URBAN PLANNING

Lewis Mumford

City at the very center of Western civilization Cities are places of symbols (eg. burial sites); City embodies the culture Not an evolution, modern cities were not better

We respond to the city

IN our own unique way, using common strategies ,based on our social characteristics

An urban network is

INTERPERSONAL TIES

The relationship between the city and its countryside

Interdependance, economic Country provides raw materials, city provides finished good and services

Peking during the Ming Dynasty: the city's ability to intensify culture ▪ Physical structure ▪ Symbolism

Hellenic Athens: rich civilization a short period of time ▪ The pre-classic period ▪ The golden age ▪ Behind the glory

Which of the following statements about social movements and cities are true?

. Social movements have benefitted from the degree of social interaction in cities b. The Urban League is an example of a city initiated social movement c. City initiated social movements can have local impacts, national impacts or both.

For all intents and purposes, largescale industrialism began in England about

1750

According to Daniel J. Monti, in the urban way of life, the many different types of people have found an appropriate form of public behavior that enables them to get along with each other. Monti refers to this as

CIVIL CULTURE

The text points out that much of the population of the city initially came from the

COUNTRYSIDE

Which of the following would be found in the plaza mayor in a Latin American colonial city?

Catholic church government offices wealthy residences

_________ are privately operated and with less state regulation, so that teachers and administrators can try out new teaching strategies.

Charter schools

Gerald Suttles argues that the images that people have about cities are

OBJECTIVE REALITY

The text uses a small town in upstate New York as an example of urban dominance in a more subtle fashion. The pseudonym for this community is

SPRINGDALE

For the city dweller during the Industrial Revolution, the most important change was

THE INVENTION OF THE FACTORY

In his writings, Charles Dickens used a phrase that summarized what so worried Engels about the capitalist city: that it reduced everything in life to objective facts and quantity. This phrase is

YOU ARE NEVER TO FANCY

ChineseAmericans

a. account for 1% of the total U.S. population Correct

Classical Athens stood as a monument to

a. free citizens participation in government Correct

Which of the following did not contribute to black migration to the North?

a. urban decentralization

Female participation in the labor force

a. was very limited among upper and middleclass women throughout the 19th century Correct

Mexican Americans

account for 34 percent of Los Angeles population

Sweat Equity

allows individuals with low income to invest in a residence.

The housing problem is characterized by

an insufficient number of low rent housing units. changes in the housing market. c. an increase in the proportion of high rent housing units.

British sections of dual cities

are typically arranged in a grid pattern. have a railroad run through them.

Which city did Louis Mumford describe as a far richer efflorescence of human genius than history anywhere else records, except perhaps for Renaissance Florence?

b. Hellenic Athens Correct

Which of the following is NOT a stereotype associated with suburban life?

b. The majority of people in the United States live outside the city

Chicagos access to other areas of the country through railroads and water systems, allowed it to become:

b. a large manufacturing center Correct

Stanley Milgram listed all of the following items as having an impact on how people draw their mental maps of a city EXCEPT

b. discussions with others

Gerald Suttless study of the Addams area on Chicagos West Side suggests that

b. each ethnic or racial group claim their own territory

Latin American cities lag far behind those in Europe, Canada, and the United States because

b. most Latin American cities never developed much of an industrial base.

Since 1960, the majority of immigrants have been

b. people of color

Native Americans who migrate to the city:

b. quickly earn higher income

Islamic cities declined after the Middle Ages due to

b. topsoil depletion

European powers sought to change the Middle East by

b. trading with it.

What are the two megacities featured in the documentary you are assigned to watch?

c. Mumbai and Rio de Janeiro

The Hull House

c. addressed the needs of immigrant women and families

The height of the Great Immigration period took place

c. between 1880 and 1910

The Chicago political machine

c. focused on maintaining the quality of the central business district

The image of a city, as defined by Kevin Lynch, is the

c. generalized mental picture of the citys external physical world Correct

Herrnstein and Murray argue that

c. inner city residents are more likely to commit crime because of their lower IQ.

Virginia Scheins single mothers on public assistance all

c. were working or had some work experience

Oscar Newman found that crime rates

could be reduced by improving architectural design.

Primate cities develop most often in

countries that were or are under foreign control.

social class, race

different entertainment, housing, blacks frequently favor communities where they are numerical minority. white rate mixed-race less desirable

People form images of cities by

distinguishing between physical locations in the city c. organizing the physical locations in a meaningful way

Primacy ratio is computed by

dividing the primate citys population by the population of the second largest city.

