Upper GI

A client presents to the clinic reporting vomiting and burning in her mid epigastria. The nurse knows that in the process of confirming peptic ulcer disease, the health care provider is likely to order a diagnostic test to detect the presence of what? a. Infection with Helicobacter pylori b. Excessive stomach acid secretion c. An incompetent pyloric sphincter d. A metabolic acid-base imbalance

A

A client who experienced an upper GI bleed due to gastritis has had the bleeding controlled and the client's condition is now stable. For the next several hours, the nurse caring for this client should assess for what signs and symptoms of recurrence? a. Tachycardia, hypotension, and tachypnea b. Tarry, foul-smelling stools c. Diaphoresis and sudden onset of abdominal pain d. Sudden thirst, unrelieved by oral fluid administration

A

A client with GERD has undergone diagnostic testing and it has been determined that increasing the pace of gastric emptying may help alleviate symptoms. The nurse should anticipate that the client may be prescribed what drug? a. Metoclopramide b. Omeprazole c. Lansoprazole d. Calcium carbonate

A

A client with a cholelithiasis has been scheduled for a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Why is laparoscopic cholecystectomy preferred by surgeons over an open procedure? a. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy poses fewer surgical risks than an open procedure. b. Laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be performed in a clinic setting, while an open procedure requires an OR. c. A laparoscopic approach allows for the removal of the entire gallbladder. d. A laparoscopic approach can be performed under conscious sedation.

A

A client's abdominal ultrasound indicates cholelithiasis. When the nurse is reviewing the client's laboratory studies, what finding is most closely associated with this diagnosis? a. Increased bilirubin b. Decreased serum cholesterol c. Increased blood urea nitrogen(BUN) d. Decreased serum alkaline phosphatase level

A

A nurse is assisting with serving dinner trays on the unit. Upon receiving the dinner tray for a client admitted with acute gallbladder inflammation, the nurse will question which of the following foods on the tray? a. Fried chicken b. Mashed potatoes c. Dinner roll d. Tapioca pudding

A

A patient with a diagnosis of peptic ulcer disease has just been prescribed omeprazole (Prilosec). How should the nurse best describe this medication's therapeutic action? a."This medication will reduce the amount of acid secreted in your stomach." b."This medication will make the lining of your stomach more resistant to damage." c."This medication will specifically address the pain that accompanies peptic ulcer disease." d."This medication will help your stomach lining to repair itself."

A

A patient with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has a diagnosis of Barrett's esophagus and has been admitted to a medical unit. The nurse is writing a care plan for this patient. What information is essential to include? a. He will need to undergo an upper endoscopy every 6 months to detect malignant changes. b. Liver enzymes must be checked regularly as H2 receptor antagonists may cause hepatic damage. c. Small amounts of blood are likely to be present in his stools and should not cause concern. d. Antacids may be discontinued when symptoms of heartburn subside

A

Cancer of the esophagus is most often diagnosed by which of the following? a. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)with biopsy and brushings b. X-ray c. Barium swallow d. Fluoroscopy

A

Diagnostic imaging and physical assessment have revealed that a client with peptic ulcer disease has suffered a perforated ulcer. The nurse recognizes that emergency interventions must be performed as soon as possible in order to prevent the development of what complication? a. Peritonitis b. Gastritis c. Gastroesophageal reflux d. Acute pancreatitis

A

The nurse is admitting a client whose medication regimen includes regular injections of vitamin B12. The nurse should question the client about a history of: a. total gastrectomy. b. bariatric surgery. c. diverticulitis d. gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

A

A nurse is preparing a client for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). The client asks what this test is used for. Which statements by the nurse explains how ERCP can determine the difference between pancreatitis and other biliary disorders? Select all that apply. a. "It can evaluate the presence and location of ductal stones and aid in stone removal." b. "It is used in the diagnostic evaluation of acute pancreatitis." c. "It can assess the anatomy of the pancreas and the pancreatic and biliary ducts." d. "It can detect unhealthy tissues in the pancreas and assess for abscesses and pseudocysts." e. "It can assess for ecchymosis in the body."

A, C, D

Diagnostic testing has attributed a middle-aged man's peptic ulcer to Helicobacter pylori, and the man has been prescribed a therapeutic drug regimen. Which of the following drug families will form the basis of the man's drug therapy? Select all that apply. a. Antibiotics b. Prokinetics (GI stimulants) c. Antiemetics d. Antacids e. Protonpumpinhibitors

A, E

A nurse is caring for a patient who has had bariatric surgery and is developing a teaching plan for the patient. Which information is essential for the nurse to include in this teaching? a. Drink a minimum of 90mL(3oz)of fluid with each meal. b. Eat six small meals daily spaced at equal intervals. c. Choose foods high in simple carbohydrates. d. Limit calories to no more than 3,000 daily.

B

A patient comes to the bariatric clinic to obtain information about bariatric surgery. The nurse assesses the obese patient knowing that, in addition to meeting the criterion of morbid obesity, a candidate for bariatric surgery must also demonstrate what? a. Knowledge of the causes of obesity and its associated risks b. Emotional stability and understanding of required lifestyle changes. c. Positive body image and high self-esteem d. Insight into why their past weight loss efforts failed

B

A staff educator is reviewing the causes of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with new staff nurses. What area of the GI tract should the educator identify as the cause of reduced pressure associated with GERD? a. Pyloric sphincter b. Lower esophageal sphincter c. Hypopharyngeal sphincter d. Upper esophageal sphincter

B

A nurse is providing care for a client who is postoperative day 2 following gastric surgery. The nurse's assessment should be planned in light of the possibility of what potential complications? Select all that apply. a. Malignant hyperthermia b. Atelectasis c. Pneumonia d. Hemorrhage e. Chronic gastritis

B, C, D

A nurse is caring for a client with cholelithiasis. Which sign indicates obstructive jaundice? a. Straw-colored urine b. Reduced hematocrit c. Clay-colored stools d. Elevated urobilinogen in the urine

C

A nurse is completing a health history on a client whose diagnosis is chronic gastritis. Which of the data should the nurse consider most significantly related to the etiology of the client's health problem? a. Consumes one or more protein drinks daily. b. Takes over-the-counter antacids frequently throughout the day. c. Smokes one pack of cigarettes daily. d. Reports a history of social drinking on a weekly basis

C

A client is diagnosed with a hiatal hernia. Which statement indicates effective client teaching about hiatal hernia and its treatment? a. "I'll eat three large meals everyday without any food restrictions." b. "I'll lie down immediately after a meal." c. "I'll gradually increase the amount of heavy lifting I do." d. "I'll eat frequent, small, bland meals that are high in fiber."

D