Using the Periodic Table

Chemical Formula

A compound is a substance made up of a definite proportion of two or more elements.

Period

A period is the name given to a horizontal row of the periodic table. ... Period 1 contains only two elements: hydrogen and helium.

Element

A substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical means. An element is composed of atoms that have the same atomic number, that is, each atom has the same number of protons in its nucleus as all other atoms of that element.

Metals

Any chemical element that is an effective conductor of electricity and heat can be defined as a metal. A metal is also good at forming bonds and cations with non-metals. Atoms inside of a metal quickly lose electrons in order to make positive ions or cations

Atomic Mass

Atomic Mass or Weight Definition. Atomic mass or atomic weight is the average mass of atoms of an element, calculated using the relative abundance of isotopes in a naturally-occurring element. Atomic mass indicates the size of an atom .

Reactivity

Chemistry. the relative capacity of an atom, molecule, or radical to undergo a chemical reaction with another atom, molecule, or compound.

Dmitri Mendelee

He formulated the Periodic Law, created a farsighted version of the periodic table of elements, and used it to correct the properties of some already discovered elements and also to predict the properties of eight elements yet to be discovered.

Trend

Major periodic trends include: electromagnetically, ionization energy, electron affinity, atomic radius, melting point, and metallic character.

Physical Property

Properties that do change the chemical nature of matter. Examples of physical properties are: color, smell, freezing point, boiling point, melting point .

Family

a family is a group of elements with similar chemical properties. Chemical families tend to be associated with the vertical columns on the periodic table. ... Examples: Group 18 on the periodic table is also known as the noble gas family or noble gas group.

Chemical Property

a property or characteristic of a substance that is observed during a reaction in which the chemical composition or identity of the substance is changed: Combustibility is an important chemical property to consider when choosing building materials.

Element Symbol

an abbreviation or short representation of a chemical element; the symbols in the periodic table. Natural elements all have chemical symbols of one or two letters; some man made elements have three-letter symbols.

Metalloids

an element whose properties are intermediate between those of metals and solid nonmetals.

Noble Gases

any of the gaseous elements helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, occupying Group 0 of the periodic table. They were long believed to be totally unattractive but compounds of xenon, krypton, and radon are now known

Group

is a column of elements in the periodic table of the chemical elements. There are 18 numbered groups in the periodic table, and the f-block columns (between groups 3 and 4) are not number

Nonmetals

is an element that doesn't have the characteristics of metal including: ability to conduct heat or electricity, luster, or flexibility. An example of a nonmetal element is carbon.

Valence Electrons

is an outer shell electron that is associated with an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond if the outer shell is not closed; in a single convalescent bond, both atoms in the bond contribute one valence electron in order to form a shared pair.

Energy Level

one of the stable states of constant energy that may be assumed by a physical system —used especially of the quantum states of electrons in atoms and of nuclei — called also energy state.

Atomic Number

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and its place in the periodic table .