Unit V Regents Questions

"Kings Nobles Knights Peasants" The illustration represents a society based on (1) social class (2) educational achievement (3) accumulated wealth (4) political ability

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11. What was the most important force in providing unity and stability throughout western Europe during the Middle Ages? (1) church (2) inquisition (3) nobility (4) military

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In western Europe, feudalism developed after the (1) Roman Empire collapsed (2) Renaissance began (3) city of Constantinople fell (4) Mongols invaded

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The Crusades have been called "history's most successful failures: Which statement best explains this expression? (1) The Crusades did not achieve their original goals, but they brought about many desirable changes in Europe. (2) Although the Crusaders captured the Holy land, they were unable to bring about democratic reforms. (3) The Crusades helped bring about the fall of the Roman Empire. (4) The Crusaders prevented the Turks from capturing Constantinople for many centuries.

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The Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the English Bill of Rights were created to (1) limit the power of English monarchs (2) establish laws protecting the rights of Protestants (3) organize England's colonial empire (4) abolish the role of Parliament

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The feudal systems in both medieval Europe and early Japan were characterized by (1) a decentralized political system (2) religious diversity (3) an increased emphasis on education (4) the development of a wealthy middle class

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The primary purpose of the Magna Carta (1215) was to (1) limit the power of King John (2) install Oliver Cromwell as dictator (3) justify the Glorious Revolution (4) charter the British East India Company

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What is a major contribution of the Byzantine Empire to global history? (1) preservation of Greek and Roman culture (2) construction of the pyramids (3) expansion of equal rights (4) invention of writing

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What was an immediate result of the Black Death? (1) labor shortages (2) overseas exploration (3) decrease in anti-Semitism (4) improvements in medical science

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What was one direct result of the Crusades? (1) Trade increased between Europe and the Middle East. (2) Islamic kingdoms expanded into Europe. (3) Arabs and Christians divided the city of Jerusalem between them. (4) Alexander the Great became a powerful leader in Eurasia.

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What was one of the primary reasons for the spread of the bubonic plague? (1) increase in trade (2) colonization of the Americas (3) development of the manorial system (4) economic decline

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Which action is linked to the spread of the Black Death to Europe during the 14th century? (1) trade with Asia (2) conquest of Japan (3) trade across the Sahara (4) exploration of the Western Hemisphere

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Which document limited the power of the English monarchy during the Middle Ages? (1) Magna Carta (2) Twelve Tables (3) Justinian Code (4) Rig Veda

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Which economic system is most closely associated with the activities shown in this art work? (1) manorialism (3) communism (2) capitalism (4) socialism

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Which groups of people were most closely associated with the spread of the Black Death? (1) merchants and pilgrims (3) missionaries and slave traders (2) bankers and explorers (4) soldiers and diplomats

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Base your answers to questions 12 and 13 on the speakers' statements below and on your knowledge of social studies. Speaker A: We must fight to keep control of Jerusalem in the hands of those who believe in Allah. Speaker B: Come and battle while there is still time to protect the Holy Land where Christ walked. Speaker C: We must go forth to heal the split between the churches. Speaker D: An investment in ships and knights will yield control of profitable trade routes. 12) Which speaker expresses a Muslim perspective during the Crusades? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D 13)Which speaker is expressing an economic motive for the Crusades? (1) A (3) C (2) B (4) D

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A direct result of the Crusades was that (1) the pope lost control of the Church (2) Europeans increased their demands for goods from the East (3) Christians gained permanent control of the Holy Land (4) nobles gained power over the monarchs

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A major goal of the Christian Church during the Crusades (1096-1291) was to (1) establish Christianity in western Europe (2) capture the Holy Land from Islamic rulers (3) unite warring Arab peoples (4) strengthen English dominance in the Arab world.

