US History Ch 18 1302

Mexican immigrants in the early twentieth century

a. moved to the West.

Pragmatics intended to do which of the following?

a. scientifically evaluate public policy

Henry George introduced a slate of political changes known as the Oregon System. The system included which of the following?

d. initiative, referendum, and recall

What was John Dewey's philosophy?

d. pragmatism

What made Eugene Debs a successful leader?

a. He unified a diverse group of people for the socialist cause.

What was one accomplishment of the Society of American Indians?

a. It created a pan-Indian public space independent of white control.

Where is Ellis Island located?

a. New York

During the Progressive era, urban areas expanded rapidly. What happened in rural areas?

a. They lived a "Golden Age" due to the increased demand for farm goods.

In the South, why did reformers argue for the end of child labor in textile mills?

a. To support white supremacy, these children needed to be in schools.

The "living wage" and the "American standard of living" were an outgrowth of

a. a mature consumer economy.

Theodore Roosevelt's New Nationalism

a. embraced women's suffrage.

Where was the focus of Progressive politics?

a. in the cities

The Triangle Shirtwaist fire

a. led to legislation aimed at improving factory safety standards.

Newspaper and magazine writers who exposed the ills of industrial and urban life, fueling the Progressive movement, were known as

a. muckrakers.

The Progressive era's birth-control movement was characterized by

a. public lectures on sexual freedom and contraception by activists such as Emma Goldman.

Which of the following was an expression of personal freedom in the Progressive era?

a. the lifestyle of the inhabitants of Greenwich Village

How did mass consumption in the Progressive era result in new consumer freedoms?

b. Department stores provided city residents with access to electric washing machines.

In what way was William Howard Taft a Progressive president?

b. He initiated the trust-busting of Standard Oil.

In regard to labor, what did Ford do for his workers?

b. He paid more than double the wages paid by other factory owners.

What is true of The Shame of the Cities (1904) by Lincoln Steffens?

b. It was disparaged as muckraking

Why did the Socialist Party gain significant political influence during the Progressive era?

b. Jewish and other immigrant laborers supported its fight against economic exploitation of workers.

Which of the following statements about mass consumption in the early twentieth century is true?

b. The promise of mass consumption became the foundation for a new understanding of freedom.

How did Louis Brandeis characterize labor unions?

b. Unions represented freedom for workers.

In Muller v. Oregon, the Supreme Court

b. argued that women were too weak to work long hours.

The Sixteenth Amendment

b. authorized a graduated income tax.

Feminism

b. first entered the political vocabulary during the Progressive era.

After 1900, the campaign for women's suffrage

b. included both middle- and working-class women.

Pragmatism

b. insisted that institutions should be judged by concrete effects.

In the early twentieth century, the Socialist Party advocated which of the following?

b. legislation to improve the condition of laborers

President Theodore Roosevelt

b. proposed to strengthen the Interstate Commerce Commission

The Progressive movement drew its strength from

b. reformers and social scientists.

Life in the urban areas was characterized by

b. sharp inequalities.

Most immigrants who arrived in America sought "freedom" because

b. they wanted to exchange poverty for economic opportunity.

The battle for free speech among workers in the early twentieth century

b. was led by the Industrial Workers of the World.

According to Theodore Roosevelt, which was the fundamental capacity people should have to participate in democracy?

c. "self-control"

Why did Samuel Gompers seek to forge closer ties with forward-looking corporate leaders?

c. He wanted to stabilize employer-employee relations.

What did Robert M. La Follette emphasize in regard to Progressive government?

c. Impartial experts such as college professors needed to play a role.

How did nickelodeons reflect a mass-consumption society in the Progressive era?

c. Nickelodeons offered a popular and less expensive leisure activity for urban residents.

Why did millions of American farm families migrate westward from 1900 to 1910?

c. The availability of free land meant more opportunities for commercial farming in the West.

Why did Carlos Montezuma call for the abolition of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in 1916?

c. The bureau had failed to secure Indian self-determination.

The writer whose work encouraged the passage of the Meat Inspection Act was

c. Upton Sinclair.

In "The Workingman's Conception of Industrial Liberty," what does John Mitchell say about wages?

c. Workers should be able to provide for their families and themselves with their wages.

In the first decade of the twentieth century, American farm communities

c. entered a "golden age" because of rising urban demand for farm goods.

