Unit 9 Cardiac

The nurse is caring for a client admitted with angina who is scheduled for cardiac catheterization. The client is anxious and asks the reason for this test. What is the best response? "Cardiac catheterization is usually done to assess how blocked or open a client's coronary arteries are." "Cardiac catheterization is most commonly done to detect how efficiently a client's heart muscle contracts." "Cardiac catheterization is usually done to evaluate cardiovascular response to stress." "Cardiac catheterization is most commonly done to evaluate cardiac electrical activity."

"Cardiac catheterization is usually done to assess how blocked or open a client's coronary arteries are."

A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and diabetes mellitus. The client's blood pressure this morning was 150/92 mm Hg. When the client asks the nurse what his or her blood pressure should be, what is the nurse's most appropriate response? "Your blood pressure is fine. Just keep doing what you're doing." "The current recommendation is for everyone to have blood pressure of 140/90 mm Hg or lower." "The lower the better. Blood pressure of 130/80 mm Hg is best for everyone." "Clients with diabetes should have a lower blood pressure goal. You should strive for 120/80 mm Hg."

"Clients with diabetes should have a lower blood pressure goal. You should strive for 120/80 mm Hg."

The nurse reviews discharge instructions with a client who underwent a left groin cardiac catheterization 8 hours ago. Which instructions should the nurse include? "You can take a tub bath or a shower when you get home." "Contact your primary care provider if you develop a temperature above 102°F." "Do not bend at the waist, strain, or lift heavy objects for the next 24 hours." "If any discharge occurs at the puncture site, call 911 immediately."

"Do not bend at the waist, strain, or lift heavy objects for the next 24 hours."

A client is going home with a prescription for nitroglycerin (Nitrostat) for his anginal symptoms. Which of the following statements indicates the client understands the information needed to safely self-medicate? "I will store the nitroglycerin in the refrigerator." "I will take one tablet every 15 minutes when I have angina." "I should sit down or lie down before taking the nitroglycerin." "I am to swallow the nitroglycerin tablet after I put it in my mouth"

"I should sit down or lie down before taking the nitroglycerin."

A student nurse is to perform a cardiac assessment for a client and asks the instructor why the aortic valve closure is best heard on the right side of the sternum. What is the best response by the nurse? "The aortic arch causes the closure of the aortic valve to be heard best on the right side of the sternum." "The aortic valve is located near the apex of the heart, which is on the right side." "The aortic valve is located on the right side of the heart." "The aortic valve is located near the base of the heart on the right side."

"The aortic arch causes the closure of the aortic valve to be heard best on the right side of the sternum."

The nurse is assisting a patient with peripheral arterial disease to ambulate in the hallway. What should the nurse include in the education of the patient during ambulation? "As soon as you feel pain, we will go back and elevate your legs." "If you feel pain during the walk, keep walking until the end of the hallway is reached." "Walk to the point of pain, rest until the pain subsides, then resume ambulation." "If you feel any discomfort, stop and we will use a wheelchair to take you back to your room."

"Walk to the point of pain, rest until the pain subsides, then resume ambulation."

The nurse is reviewing the results of a total cholesterol level for a client who has been taking simvastatin. What results display the effectiveness of the medication? 160-190 mg/dL 210-240 mg/dL 250-275 mg/dL 280-300 mg/dL

160-190 mg/dL

The nurse is caring for a client who has a history of heart disease. What factor should the nurse identify as possibly contributing to a decrease in cardiac output? A change in position from standing to sitting A heart rate of 54 bpm A pulse oximetry reading of 94% An increase in preload related to ambulation

A heart rate of 54 bpm

The nurse is assessing a patient who reports feeling "light-headed." When obtaining orthostatic vital signs, what does the nurse determine is a significant finding? A heart rate of more than 20 bpm above the resting rate An unchanged systolic pressure An increase of 10 mm Hg blood pressure reading An increase of 5 mm Hg in diastolic pressure

A heart rate of more than 20 bpm above the resting rate

A lipid profile has been ordered for a client who has been experiencing cardiac symptoms. When should a lipid profile be drawn in order to maximize the accuracy of results? As close to the end of the day as possible After a meal high in fat After a 12-hour fast Thirty minutes after a normal meal

After a 12-hour fast

The nurse explains to a patient that the primary cause of a varicose vein is: Phlebothrombosis. An incompetent venous valve. Venospasm. Venous occlusion.