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During the early Middle Ages, western European societies were most influenced by (1) national monarchies (2) the Roman Catholic Church (3) elected parliaments (4) the Byzantine emperors

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One way in which Hammurabi and Justinian are similar is that they successfully (1) established public education systems (2) codified the laws of their empire (3) instituted democratic governments (4) separated church and state

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The Byzantine Empire made its most important contribution to later civilizations by (1) Recognising the Pope as the head of the Byzantine Church (2) Preserving much of the Greco-Roman heritage (3) Establishing trade routes to the Americas (4) Encouraging the spread of Buddhism

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The Magna Carta can be described as a (1) journal about English feudal society (2) list of feudal rights that limited the power of the English monarchy (3) census of all tax-paying nobility in feudal England (4) statement of grievances of the middle class in England

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The bubonic plague affected economic development in medieval times by (1) encouraging the introduction of new types of crops (2) causing production to decline and prices to rise (3) sparking the ideas of socialism and reform (4) destroying the guild system

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The information shown on this map suggests that the Black Death spread to Europe as a result of contact with (1) merchants from western Africa (2) traders from Asia (3) barbarians from Scandinavia (4) explorers returning from the Americas

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The writing of the Magna Carta was a reaction to the (1) economic restrictions under imperialism (2) abuse of power by monarchs (3) missionary work of clergy (4) threats of revolution from colonial governors

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What was a direct result of the Black Death in Europe? (1) The rate of urbanization increased. (2) A shortage of workers developed. (3) Food crops had to be imported from the Americas. (4) German states dominated trade in the eastern Mediterranean.

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Which development is most closely associated with the beginning of the Byzantine Empire? (1) emergence of the Russian Orthodox Church (2) division of the Roman Empire (3) building of the Hagia Sophia (4) fall of Constantinople

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Which heading best completes the partial outline below? A. Decentralized governments B. Widespread usage of manorialism C. Increased power of the Roman Catholic Church (1) Results of the Spanish Reconquista (2) Characteristics of Feudal Europe (3) Essential Traits of the Italian City-States (4) Outcomes of the Glorious Revolution

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Which heading would be best for the partial outline below? I. _____________________________ A. Desire to be released from feudal obligations B. Defense of the Holy Land C. Forgiveness of sins D. Desire for wealth from the Middle East (1) Reasons for the Reformation (2) European Motives for Fighting the Crusades (3) Causes of the Fall of the Roman Empire (4) Reasons for the Split Between the Eastern and Western Churches

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Which institution served as the primary unifying force in medieval western Europe? (1) legislature (2) church (3) monarchy (4) military

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Which statement best characterizes Europe during the early Middle Ages? (1) A centralized government provided law and order. (2) Manorialism developed to meet the people's economic needs. (3) People adopted humanism and questioned the Church. (4) A standardized currency promoted international trade.

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• 1340s—Mongols, merchants, and other travelers carried disease along trade routes west of China. • 1346—The plague reached the Black Sea ports of Caffa and Tana. • 1347—Italian merchants fled plague-infected Black Sea ports. • 1348—The plague became an epidemic in most of western Europe. Which conclusion can be made based on these statements? (1) The plague primarily affected China. (2) The interaction of people spread the plague. (3) Port cities were relatively untouched by the Plague. (4) The plague started in western Europe.

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". . . Christian warriors, He who gave His life for you, today demands yours in return. These are combats worthy of you, combats in which it is glorious to conquer and advantageous to die. Illustrious knights, generous defenders of the Cross, remember the examples of your fathers who conquered Jerusalem, and whose names are inscribed in Heaven; abandon then the things that perish, to gather unfading palms, and conquer a Kingdom which has no end." — St. Bernard of Clairvaux This statement was most likely used to encourage people to (1) repel a Viking invasion (2) stop advancement of the Huns in Europe (3) join the Crusades (4) force Russians to convert to Catholicism

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"Therefore those preachers of indulgences are in error, who say that by the pope's indulgences a man is freed from every penalty, and saved;" Which period in European history is most closely associated with this statement? (1) Roman Empire (2) Crusades (3) Protestant Reformation (4) Enlightenment

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12) . . . The circumference of the city of Constantinople is eighteen miles; one-half of the city being bounded by the continent, the other by the sea, two arms of which meet here; the one a branch or outlet of the Russian, the other of the Spanish sea. Great stir and bustle prevails [dominates] at Constantinople in consequence of the conflux [meeting] of many merchants, who resort thither [come there], both by land and by sea, from all parts of the world for purposes of trade, including merchants from Babylon and from Mesopotamia, from Media and Persia, from Egypt and Palestine, as well as from Russia, Hungary, Patzinakia, Budia, Lombardy and Spain. In this respect the city is equalled only by Baghdad, the metropolis of the Mahometans. . . . — Rabbi Benjamin of Tudela, Manuel Komroff, ed., Contemporaries of Marco Polo, Boni & Liveright This author would most likely agree with the idea that the (1) size of Constantinople limited trade (2) cities of western Europe were more impressive than Constantinople (3) location of Constantinople contributed to its Prosperity (4) government of Constantinople failed to provide order