The Progressive era was a period of explosive growth. Which of the following fueled this process?

c. expansion of the consumer market

As the consumer age started, what buzzwords did many companies use to sell their products?

c. freedom and liberty

By 1912, the Socialist Party

c. had elected scores of local officials.

The Progressive governor of Wisconsin, Robert M. La Follette, instituted which of the following reforms?

c. regulating railroads and utilities

Striking working women in Lawrence, Massachusetts,

c. sent their children out of town while they went on strike.

In his first term as president, what did Theodore Roosevelt use to challenge J. P. Morgan's western railroads?

c. the Sherman Antitrust Act

Charlotte Perkins Gilman claimed that the road to woman's freedom lay in

c. the workplace.

Which of the following statements about Jane Addams and Hull House is true?

d. Addams established employment bureaus and health clinics.

What role did Hiram Johnson play as a Progressive?

d. As governor of California, he secured passage of the Public Utilities Act.

Which statement about the textile strike in Lawrence, Massachusetts, in 1912 is correct?

d. Children of the striking workers publicly marched up New York's Fifth Avenue.

Why did Progressive reformers think they had much to learn from the Old World?

d. Germans had pioneered several measures of social legislation.

What in Margaret Sanger's early life likely motivated her activism as an adult?

d. Her mother gave birth to eleven children.

Which of the following statements about the Oregon System is correct?

d. It initiated the nation's first and most long-lasting sales tax.

Which of the following was a female progressive reformer?

d. Jane Addams

Why did President Taft fire Gifford Pinchot?

d. Pinchot accused the Taft administration of with corporations to hurt the environment.

Which of the following contradictions plagued Progressive reformers' ideas on the political process?

d. Progressive reformers worked both to expand the electorate and to shrink its size through other measures.

Why did workers experience the introduction of scientific management as a loss of freedom?

d. Skilled workers under scientific management had to obey very detailed instructions.

Which statement about the American Federation of Labor in the early twentieth century is correct?

d. The AFL mainly represented the most privileged American workers.

Which of the following statements about urban Progressives is true?

d. They sought to improve public transportation.

Why did businesses support the Pure Food and Drug Act?

d. They understood that greater public confidence in the quality of their products helped sales.

What characteristic of Woodrow Wilson appeared to Theodore Roosevelt's supporters to be a relic of the past?

d. Wilson was committed to programs that aided small-business owners and that seemed to deny the inevitability of economic concentration.

What piece of evidence might Louis D. Brandeis have used to support his argument in Muller v. Oregon?

d. a scientific study showing that women shovel coal at half the rate that men shovel

Electoral reform during the Progressive era

d. actually limited many Americans' right to vote.

John Muir did which of the following?

d. founded the Sierra Club to help preserve forests

During the Progressive era,

d. growing numbers of native-born white women worked in offices.

"Birds of passage" were

d. immigrants who only lived in the United States temporarily.

The word "Progressivism" came into common use around 1910

d. to refer to a group of people who wanted to bring change to America.

What brought about a new wave of sympathy for the plight of women in the garment industry in Lawrence, Massachusetts?

e. The appearance of malnourished children who had been evacuated from Lawrence shocked the public.

Why were many Americans drawn to the Socialist Party in the election of 1912?

e. The party's proposal to nationalize railroads and banks, and to provide unemployment relief, expressed popular Progressive thought.

Why did the Wilson administration impose a graduated income tax in 1913?

e. The substantial reduction of duties on imports required Wilson to make up for lost revenue.

What did passage of the Seventeenth Amendment entail?

e. U.S. senators were now chosen by popular vote.

A typical Mexican immigrant in the early twentieth century might hold what occupation?

e. a railroad laborer

The Industrial Workers of the World

e. advocated a workers' revolution.

What Progressive-era issue became a crossroads where the paths of labor radicals, cultural modernists, and feminists intersected?

e. birth control

Theodore Roosevelt wanted immigrants to "Americanize." How were they supposed to do it?

e. by abandoning the culture and customs of their home country

The term "Fordism"

e. describes an economic system based on mass production and mass consumption.

What did Progressives see as the chief restriction on liberty?

e. economics

Most new immigrants who arrived during the early years of the twentieth century

e. lived in close-knit communities.

Progressive-era immigration was part of a larger process of worldwide migration set in motion by which of the following forces?

e. political turmoil

During the Progressive era,

e. the United States received a large number of immigrants from southern and eastern Europe.