An incompetent venous valve.

Which condition contributes to secondary hypertension? Hepatic function Arterial vasoconstriction Calcium deficit Acid-based imbalance

Arterial vasoconstriction

An older adult is postoperative day one, following a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG). The client's family members express concern to the nurse that the client is uncharacteristically confused. After reporting this change in status to the health care provider, what additional action should the nurse take? Educate the family about how confusion is expected in older adults postoperatively. Assess for factors that may be causing the client's delirium. Document the early signs of dementia and ensure the client's safety. Reorient the client to place and time.

Assess for factors that may be causing the client's delirium.

A client who has undergone a femoral to popliteal bypass graft surgery returns to the surgical unit. Which assessments should the nurse perform during the first postoperative day? Assess pulse of affected extremity every 15 minutes at first. Palpate the affected leg for pain during every assessment. Assess the client for signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome every 2 hours. Perform Doppler evaluation once daily.

Assess pulse of affected extremity every 15 minutes at first.

A nurse is caring for a client who is exhibiting signs and symptoms characteristic of a myocardial infarction (MI). Which statement describes priorities the nurse should establish while performing the physical assessment? Assess the client's level of pain and administer prescribed analgesics. Assess the client's level of anxiety and provide emotional support. Prepare the client for pulmonary artery catheterization. Ensure that the client's family is kept informed of the client's status.

Assess the client's level of pain and administer prescribed analgesics.

The nurse administers propranolol hydrochloride to a patient with a heart rate of 64 beats per minute (bpm). One hour later, the nurse observes the heart rate on the monitor to be 36 bpm. What medication should the nurse prepare to administer that is an antidote for the propranolol? Digoxin Atropine Protamine sulfate Sodium nitroprusside

Atropine

A client has undergone cardiac catheterization and will be discharged today. What information should the nurse emphasize during discharge teaching? Avoid heavy lifting for the next 24 hours. Take a tub bath, rather than a shower. New bruising at the puncture site is normal. Bend only at the waist.

Avoid heavy lifting for the next 24 hours.

A client presents to the ED reporting severe substernal chest pain radiating down his left arm. He is admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) with a diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI). What nursing assessment activity is a priority on admission to the CCU? Begin ECG monitoring. Obtain information about family history of heart disease. Auscultate lung fields. Determine if the client smokes.

Begin ECG monitoring.

A client with an occluded coronary artery is admitted and has an emergency percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). The client is admitted to the cardiac critical care unit after the PTCA. The complications for which the nurse should monitor the client include which of the following? Peripheral edema Bleeding at insertion site Left ventricular hypertrophy Pulmonary edema

Bleeding at insertion site

A community health nurse teaching a group of adults about preventing and treating hypertension. The nurse should encourage these participants to collaborate with their primary care providers and regularly monitor which of the following? Heart rate Sodium levels Potassium levels Blood lipid levels

Blood lipid levels

A client is recovering from surgical repair of a dissecting aortic aneurysm. Which assessment findings indicate possible bleeding or recurring dissection? Urine output of 15 ml/hour and 2+ hematuria Blood pressure of 82/40 mm Hg and heart rate of 125 beats/minute Urine output of 150 ml/hour and heart rate of 45 beats/minute Blood pressure of 82/40 mm Hg and heart rate of 45 beats/minute

Blood pressure of 82/40 mm Hg and heart rate of 125 beats/minute

The nurse is providing an educational workshop about coronary artery disease (CAD) and its risk factors. The nurse explains to participants that CAD has many risk factors, some that can be controlled and some that cannot. What risk factors should the nurse list that can be controlled or modified? Gender, obesity, family history, and smoking Inactivity, stress, gender, and smoking Cholesterol levels, hypertension, and smoking Stress, family history, and obesity

Cholesterol levels, hypertension, and smoking

A nurse in a long-term care facility is caring for an 83-year-old woman who has a history of heart failure and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). At present, the client is unable to stand or ambulate. The nurse should implement measures to prevent what complication? Aortitis Deep vein thrombosis Thoracic aortic aneurysm Raynaud disease

Deep vein thrombosis

A patient who had a colon resection 3 days ago is complaining of discomfort in the left calf. How should the nurse assess Homan's sign to determine if the patient may have a thrombus formation in the leg? Dorsiflex the foot while the leg is elevated to check for calf pain. Elevate the patient's legs for 20 minutes and then lower them slowly while checking for areas of inadequate blood return. Extend the leg, plantar flex the foot, and check for the patency of the dorsalis pedis pulse. Lower the patient's legs and massage the calf muscles to note any areas of tenderness.