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A. Crusades B. Fall of the Roman Empire C. Golden Age of Greece D. Renaissance Which sequence of letters places these events in the correct chronological order? (1) A → B → C → D (2) D → C → B → A (3) C → B → A → D (4) C → D → B → A

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As the Black Death spread in the mid-14th century, which region tended to experience the greatest loss of life? (1) rural farms (2) remote villages (3) urban areas (4) mountainous areas

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Based on this map, what is a valid conclusion about the Black Death? (1) Japan was the first place it occurred. (2) The highest casualty rates occurred in Mogadishu and Foochow. (3) People of North Africa, Europe, and Asia were affected by the disease. (4) The outbreak spread primarily from the west to the east.

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Below and on your knowledge of social studies. . . . For many in the contemporary Arab world, the Crusades are viewed as having begun nearly a millennium of conflict with what would become the West. The Crusades are seen as representing the constant threat of Western encroachment [trespassing]. But many scholars say that is a more recent and inaccurate view of the Crusades. . . . — Mike Shuster, reporter, NPR The Medieval Crusades were taken and then turned into something that they never really were in the first place. They were turned into a kind of a proto-imperialism, an attempt to bring the fruits of European civilization to the Middle East, when, in fact, during the Middle Ages the great sophisticated and wealthy power was the Muslim world. Europe was the Third World. . . . - Thomas Madden, St. Louis University These statements indicate that the history of the Crusades (1) has been neglected by experts (2) was of little importance (3) is the subject of debate and interpretation (4) illustrates the importance of tolerance and understanding

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Charlemagne's 9th century empire covered territory which today would include the countries of (1) Poland and Russia (2) Spain and Portugal (3) France and Germany (4) Ireland and the United Kingdom

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Constantinople became the center of the Byzantine Empire because (1) the pope had made it the capital of the Christian world (2) it was a religious center for Muslims (3) its location made it the crossroads of Europe and Asia (4) it was geographically isolated from surrounding empires

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Constantinople's location on the Bosporus Strait was one reason that the Byzantine Empire was able to (1) conquer the Russian city of Moscow (2) spread Judaism throughout western Europe (3) control key trade routes between Europe and Asia (4) unite the Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches

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In general, in which direction did the Black Death spread during the 14th century? (1) from Europe to the Americas (2) from Africa to Southeast Asia (3) from Asia to Europe (4) from the Americas to Asia

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One way in which the Magna Carta, the Petition of Right, and the Glorious Revolution are similar is that each (1) strengthened the power of the pope (2) led to the exploration of Africa (3) limited the power of the English monarchy (4) settled religious conflicts

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The 1453 conquest of Constantinople is an important turning point in global history because it (1) ushered in Pax Romana (2) began the Middle Ages (3) contributed to the rise of the Ottoman Empire (4) signified the end of the Napoleonic Wars

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The Magna Carta, the Glorious Revolution, and the writings of John Locke all contributed to Great Britain's development of (1) absolute monarchy (2) ethnic rivalries (3) parliamentary democracy (4) imperialist policies

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What was one result of large armies traveling great distances during the Crusades? (1) Europe's population severely declined. (2) Democracy in the Middle East grew. (3) Cultural diffusion increased. (4) Slavery was eliminated.

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Which area of Europe was least affected by the Black Death? (based on map) (1) southwestern Europe (2) Mediterranean Coast (3) eastern Europe (4) British Isles

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Which circumstance best describes a long-term result of the Crusades? (1) Muslim control of Jerusalem ended. (2) Feudalism began in western Europe. (3) Cultural exchanges between the Middle East and Europe grew. (4) Christians and Muslims achieved a lasting peace.

