Urinary System (Part 1) HW

Which structure(s) is/are confined to the renal medulla?

The thin segments of the nephron loop (loop of Henle.)

Which of these statements concerning peritubular capillaries is FALSE?

They are adapted for secretion.

What happens in tubular resorption?

Most nutrients, water, and essential ions are returned to the blood renal capillaries

Why is blood pressure in the glomerulus higher than in other capillary beds?

Arterioles are high-resistance blood vessels, and the efferent arteriole is narrower than the afferent arteriole.

Which segment of the nephron has a simple squamous epithelium?

descending limb, in the nephron loop

The function of the collecting duct is to

determine the final volume and concentration of urine.

The microvilli along the luminal surface of the proximal convoluted tubule __________.

increase the total surface area of proximal convoluted tubules and maximize their capacity for resorbing water, ions, and solute from the filtrate

Cup-shaped tubes that enclose the papillae of the pyramids.

minor calyx

Which of the following supportive tissues is most superficial?

pararenal fat

Before it enters the ureter, urine collects in the

renal pelvis

The descriptive term for the location of the kidneys relative to the abdominal cavity.

retroperitoneal

The only region of a nephron where__________ takes place is the glomerulus.

filtration

The uniqueness of the__________ , when compared to other capillary beds, is that it is both fed and drained by arterioles.

glomerulus

The medial concave cleft in which vessels, ureters, and nerves enter/leave the kidney.

hilum

85% of nephrons are described by this term that relates to their location in the kidney.

cortical

Renal corpuscles __________.

consist of a glomerulus and a glomerular capsule

Which structure helps maintain the shape of the kidneys, and forms a barrier that prevents spread of infection from surrounding regions?

the fibrous capsule

An important difference between a cuboidal epithelial cell of the proximal versus the distal convoluted tubules is that

the proximal tubule cells have long microvilli that are fewer than or absent from the distal tubule cells

An important difference between the peritubular capillaries and the vasa recta in the kidney is that

the vasa recta are in the medulla, whereas the peritubular capillaries are in the cortex.