Dorsiflex the foot while the leg is elevated to check for calf pain.

A patient with long-standing hypertension is admitted to the hospital with hypertensive urgency. The physician orders a chest x-ray, which reveals an enlarged heart. What diagnostic test does the nurse anticipate preparing the patient for to determine left ventricular enlargement? Cardiac catheterization Echocardiography Stress test Tilt-table test

Echocardiography

A patient's gradual decline in activity tolerance and increased shortness of breath have prompted her health care provider to assess the structure and size of her heart. Which of the following diagnostic tests is most likely to yield these assessment data? Echocardiography Electrocardiography (ECG) Cardiac catheterization Angiography

Echocardiography

The nurse is evaluating a client's diagnosis of arterial insufficiency with reference to the adequacy of the client's blood flow. On what physiologic variables does adequate blood flow depend? Select all that apply. Efficiency of heart as a pump Adequacy of circulating blood volume Ratio of platelets to red blood cells Size of red blood cells Patency and responsiveness of the blood vessels

Efficiency of heart as a pump Adequacy of circulating blood volume Patency and responsiveness of the blood vessels

A client comes to the emergency department reporting chest pain. An electrocardiogram (ECG) reveals myocardial ischemia and an anterior-wall myocardial infarction (MI). Which ECG characteristic does the nurse expect to see? Prolonged PR interval Absent Q wave Elevated ST segment Widened QRS complex

Elevated ST segment

x A client with advanced venous insufficiency is confined to bed rest following orthopedic surgery. How can the nurse best prevent skin breakdown in the client's lower extremities? Ensure that the client's heels are protected and supported. Closely monitor the client's serum albumin and prealbumin levels. Perform gentle massage of the client's lower legs, as tolerated. Perform passive range-of-motion exercises once per shift.

Ensure that the client's heels are protected and supported.

A nurse is completing a head to toe assessment on a client diagnosed with right-sided heart failure. To assess peripheral edema, which of the following areas should be examined? Feet and ankles Under the sacrum Lips and earlobes Shoulders and elbows

Feet and ankles

The nurse is performing an assessment on a patient to determine the effects of hypertension on the heart and blood vessels. What specific assessment data will assist in determining this complication? (Select all that apply.) Heart rate Respiratory rate Heart rhythm Character of apical and peripheral pulses Lung sounds

Heart rate Heart rhythm Character of apical and peripheral pulses

The nurse is caring for a client who is admitted to the medical unit for the treatment of a venous ulcer in the area of her lateral malleolus that has been unresponsive to treatment. What is the nurse most likely to find during an assessment of this client's wound? Hemorrhage Heavy exudate Deep wound bed Pale-colored wound bed

Heavy exudate

hen being assessed by her new nurse practitioner, a woman states that she has had Raynaud's disease for many years, a problem that occasionally affects her quality of life. When performing health education surrounding this problem, what should the nurse emphasize? Teaching the woman about atherosclerosis and its role in Raynaud's disease Teaching the woman about the correct use of anticoagulants Helping the woman identify and avoid the specific triggers of her problem Teaching the woman the signs and symptoms of deep vein thrombosis

Helping the woman identify and avoid the specific triggers of her problem

A client reports chest pain. Which questions related to the client's history are most important to ask? Select all that apply. How would you describe your symptoms? Are you allergic to any medications or foods? Do you have any children? How did your mother die?

How would you describe your symptoms? Are you allergic to any medications or foods? How did your mother die?

A nurse is educating a community group about coronary artery disease. One member asks about how to avoid coronary artery disease. Which of the following items are considered modifiable risk factors for coronary artery disease? Choose all that apply. Hyperlipidemia Gender Obesity Race Tobacco use

Hyperlipidemia Obesity Tobacco use

Which describes a situation in which blood pressure is severely elevated and there is evidence of actual or probable target organ damage? Hypertensive emergency Hypertensive urgency Primary hypertension Secondary hypertension

Hypertensive emergency

The nurse is conducting client teaching about cholesterol levels. When discussing the client's elevated LDL and lowered HDL levels, the client shows an understanding of the significance of these levels by stating what? "Increased LDL and decreased HDL increase my risk of coronary artery disease." "Increased LDL has the potential to decrease my risk of heart disease." "The decreased HDL level will increase the amount of cholesterol moved away from the artery walls." "The increased LDL will decrease the amount of cholesterol deposited on the artery walls."

