US History Chapter 11

27. Which best describes the "gang" labor that many slaves performed on large plantations?

Large groups of slaves worked from sunrise to sunset under a white overseer.

1. The leader of the 1831 slave uprising in Southampton County, Virginia, was ________.

Nat Turner

37. Which practice provides the best evidence against the idea of benevolent planters who looked after the best welfare of their slaves?

Planters often broke up families and sold family members to distant plantations... jerks

34. In which way did the richest plantation families resemble a traditional landed aristocracy?

Planters' sons chose military or law careers rather than going into trade... aka, spoiled brats

26. Which identifies an important effect of the violent slave rebellion of 1831?

White Southerners became more committed to quashing antislavery ideas.

13. Who was the typical small slaveholder?

a farmer

18. As southern opinion about the morality of slavery changed during the 1830's, people began to describe slavery as _____________

a positive good.

22. The institution of slavery became even more entrenched in the South because of the increasing importance of ________.

short-staple cotton

31. The Brer Rabbit stories ________.

showed how a defenseless animal could overcome a stronger one through cunning and deceit, a metaphor for survival as a slave

41. Hinton R. Helper tried to convince southern yeoman farmers that_________

slavery actually reduced their standard of living.

4. In African-American families in which husband and wife were often separated, who was typically considered the head of the family?

the mother

21. The internal slave trade in the United States ran from ________.

the upper South to the lower South

42.Non-slaveholders in the South followed the leadership of slaveowners because they_________?

they wanted to be slaveholders themselves

16. What was one goal of the American Colonization Society?

to enact gradual voluntary

39. The prosperity of the southern yeoman was limited by the lack of

transportation facilities

14. The yeoman farmers of the South ________.

were located primarily in the backcountry

12. Most southern whites ________.

were nonslaveholding yeoman farmers

19. At the time of the Civil War, there were approximately ________ slaves in the South.

4,000,000

29. Which identifies an advantage to slaves living on large plantations with stable slave populations?

Families stayed intact and both parents typically shared in the child- rearing duties.

49.why did many yeoman farmers feel resentment toward rich planters, yet still support the institution of slavery?

Having slavery gave poor white farmers a feeling of social superiority over blacks.

8. The typical way for most slaves to express discontent was ________.

Passive Resistance... that'a'boy

9. If a former slave could not prove he or she had been legally freed, then he or she was likely to be ________.

Re-enslaved

20. The most profitable commodity bought and sold in the upper tier of southern states was ________.

Slaves

28. Which description best describes the "task" labor that many slaves performed on large plantations?

Slaves worked at their own pace with little supervision during an eight-hour day.

50.which statement best describes a major disadvantage to the extensive cotton production that took place in the deep south

The focus on a single industry that was profitable only to a small minority prevented industrial and commercial growth.

38. Why would most slaves typically prefer living and working on a plantation rather than a small farm?

There were often better living conditions on plantations.

3. What did the young children of plantation slaves do while their parents worked?

They often accompanied their parents and were cared for by older children.

32. Free blacks in the south were

abilitionists/persectuted

44. Southern apologists claimed the master-slave relationship was more human than employer-worker relationships because it________

afforded greater long-term security.

7. What was the Underground Railroad?

an informal network of people that helped fugitive slaves make their way to the North

17. How did apologists describe the institution of slavery before the 1830s?

as a necessary evil

2.The majority of slaves worked ________.

as field workers

35. Most southern planters considered their slaves to be ________.

children who required constant supervision

48. White southerners in the 18 30s began portraying free blacks as savages because they were trying to

convince themselves that slavery was morally justifiable.

23. The invention that permitted the great expansion of cotton cultivation was the ________.

cotton gin

47. The cotton economy of the lower south_______

did not create uniform prosperity throughout the region.

5. slaves usually named their children after _______________, which illustrated the importance of ______________________

grandparents; family

45. When tabacco prices sagged after 1820,______

large numbers of surplus slaves were sold from the upper South to the lower South

25. Who profited most from the union of slavery and cotton production?

large plantation owners

11. Planters who owned large plantation houses with at least fifty slaves made up ______ percent of the white population in the South in 1860.

less than 10

15. What was the primary source of income for most yeoman farmers?

livestock... moo

6.the typical runaway slave was

looking for family, a young single man

30. During the Second Seminole War of 1835-1842 ________.

many escaped slaves hiding in Florida fought with the Native Americans against the U.S. soldiers

33. The typical great planter of the pre-Civil War South was ________.

most likely a self-made man

24. During the nineteenth century, the center of cotton production ________.

moved westward

10. At the time of the Civil War, ________.

one quarter of white Southerners owned slaves