressed in the passage would contribute most directly to which of the following? A Japanese imperialist policies in East and Southeast Asia in the first half of the twentieth century B Japanese government attempts to mobilize public opinion by promoting the veneration of the emperor in the 1930s and 1940s C Japan's policy of demilitarization after the end of the Second World War D Japan's "economic miracle" in the 1960s and 1970s

Japanese imperialist policies in East and Southeast Asia in the first half of the twentieth century

Which of the following twentieth-century developments most directly weakened European colonial states and contributed to the changes between the two maps? A The decline of European economies during the Great Depression B Japanese occupation of Southeast Asia during the Second World War C Competition between Great Britain and France D The conquest of Spanish imperial territories by the United States

Japanese occupation of Southeast Asia during the Second World War

A historian researching the motives of the perpetrators of the Holocaust would find which of the following sources most useful? A Letters and publications written by Nazi leaders before the Second World War B The diary of Anne Frank, written by a Jewish girl who lived in hiding from the Nazis during the Second World War C Reports of Adolf Hitler's Beer Hall Putsch, his 1923 attempt to take over the German government D Field reports from American, British, and Russian generals published after the Second World War

Letters and publications written by Nazi leaders before the Second World War

Which of the following most directly explains the Nazis' ability to carry out the policies of extermination shown in the image? A Jews in many regions of Europe had been restricted to certain occupations and had to live in ghettos until the nineteenth century. B Many European Jews emigrated to Palestine after the First World War following the establishment of a Jewish homeland in the region. C Local populations collaborated with the regime either out of racial prejudice, fear, or hopes for material gain. D Nazi officials used propaganda to convince local populations that German occupation would benefit and liberate them.

Local populations collaborated with the regime either out of racial prejudice, fear, or hopes for material gain.

Which of the following most directly led to the start of the First World War? A. European powers meeting in Berlin in 1884 and 1885 to divide Africa into colonies B. Nationalist competition among industrialized powers for resources C. Japanese imperialist expansion into Korea and China D. Political tensions between communist and capitalist states

Nationalist competition among industrialized powers for resources

Which of the following best describes the cause of the developments described in the passage? A Soviet efforts to modernize their economy through government control B Soviet reaction to the economic crisis of the Great Depression C Protests against the environmental effects of economic development D Scientific breakthroughs in transportation and communication

Protests against the environmental effects of economic development

The situation shown in the image is best understood in the context of which of the following aspects of twentieth-century warfare? A States used propaganda to intensify patriotism in times of war. B States used new industrial technologies to fight wars that were deadlier and more expensive. C States made full use of their populations and material resources to fight total wars. D States increasingly mobilized their citizens for warfare regardless of gender or class.

States made full use of their populations and material resources to fight total wars.

The primary rationale for Japan's territorial acquisitions in Southeast Asia during the period 1933-1942, as reflected in Map 2, was most similar to the primary rationale for which of the following? A The Ottoman Empire's conquest of the Middle East and North Africa B France's conquests in central and southern Europe under Napoleon C The British East India Company's takeover of other European states' colonial possessions in India D The Qing dynasty's expansion into Central Asia

The British East India Company's takeover of other European states' colonial possessions in India

The image can best help explain which of the following differences between the Nazi program of genocide and other acts of genocide in the early twentieth century? A The Nazis persecuted specific ethnic and religious groups because they viewed them as threats to the state. B The Nazis industrialized the killing process, allowing them to commit murder on a massive scale. C The Nazis attempted to conceal their atrocities from the larger international community. D The Nazis committed their crimes during the course of a major international conflict.

The Nazis industrialized the killing process, allowing them to commit murder on a massive scale.

Based on the passage, it can be inferred that Mazower might also support which of the following assertions? A. The industrial capacity of the United States doomed Hitler's project for a Nazi-dominated Europe to failure from the start. B. The Nazis' rigidly ideological approach to empire building prevented them from consolidating their control of continental Europe. C. Ordinary Germans' revulsion at the genocidal policies of the Nazi Party as the Second World War progressed would have resulted in a revolution in Germany even if Hitler had won the military conflict. D Stalin's modernization policies would have enabled the Soviet Union to defeat Nazi Germany regardless of Hitler's policies.

The Nazis' rigidly ideological approach to empire building prevented them from consolidating their control of continental Europe.