Increased LDL and decreased HDL increase my risk of coronary artery disease."

Which sign or symptom suggests that a client's abdominal aortic aneurysm is extending? Increased abdominal and back pain Decreased pulse rate and blood pressure Retrosternal back pain radiating to the left arm Elevated blood pressure and rapid respirations

Increased abdominal and back pain

The physician has ordered a high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) drawn on a client. The results of this test will allow the nurse to evaluate the role of what process that is implicated in the development of atherosclerosis? Immunosuppression Inflammation Infection Hemostasis

Inflammation

A nurse is teaching a client newly diagnosed with arterial insufficiency. Which term should the nurse use to refer to leg pain that occurs when the client is walking? Dyspnea Orthopnea Thromboangiitis obliterans Intermittent claudication

Intermittent claudication

The nurse is taking a health history on a new patient. The patient reports experiencing pain in the left lower leg and foot when walking, but claims that the pain is relieved with rest. The nurse notes that the patient's left lower leg is slightly edematous and hairless. What should the nurse suspect that the patient may be experiencing? Coronary artery disease (CAD) Intermittent claudication Arterial embolus Raynaud's disease

Intermittent claudication

A client is undergoing lipid profile studies in an effort to determine a proper nutritional balance for CAD. The client's lipid profile reveals LDL greater than HDL. This is a risk factor for this client because the: LDL sticks to arteries. HDL sticks to arteries. LDL carries cholesterol to the liver. HDL carries cholesterol to the liver.

LDL sticks to arteries.

The nurse is assessing a client new to the clinic. Records brought to the clinic show that the client's hypertension has not improved. What contributing factor should the nurse first explore in an effort to identify the cause of the client's inadequate BP control? Progressive target organ damage Possibility of medication interactions Lack of adherence to prescribed drug therapy Possible heavy alcohol use or use of recreational drugs

Lack of adherence to prescribed drug therapy

The heart has valves between the atrium and the ventricles. What valve separates the left atrium and ventricle? Mitral Pulmonic Aortic Tricuspid

Mitral

The ED nurse is caring for a client with a suspected MI. What drug should the nurse anticipate administering to this client? Oxycodone Warfarin Morphine Acetaminophen

Morphine

The physical therapist notifies the nurse that a client with coronary artery disease (CAD) experiences a much greater-than-average increase in heart rate during physical therapy. The nurse recognizes that an increase in heart rate in a client with CAD may result in what? Development of an atrial-septal defect Myocardial ischemia Formation of a pulmonary embolism Release of potassium ions from cardiac cells

Myocardial ischemia

The nurse is assessing a patient with severe hypertension. When performing a focused assessment of the eyes, what does the nurse understand may be observed related to the hypertension? Cataracts Glaucoma Retinal detachment Papilledema

Papilledema

A critically ill client is admitted to the ICU. The health care provider decides to use intra-arterial pressure monitoring. After this intervention is performed, what assessment should the nurse prioritize? Fluctuations in core body temperature Signs and symptoms of esophageal varices Signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome Perfusion distal to the insertion site

Perfusion distal to the insertion site

The nurse is educating a patient at risk for atherosclerosis. What nonmodifiable risk factor does the nurse identify for the patient? Stress Obesity Positive family history Hyperlipidemia

Positive family history

A patient comes to the walk-in clinic. While assessing the patient's vital signs, the nurse assesses the patient's blood pressure at 128/89 mm Hg. According to JNC7, how would this patient's blood pressure be classified? Hypertensive Normal Slightly hypertensive Prehypertensive

Prehypertensive

Which medication is an antidote to heparin? Protamine sulfate Alteplase Clopidogrel Aspirin

Protamine sulfate

A client with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complains that his hands become pale, blue, and painful when exposed to the cold. What disease should the nurse cite as an explanation for these signs and symptoms? Peripheral vascular disease Raynaud's disease Arterial occlusive diseases Buerger's disease

Raynaud's disease

A client is brought to the emergency department with reports of a bad headache and an increase in blood pressure. The blood pressure reading obtained by the nurse is 260/180 mm Hg. What is the therapeutic goal for reduction of the mean blood pressure? Reduce the blood pressure by 20% to 25% within the first hour of treatment. Reduce the blood pressure to about 140/80 mm Hg. Rapidly reduce the blood pressure so the client will not suffer a stroke. Reduce the blood pressure by 50% within the first hour of treatment.