Colonization has several common legacies. Which of the following is/are among these legacies?

economic political national boundaries

Puerto Ricans:a.

enjoy open migration privileges Correct

Carol Stack found in her study of poor African Americans that they

established an extensive network of cooperation and mutual aid

Black white residential segregation

explains inter city variations in the black murder rate.

The process known as chain migration, describes the idea that:

immigrants tend to settle near friends and relatives

According to the text, in global perspective, Africa

is a continent in crisis;is the least urbanized;continent.has the highest rate of increase in urbanization.

Throughout the 1800s, most of the United States black population

lived in the South and in rural areas

The worlds largest urban agglomerations are also referred to as

megacities.

Within urban areas, crime is

most concentrated in poor neighborhoods.

Pedestrian traffic in the United States is characterized by all of the following EXCEPT people walk blindly into traffic Correct

people scold one another for breaking the social rules people note the speed at which others are walking people alert others of their location to avoid collisions

Stanley Migram's

personal experiences,interest, socially recognized areas of importance,

We make sense of the city by responding to its

physical form, gesellschaft,gemeinschaft characteristics

The Section 8 Program

provides rent subsidies to low-income tenants.

Edward Banfield argues that

residents irresponsible behavior is often to blame for the lack of public housing success.

Some school districts offer parents credit that is equal to the states share of the cost of educating a child. This strategy is referred to as

school vouchers.

Karl and Alma Taeubers study shows that

segregation can be measured by an index of dissimilarity

The federal housing programs of the New Deal had all but which of the following goals?

seize decaying areas and give them to developers willing to rehabilitate them

Prior to the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001, most urban schools had a policy of__________, moving children through grades with their age peers regardless of their actual learning achievement.

social promotions

Which of the following is/are among the common problems of the cities of the developing world?

spiraling populations quality of life problems shantytowns

Identifying with the city is aided by

sports teams,festivals negative historical events HELP RESIDENTS TO IDENTIFY W/T CITY

The New Urbanism is sometimes criticized for

the fact that it reduces the number of low income housing units

Deterioration of buildings in inner city occurs because

their maintenance represents more costs than rental income warrants.

The chief reason for the loss of life among Latin American natives in the 16th century was

wars with the Spanish and Portuguese colonists. diseases imported from Europe.

Early African cities typically

were linked by trade. b. had narrow and winding streets. c. had rich and poor living next to one another.

__________ refers to conformity to opinions that supposedly reflect group consensus and control through many eyes of each persons action.

Groupthink

The fastest growing nonwhite population group in the United States is made up of:

HISPANICS

Highly developed urban centers were present in Africa as long ago as

3000 B C E

In the 5th century B.C.E., the city of Athens had a population of roughly

350000

In 2006, foreign born people represented __________ percent of Miamis total population.

57.7

Besides coping with the citys sheer numbers, urbanites also must learn to deal with anonymity, since we live in what Lyn Lofland calls __________.

A WORLD OF STRANGERS

__________________ is one of the largest slums in the world.

DHARAVI

What is comparative urbanism?

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN CITIES EXPLAINED BY CULTURE

Ming Peking was based on

ELABORATE CHINESE COSMOLOGY

Most urban poor try to cope with the harsh realities of life through

FORMING SOCIAL NEWTWORKS

All but which of the following groups contribute to the Muslim population in Canada?

FRANCE

Based on historical and comparative evidence, __________ argued that the city has been at the very center of Western civilization from its beginnings.

LEWIS MUMFORD

Friedrich Engels spoke of which English city with these words: ...it is a city in which one can roam for hours without leaving the builtup area and without seeing the slightest sign of the approach of open country.

LONDON

What are the four main types of scenes?

Local scenes, Open scenes Specialized scene, Lifestyle scene

__________ offer special programs to attract students from many districts to achieve integration.

Magnet schools

Now a city of 12 million people, Beijing was formerly called

PEKING

The Inca civilization was based in what is now

PERU

List and explain the five common elements of cities that help the imageability of cities.

Paths, Edge,districts,s Nodes Landmarks

Gentrification

Refers to the movement of more affluent North Americans back into older, decaying areas of the city.

Oswald Spengler spoke of the __________ of the city.

SOUL

Oswald Spengler

The rise and fall of civilization; Each civilization dominated by a city; Cities become increasingly dominant because everything human converges there

Government intervention in housing began

W/T NEW DEAL