Which of the following countries experienced the greatest number of war-related deaths during the Second World War? A India B Germany C Japan D The United States E The Soviet Union

The Soviet Union

The declaration's mention of a "heavy toll" in the third paragraph was most likely a reference to which of the following? A The casualties of the First World War B The deaths that occurred as a result of the use of nuclear weapons during the Second World War C The deaths that occurred during the Holocaust D The mass violence that occurred under communist leaders, such as Mao Zedong

The deaths that occurred during the Holocaust

Which of the following was the most important factor behind Europeans' readiness to embrace authoritarian political systems in the 1930s? A. Dissatisfaction with the welfare state B. Admiration for the economic achievement of the Soviet Union under Stalin C. The economic crisis caused by the Great Depression D. Resentment of United States mass culture and consumer society

The economic crisis caused by the Great Depression

Contemporaries who agreed with Franck's argument in the second and third paragraphs regarding the need for an international agreement would most likely have made which of the following arguments to support their position? A New international organizations could have only a limited effect in restraining the actions of the great powers. B The peace agreements should ensure that Germany could never threaten the stability of Europe again. C The end of the war would probably lead to a new rivalry between the victorious states. D Mass atrocities committed during the war required that states possess sufficient armaments to defend themselves in future conflicts.

The end of the war would probably lead to a new rivalry between the victorious states.

The implementation of the policies of extermination shown in the image is most directly explained by which of the following aspects of Nazi ideology? A The idea that Germans descended from a master "Aryan" race B The idea that some minority populations could eventually be Germanized C The idea that minority populations within Germany were somehow responsible for its defeat during the First World War D The idea that Germany needed to expand its postwar borders in order to provide "living space" for its people

The idea that minority populations within Germany were somehow responsible for its defeat during the First World War

Which of the following accurately explains the historical significance of the harsh conditions imposed on Germany that the editorial describes? A They led to a successful communist revolution in Germany. B They triggered a massive wave of emigration from Germany. C They resulted in the virtual deindustrialization of Germany. D They encouraged the rise of political extremism in Germany.

They encouraged the rise of political extremism in Germany.

Poster from the Seventeenth Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 1934. Poster text: "Raise the Flag of Lenin, It Gives Us Victory!" Banners at bottom read: "Long live the invincible party of Lenin!" "Long live the great guide of the international proletarian revolution, Comrade Stalin!" Which of the following best describes the likely intent of the poster? A To build support for Soviet participation in institutions of international governance such as the League of Nations B To build support for centrally directed economic modernization programs in the Soviet Union C To promote Soviet free-market economic policies and participation in international trade agreements D To promote resistance to the prevailing political and economic order in the Soviet Union

To build support for centrally directed economic modernization programs in the Soviet Union

Shigenobu's criticism of European race-based discrimination against Japanese people is significant mostly because it shows that advocates of Japanese imperialism A shared European Enlightenment views about representative government and natural rights B accepted Western racial hierarchies and the place that those hierarchies assigned to Asian peoples C adopted the European attitudes about a "civilizing mission" and used those attitudes to justify Japan's own imperial policies D vigorously opposed European and United States' restrictions on Japanese immigration to the United States and Europe or European colonies

adopted the European attitudes about a "civilizing mission" and used those attitudes to justify Japan's own imperial policies

The mention of "President Wilson's principles" is most directly significant to understanding the editorial's point of view about the Treaty of Versailles because of the United States president's commitment to A establish an international organization to prevent future conflicts B work to create nation-states for ethnic minorities that had been under imperial control C broker a peace agreement on liberal principles that would not be motivated by revenge D resist the spread of Bolshevism following the Russian Revolution

broker a peace agreement on liberal principles that would not be motivated by revenge

Poster from the Seventeenth Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, 1934. Poster text: "Raise the Flag of Lenin, It Gives Us Victory!" Banners at bottom read: "Long live the invincible party of Lenin!" "Long live the great guide of the international proletarian revolution, Comrade Stalin!" Artworks of the type shown in the image were used for all of the following EXCEPT to A mobilize the Soviet population in support of the policy of "total war" during the Second World War B showcase Soviet support for the Warsaw Pact during the Cold War C promote Soviet support for anti-imperialist independence movements in Asia and Africa D encourage Soviet citizens to embrace Western popular culture

encourage Soviet citizens to embrace Western popular culture

Shigenobu's point of view regarding Western attitudes toward Japan as expressed in the passage is significant in that similar ideas were used by members of the Japanese government during the period between the First and the Second World Wars to justify A engaging in war with Russia over influence in Manchuria B militarizing the Japanese state and expanding its territories in Asia C overthrowing the Tokugawa Shogunate and establishing the Meiji dynasty D introducing reforms that industrialized Japan's economy

militarizing the Japanese state and expanding its territories in Asia

Moltke's prediction in Source 1 about the consequences of a potential war between Germany and France is most directly explained by the fact that A. France's recent industrialization made it militarily superior to Germany B. France had a much larger population than Germany C. previous conflicts had stirred intense nationalism in France and Germany D. fascists within Germany sought to use a potential war with France as an excuse to establish a dictatorship

previous conflicts had stirred intense nationalism in France and Germany