Reduce the blood pressure by 20% to 25% within the first hour of treatment.

A client with cardiovascular disease is being treated with amlodipine, which is intended to cause what therapeutic effect? Reducing the heart's workload by decreasing heart rate and myocardial contraction Preventing platelet aggregation and subsequent thrombosis Reducing myocardial oxygen consumption by blocking adrenergic stimulation to the heart Increasing the efficiency of myocardial oxygen consumption, thus decreasing ischemia and relieving pain

Reducing the heart's workload by decreasing heart rate and myocardial contraction

A triage team is assessing a client to determine if reported chest pain is a manifestation of angina pectoris or an MI. The nurse knows that a primary distinction of angina pain is? Described as crushing and substernal Associated with nausea and vomiting Relieved by rest and nitroglycerin Accompanied by diaphoresis and dyspnea

Relieved by rest and nitroglycerin

The nurse screens a client prior to a magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA) of the heart. Which action should the nurse complete prior to the client undergoing the procedure? Select all that apply. Remove the client's Transderm Nitro patch. Sedate the client prior to the procedure. Position the client on the stomach for the procedure. Remove the client's jewelry. Offer the client a headset to listen to music during the procedure.

Remove the client's Transderm Nitro patch. Remove the client's jewelry. Offer the client a headset to listen to music during the procedure.

The nurse is caring for a client newly diagnosed with secondary hypertension. Which condition contributes to the development of secondary hypertension? Hepatic function Renal disease Calcium deficit Acid-based imbalance

Renal disease

While auscultating heart sounds, the nurse hears "lub-dub-dee" and recognizes that this would be characterized as which heart sound? S3 S1 S2 S4

S3

A patient with secondary hypertension has come into the clinic for a routine check-up. The nurse is aware that the difference between primary and secondary hypertension is what? Secondary hypertension has a specific cause. Secondary hypertension has a more gradual onset than primary hypertension. Secondary hypertension does not cause target organ damage. Secondary hypertension does not respond to antihypertensive drug therapy.

Secondary hypertension has a specific cause.

A physician admits a client to the health care facility for treatment of an abdominal aortic aneurysm. When planning this client's care, which goal should the nurse keep in mind as she formulates interventions? Decreasing blood pressure and increasing mobility Increasing blood pressure and reducing mobility Stabilizing heart rate and blood pressure and easing anxiety Increasing blood pressure and monitoring fluid intake and output

Stabilizing heart rate and blood pressure and easing anxiety

When assessing a client diagnosed with angina pectoris, it is mostimportant for the nurse to gather what information? The client's activities limitations and level of consciousness after the attacks The client's symptoms and the activities that precipitate attacks The client's understanding of the pathology of angina The client's coping strategies surrounding the attacks

The client's symptoms and the activities that precipitate attacks

Mr. Faulkner is a 69-year-old man who has enjoyed generally good health for his entire adult life. As a result, he has been surprised to receive a new diagnosis of hypertension after a series of visits to his primary care provider. The nurse who is working with Mr. Faulkner should recognize which of the following aspects of aging and hypertension? The diagnostic criteria for hypertension in adults over 65 differ from those for younger adults. The incidence and prevalence of hypertension increase with age. Blood pressure remains stable throughout adulthood but tends to be assessed more often by health care providers of older adults. Older adults are less vulnerable to the pathophysiological effects of hypertension than are younger adults.

The incidence and prevalence of hypertension increase with age.

The patient has a heart rate of 72 bpm with a regular rhythm. Where does the nurse determine the impulse arises from? The AV node The Purkinje fibers The sinoatrial node The ventricles

The sinoatrial node

A patient recently diagnosed with pericarditis asks the nurse to explain what area of the heart is involved. How does the nurse best describe the pericardium to the client? Thin fibrous sac that encases the heart. Inner lining of the heart and valves. Heart's muscle fibers. Exterior layer of the heart.

Thin fibrous sac that encases the heart.

