Unit 9/ 10Study Modules

What percentage of people in the world today still survive by practicing hunting and gathering?

0.005; only 250,000 people

According to UN estimates, what percentage of global fish stocks have been overfished?

25%

Which example refers to mixed crop and livestock agriculture?

A farm raises both pigs and corn, and the pigs eat the corn.

Which practices would be the most likely to contribute to desertification?

Allowing a large herd of animals to graze without proper management

Which term refers to husks of cereal grains that have been separated from the seeds through threshing?

Chaff

Which term refers to a machine that cuts, threshes, and cleans grain in the field?

Combine

In a given country, approximately 5 percent of the population work as farmers and most farmers use heavy machinery and advanced agricultural technology. Which type of agriculture is likely practiced in this country?

Commercial agriculture; its low percentage of farmers means its most likely a developed country which mainly practices commercial Agriculture

Which agricultural region is predominantly found in developed countries?

Dairying grain, and Mediterranean

what is the definition of undernourishment

Dietary energy consumption consistently below the minimum level needed to carry out basic daily activities

Which area contains a hearth area for the domestication of crops?

East Asia, where rice was domesticated around 10,000 years ago

Which form of agriculture is used to feed most of the world's people in the developing world?

Intensive subsistence

Which term refers to the unit of measurement of dietary energy?

Kilocalorie

In which region is meat the leading source of protein?

North America

Which of the following statements regarding pastoral nomadism is correct?

Pastoral nomads have a strong sense of territoriality.

Why is pastoral nomadism in decline?

Some governments have forced pastoral nomads, despite their reluctance, to settle in order to use their large tracts of land for other purposes.

In which region is livestock ranching primarily found?

Southeast Latin America mainly western North America, southeast Latin America, central Asia, and Australia.

Which region is believed to be a major hearth for the domestication of animals?

Southwest Asia Goats, cattle, pigs, and sheep were all first domesticated in this region around 8,000 to 9,000 years ago.

What is horticulture?

The growing of fruits, vegetables, and flowers-- found in the mediterranean

What is transhumance?

The seasonal migration of livestock between mountains and lowland pastures

What was unique about the cultivation of plants and animals in Southwest Asia?

This is the first area to integrate the cultivation of crops with the domestication of animals into a larger agricultural system. --Animals were often used to replace human labor, such as tilling the soil, and they were fed the crops that were grown.

Which crop is the leading source of food energy in North America?

Wheat

What plant does cocaine come from

coca plant

which crop is considered a cereal grain

maize

Which major cereal crop leads world agricultural production?

maize/corn is grown for consumption by animals rather than humans.

Which crops are key cash crops grown in the agricultural region around the Mediterranean Sea?

olives and grapes// wine and olive oil are produced (greece)

Which agricultural regions is predominantly found in developing countries?

shifting cultivation

what environment is most suitable for rice production?

tropics

what crop were likely first domesticated in sub-Saharan Africa?

yams-- think Things fall apart

Which of the following statements regarding Africa's food supply is correct?

Food production is increasing at about the same rate as population.

Which drug is made from the poppy plant?

Heroin is derived from opium which is produced by the poppy plant. Almost 90 percent of the world's opium comes from Afghanistan.

According to the Von Thünen model, which agricultural zone is located closest to the city?

Horticulture and dairying// bc milk and flowers expire and wilt quickly and are fragile

what is the definition of agriculture

The deliberate modification of Earth's surface through cultivation of plants and rearing of animals

What is the Green Revolution?

The development and diffusion of more productive agricultural techniques occurred during the 1970s and 1980s

Which of the following statements regarding commercial agriculture is correct?

The size of farms in commercial agriculture is much larger than farms in subsistence agriculture.

Which animal did humans likely domesticate first?

dog

what is the definition of substinence agriculture

agriculture designed primarily to provide food for direct consumption by the farmer and the farmer's family

What term refers to the cultivation of seafood?

aquaculture

Which term refers to the commercial grazing of livestock over an extensive area?

ranching//has been historically important in the US, but China is now the worlds largest meat producer

How many kilocalories (kcal) per day are required to maintain a moderate level of physical activity?

1,800

Which country has the largest share of the world's undernourished people?

India

Which of the following statements regarding the consumption of food in developed countries is correct?

People in developed countries consume a wider variety of food and more food overall.

which country was the potato first domesticated?

Peru

What is food security?

Physical, social, and economic access at all times to safe and nutritious food

A large farm in Latin America only grows coffee. An on-site processing plant prepares the coffee for export. What type of agriculture does this describe?

Plantation

What is one key feature of shifting cultivation?

Practice of slash-and-burn agriculture

Which crop is the most important food source in East Asia?

Rice

Which agricultural practices would be considered sustainable agriculture?

Ridge tillage--a sustainable agricultural practice that plants crops on ridge tops in order to minimize soil disruption.

Which of the following statements regarding agricultural land in the United States is correct?

The United States continues to lose agricultural land mostly due to the expansion of urban areas.

Which agricultural practices would not be considered sustainable agriculture?

The increased use of fertilizers, the removal of topsoil, and the spraying of chemical herbicides are all typical of conventional agriculture and are not considered sustainable practices

True or false During the time period of the agricultural revolution, human beings first domesticated plants and animals.

True

Which type of agriculture is the most important type practiced on farms near the urban areas of the northeastern United States?

dairying