Unit 9 Study Guide

The Battle of Antietam was particularly critical because it: a. probably prevented intervention by Britain and France on behalf of the Confederacy. b. inflated an already dangerous overconfidence among Southerners. c. delayed Lincoln's plan to announce the Emancipation Proclamation. d. ended Lee's plan of invading the North. e. ensured the reelection of President Lincoln.

a. probably prevented intervention by Britain and France on behalf of the Confederacy.

At the beginning of the Civil War, President Abraham Lincoln favored: a. quick military action to show the folly of secession. b. long-term enlistments for Union soldiers. c. seizing control of the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers. d. postponing military action as long as possible. e. making the Civil War about ending slavery.

a. quick military action to show the folly of secession.

One of the key developments enabling the Union to stop the Confederate thrust into the North at Antietam was: a. the Union's discovery of General Robert E. Lee's battle plans. b. General Lee's dilly-dallying and half-hearted offensive thrust at Antietam Creek. c. the use of the new repeating rifle for the first time. d. the death of Stonewall Jackson during the battle. e. Lincoln's removal of General McClellan from his command.

a. the Union's discovery of General Robert E. Lee's battle plans.

African Americans who fought for the Union Army in the Civil War: a. refused to serve under white officers. b. carried out reprisals against captured slaveowners. c. accounted for less than 1 percent of total Union enlistments. d. included the brave and accomplished 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, which suffered heavy casualties during the Union siege of Fort Wagner, South Carolina in 1863. e. served mainly in military support units.

b. carried out reprisals against captured slaveowners.

Following a historic battle in March 1862 with a tiny Union ironclad warship, the Monitor, the Confederate blockade runner, the Merrimack, was: a. used to ferry both British and French troops across the ocean. b. destroyed by Union troops to prevent its use as a slave ship. c. destroyed by Confederate soldiers to keep it out of the hands of Union troops. d. retrofitted with multiple cannons that were utilized to sink several Union blockading ships. e. captured and used by Union troops to help restore the Federal blockade.

b. destroyed by Union troops to prevent its use as a slave ship.

The Civil War resulted in all of the following except: a. the end of slavery. b. the end of protective tariffs and isolationism. c. the end of nullification and secession. d. the creation of the first federal social welfare agency. e. expanded federal powers of taxation.

b. the end of protective tariffs and isolationism.

When it was issued in 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation declared free only those slaves in: a. specific conquered areas in the South controlled by the Union army. b. slave states that remained loyal to the Union. c. Confederate states still in rebellion against the United States. d. United States territories. e. the Border States.

c. Confederate states still in rebellion against the United States.

The Battle of Gettysburg was significant because: a. it revived Southern military fortunes and hopes for an ultimate military victory of the Union. b. it guaranteed Lincoln's re-election in 1864. c. Union victory meant that the Southern cause was doomed. d. Lee's military genius and right-hand man, Stonewall Jackson, was killed. e. Philadelphia and New York were safe from attack.

c. Union victory meant that the Southern cause was doomed.

The Union victory at Vicksburg was of major importance for all of the following reasons except: a. it cut off the supply of cattle and other goods from Texas and Louisiana. b. it reopened the Mississippi River to Northern trade. c. it was the last major battle of the Civil War. d. it helped to quell Northern peace agitation. e. coupled with the victory at Gettysburg, foreign help for the Confederacy was irretrievably lost.

c. it was the last major battle of the Civil War.

The Emancipation Proclamation had the effect of: a. permanently shutting down the opposition of the northern Copperheads to President Lincoln's war policies. b. drastically weakening Confederate morale of its soldiers and politicians. c. strengthening the moral cause and diplomatic position of the Union. d. reducing desertions from the Union army. e. increasing popular support for the Republicans in the 1864 election.

c. strengthening the moral cause and diplomatic position of the Union.

The two major battles of the Civil War fought on Union soil were: a. Bull Run and Vicksburg. b. Peninsula Campaign and Fredericksburg. c. Shiloh and Chancellorsville. d. Gettysburg and Antietam. e. Mobile and Missionary Ridge.

d. Gettysburg and Antietam.

During the Civil War,: a. Southern armies found no way of utilizing slave labor. b. thousands of slaves rose in armed rebellion behind Southern lines. c. captured black soldiers were treated well by Confederates. d. blacks were enlisted by the Union army only after the Emancipation Proclamation was issued. e. about one out of every four Union troops was black.

d. blacks were enlisted by the Union army only after the Emancipation Proclamation was issued.

Scholars dispute whether the Civil War marked a watershed in American history for all of the following reasons except: a. regional differences between the North and South continued, even into the present. b. the Civil War may have retarded overall national industrialization rather than advancing it. c. industrial growth of the post-Civil War years had its real roots decades earlier in the Jacksonian era. d. the Union victory did not have a significant effect on the constitutional expansion of federal government power. e. racial inequality persisted long after the war.

d. the Union victory did not have a significant effect on the constitutional expansion of federal government power.

The Union's defeat in battle at Bull Run in 1861 was better than a victory because: a. it allowed European powers the chance to intervene on behalf of the South. b. it caused Lincoln to replace George B. McClellan as commander of the Army of the Potomac. c. Ulysses S. Grant took command of the army immediately after the setback. d. the defeat caused Northerners to face up to the reality of a long, difficult war. e. "Stonewall" Jackson was killed.

d. the defeat caused Northerners to face up to the reality of a long, difficult war.

Arrange the following in chronological order: (A) the Battle of Bull Run, (B) the Battle of Gettysburg, (C) Lee's surrender at Appomattox, and (D) the Battle of Antietam: a. D, B, C, A b. B, C, A, D c. A, B, D, C d. C, A, D, B e. A, D, B, C

e. A, D, B, C

The political group in the North most dangerous to the Union cause was the: a. Northern War Democrats. b. Radical Republicans. c. Union Party. d. African Americans. e. Copperheads.

e. Copperheads.