The nurse is caring for a patient with venous insufficiency. For what should the nurse assess the patient's lower extremities? Rubor Cellulitis Dermatitis Ulceration

Ulceration

When a client who has been diagnosed with angina pectoris reports experiencing chest pain more frequently, even at rest, that the period of pain is longer, and that it takes less stress for the pain to occur, the nurse recognizes that the client is describing which type of angina? Intractable Variant Unstable Refractory

Unstable

When assessing a patient with left-sided heart failure, what would be noted on auscultation of lungs? Wheezes with wet lung sounds Stridor High-pitched sound Labor

Wheezes with wet lung sounds

The nurse is performing an intake assessment on a client with a new diagnosis of coronary artery disease. What would be the mostimportant determination to make during this intake assessment? Whether the client and involved family members understand the role of genetics in the etiology of the disease Whether the client and involved family members understand dietary changes and the role of nutrition Whether the client and involved family members are able to recognize symptoms of an acute cardiac problem and respond appropriately Whether the client and involved family members understand the importance of social support and community agencies

Whether the client and involved family members are able to recognize symptoms of an acute cardiac problem and respond appropriately

Nurses should implement measures to relieve emotional stress for clients with hypertension because the reduction of stress increases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arterioles. increases the resistance that the heart must overcome to eject blood. increases blood volume and improves the potential for greater cardiac output. decreases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arterioles.

decreases the production of neurotransmitters that constrict peripheral arterioles.

Before conducting diagnostic procedures of the cardiovascular system, which baseline data are necessary to collect from a client who is experiencing chest pain? description of the pain BP in the left arm pulse rate in upper extremities sound of the apical pulses

description of the pain

Within the heart, several structures and several layers all play a part in protecting the heart muscle and maintaining cardiac function. The inner layer of the heart is composed of a thin, smooth layer of cells, the folds of which form heart valves. What is the name of this layer of cardiac tissue? endocardium myocardium pericardium epicardium

endocardium

Which area of the heart is located at the third intercostal (IC) space to the left of the sternum? aortic area pulmonic area erb point epigastric area

erb point

A nurse is instructing a client about using antiembolism stockings. Antiembolism stockings help prevent deep vein thrombosis (DVT) by: encouraging ambulation to prevent pooling of blood. providing warmth to the extremity. elevating the extremity to prevent pooling of blood. forcing blood into the deep venous system.

forcing blood into the deep venous system.

A client with secondary hypertension has come into the clinic for a routine check-up. When comparing this client's diagnosis to primary hypertension, the nurse recognizes that secondary hypertension: has a specific cause. has a more gradual onset than primary hypertension. does not normally cause target organ damage. does not normally respond to antihypertensive drug therapy.

has a specific cause.

he laboratory values for a client diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) have just come back from the lab. The client's low-density lipoprotein (LDL) level is 112 mg/dL. This nurses recognizes that this value is low. high. normal. extremely high.

high

It is appropriate for the nurse to recommend smoking cessation for clients with hypertension because nicotine increases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood. decreases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood. increases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and increases the heart's ability to eject blood. decreases circulating blood volume.

increases the heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood.

The nurse cares for a client prescribed warfarin orally. The nurse reviews the client's prothrombin time (PT) level to evaluate the effectiveness of the medication. Which laboratory values should the nurse also evaluate? international normalized ratio (INR) partial thromboplastic time (PTT) complete blood count (CBC) Sodium

international normalized ratio (INR)

The nurse is caring for a client who is having chest pain associated with a myocardial infarction (MI). What medication will the nurse administer intravenously to reduce pain and anxiety? fentanyl hydromorphone hydrochloride morphine sulfate codeine sulfate

morphine sulfate

Papilledema is a fairly common symptom of elevated blood pressure. The best way to detect this condition is through: ophthalmic examination. using a sphygmomanometer. laboratory tests. an MRI.

ophthalmic examination.

A client who is newly diagnosed with high blood pressure has a 20-pack-year tobacco history. The nurse recommends smoking cessation for this client because nicotine: raises heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood. decreases heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood. increases heart rate, constricts arterioles, and increases the heart's ability to eject blood. decreases circulating blood volume.

raises heart rate, constricts arterioles, and reduces the heart's ability to eject blood.

Each chamber of the heart has a particular role in maintaining cellular oxygenation. Which chamber is responsible for receiving deoxygenated blood from the venous system? right atrium left atrium right ventricle left ventricle

right atrium

Each chamber of the heart has a particular role in maintaining cellular oxygenation. Which chamber is responsible for pumping blood to the lungs to be oxygenated? right ventricle left ventricle right atrium left atrium

right ventricle