Use and Effects of Drugs Chapter 3 DHB
Elixer Sulfanilamide
107 individuals died from the use of this drug and the chemist committed suicide
Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)
1st law that regulated food and drugs in the US
Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)
Accompanied by the Meat inspection act of 1906
Drug Abuse Control Amendments of 1965
Addressed control of traffic in illicit, non-narcotic drugs in several ways
Anti-Drug Abuse Act 1988
Aimed at reducing the demand of drugs as opposed to controlling the supply
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994
Amended the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938)
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994
Broadened definition of dietary supplements to include •Vitamins, minerals, proteins •Herbs and herbal extracts
Drug Abuse Control Amendments of 1965
Brought amphetamines, barbiturates, other non-narcotic stimulants and depressants with a potential for abuse, hallucinogens, and counterfeit drugs under special control
Combat Methamphetamine Act of 2005
Came into law on March 9, 2006
Title III
Changed the law and penalties regarding import and exportation of controlled substances and criminal forfeiture( being when government confiscates property involved with crime, including drugs).
Comprehensive Drug Abuse and Prevention Act of 1970
Consists of Title II and III. - classifies and outlaws certain drugs - creates a legal basis on the war on drugs
Anti-Drug Abuse Act (1986 & 1988)
Contributed to the huge growth in prison population and added both amendments on the Controlled Substances Act - mandatory prison sentences for drug possession
Narcotic Control Act 1956
Created to amend previous act to provide for a more effective control on narcotics and marijuana
The Harrison Act of 1914
Dealers and dispensers of the opioids and cocaine had to register annually, pay a small fee, and use special order forms under this act
Marijuana Tax Act of 1937
Declared unconstitutional by the Supreme Court in 1970, and it was replaced by the Controlled Substances Act of 1970
Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)
Enacted to regulate the dispensing of patent medicines
Drug Abuse Control Amendments of 1965
Established a new FDA unit: Bureau of Drug Abuse Control (BDAC)
Food, Drug, & Cosmetic Act of 1938
Established because of a crisis involving a liquid antibiotic known as Elixir Sulfanilamide
Marijuana Tax Act of 1937
Excise tax on the sales of marijuana, cannabis, and hemp that was stamped and authorized for industrial and medical uses
Anti-Drug Abuse Act 1986
In response to crack cocaine's association with violence, there was a five year mandatory sentence if you are caught with 5 grams of crack cocaine (versus the 500 grams of cocaine)
Narcotic Control Act 1956
Increased penalties and prison sentencing for those with narcotics
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994
Label must say: "This statement has not been evaluated by the FDA. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease."
18th Amendment
Lawmakers thought that the new law would lead to lower rates of alcohol abuse and dependency, but it was unsuccessful
Title II
Manufacture and distribute drugs of all kinds and classified them into five categories (Schedule 1 being most dangerous- Schedule V being the least potential for abuse) •A substance doesn't need to be listed as a controlled substance to be treated as one for criminal prosecution.
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994
May not make unsubstantiated claims ("cure cancer", lose 10 lb. overnight!) •Can still make general statements about overall health and well-being
1909 Opium Exclusion Act
Passed in February of 1909 banning the importation and possession of Opium
18th Amendment
Prohibition of alcohol in 1919
Drug Abuse Control Amendments of 1965
Proposed 17 additional drugs for coverage: 9 depressants, 2 stimulants, and 6 hallucinogens
Marijuana Tax Act of 1937
Recreational use of marijuana was illegal, and convicted persons were criminalized, resulting in heavy fines and jail time
Drug Abuse Control Amendments of 1965
Redefined the terms "depressant drug" and "stimulant drug" •Modified the Food, Drug, and Cosmetics Act
Drug Abuse Control Amendments of 1965
Referred to dangerous drugs such as opioids, cocaine, and marijuana and hallucinogens such as LSD.
Harrison Act of 1914
Regulated and taxed the production, importation, and distribution of opiate products
Anti-Drug Abuse Act 1986
Stiffened penalties for selling drugs • Established specific amounts of drugs that would trigger "trafficking" penalties • Ex: if you are caught with one ounce of marijuana it could be for personal use, but if you have several pounds..you are probably selling most of it
18th Amendment
The only amendment repealed in the constitution
Combat Methamphetamine Act of 2005
This act regulates retail over the counter drugs to ensure that consumers do not use these medications to manufacture illegal drugs.
1909 Opium Exclusion Act
This did not regulate the use of opium based medications
Narcotic Control Act 1956
Title I: 1954 code narcotics drug import and export •Unlawful acquisition transportation of marijuana and narcotics
Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994
Used by FDA to regulate dietary supplement products and dietary ingredients •Defines dietary supplements as food and not drugs •Dietary supplements don't need to be approved by FDA before they go on the market
Narcotic Control Act 1956
Used to Reduce narcotic trafficking and use of narcotic drugs in the US
California
What state was the forefront on the war on Chinese smoking opium?
The Harrison Act of 1914
What supported the 1909 Opium Exclusion Act?
The 1909 Opium Exclusion Act
What was the opening shot in the US War on Drugs?
Chinese Immigrants
Who favored opium and brought it into the country?
Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)
any drug could be sold with no federal regulations as long as the ingredients were listed on the label
Marijuana Tax Act of 1937
created to make an individual register and pay a tax to legally import, buy, or sell marijuana
Anti-Drug Abuse Act 1988
more specific restrictions on drug penalties and death penalty for drug related murders
Harrison Act of 1914
proposed by Representative Francis Burton Harrison of New York and was approved on December 17, 1914
Pure Food and Drug Act (1906)
the act specifically referred to alcohol, morphine, opium, cocaine, heroin, marijuana, as well as other agents
Harry Anslinger
this person began speaking, writing, testifying and making films about the evils of marijuana
Food, Drug, & Cosmetic Act of 1938
• Before a new drug can be marketed the manufacturer must test it for toxicity.
Food, Drug, & Cosmetic Act of 1938
• Created the difference between prescription and over the counter drugs.
Food, Drug, & Cosmetic Act of 1938
• Drug companies must submit an application, known as the new drug application (NDA), and the FDA will approve it.