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Which political system is best described in the outline below? A. Decentralized government B. Based on loyalty and service C. Code of chivalry D. Military elite (1) Oligarchy (2) Absolutism (3) Feudalism (4) Democracy

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Which statement about the Mongol Empire is accurate? (1) The Mongols developed a highly technological society that emphasized formal education. (2) European monarchies became a model for the early Mongol governments. (3) Pax Mongolia led to regional stability, increasing trade on the Silk Road. (4) The Mongols adopted Roman Catholicism as the official religion of the empire.

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Which statement about the social structure in Europe during the Middle Ages is most accurate? (1) The Nobles encouraged social mobility (2) The practices in the catholic church led to the development of a classless society. (3) Sharp class distinctions divided european society. (4) Industrialization led to the growth of socialism throughout Europe.

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Which statement accurately describes the actions of Muslims during the Crusades? (1) Most Muslims converted to Christianity. (2) Muslims attacked and conquered Constantinople. (3) Muslims defended Jerusalem because it was sacred to them. (4) Many Muslims visited Europe for the first time to obtain luxury goods.

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"Emperor Shogun Daimyo Samurai Peasants, artisans Merchants Which type of political and social order is shown in this diagram? (1) theocratic (3) fascist (2) tribal (4) feudal

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"Kings Nobles Knights Peasants" This illustration suggests that the European feudal system was (1) designed to promote political and economic equality (2) controlled by a powerful middle class (3) intended to provide opportunities for social mobility (4) supported by the labor of the peasants

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A major contribution of the Byzantine Empire was the (1) invention of the wheel and gunpowder (2) participation of citizens in government (3) diffusion of Hindu beliefs (4) preservation of Greek science and Roman engineering

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A primary goal of European Crusaders fighting in the Middle East was to (1) establish markets for Italian merchants (2) rescue Pope Urban II from the Byzantines (3) halt the advance of Mongol armies in the Asian steppes (4) secure access to Christian holy sites in Jerusalem

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During the feudal period in Europe, power and position in society were based on the (1) amount of money earned (2) level of education achieved (3) number of slaves owned (4) amount of land possessed

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One result of the Crusades was an increase in trade between the Middle East and (1) East Asia (3) North America (2) Africa (4) Europe

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The Roman Catholic Church during the Middle Ages in Europe can best be described as a church that (1) favored separation from secular governments. (2) avoided involvement in social and educational matters. (3) was a strong force that divided many people (4) was a stabilizing influence during a period of weak central governments

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The strategic location of the Byzantine Empire allowed control of the key trade routes between the (1) South China Sea and the Strait of Malacca (2) Caspian Sea and the Indian Ocean (3) North Sea and the English Channel (4) Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea

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What is considered one of the Byzantine Empire's greatest contributions to western European society? (1) spreading Hinduism throughout the region (2) supporting the Catholic Church (3) defeating the Mongols at Kiev (4) preserving Greek and Roman culture

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Which group used the stirrup, skilled horsemanship, and siege warfare techniques to conquer much of Asia and part of Europe in the 12th and 13th centuries? (1) Japanese (3) Persians (2) Vikings (4) Mongols

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Which historical events are in the correct chronological order? (1) Crusades Æ Renaissance Æ Neolithic Revolution Æ Roman Empire (2) Roman Empire Æ Neolithic Revolution Æ Crusades Æ Renaissance (3) Renaissance Æ Neolithic Revolution Æ Crusades Æ Roman Empire (4) Neolithic Revolution Æ Roman Empire Æ Crusades Æ Renaissance

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Which situation is considered a cause of the other three? (1) Development of a European middle class (2) Increase in European demand for Eastern goods (3) European renewal of interest in learning (4) European involvement in the Crusades

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Which statement best describes the role of the Roman Catholic Church in Europe during the Middle Ages? (1) The Church encouraged individuals to question authority. (2) Church leaders were only involved in spiritual activities. (3) The Church gained influence as people became more interested in secular affairs. (4) The Church provided a sense of stability, unity, and order.

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• Location — included lands surrounding the eastern Mediterranean Sea • People — Turks, Arabs, Greeks, Muslims, Christians, and Jews • Nickname during the 19th and early 20th centuries — "Sick Man of Europe" Which empire is described by these characteristics? (1) Gupta (2) Mongol (3) Roman (4) Ottoman

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