vet tech prep
The veterinarian asks you use glycopyrrolate to premedicate a patient in the hospital. Using the image, calculate how many milliliters you will administer to a 35 kg dog at a dosage of 0.01 mg/kg? (concentration: 0.2 mg/ml) 1.75 ml 0.08 ml 0.004 ml 0.18 ml
1.75 ml 35 kg multiplied by 0.01 mg/kg= 0.35 mg divided by 0.2 mg/ml= 1.75 ml
Which of the following catheters would allow the largest volume of fluids to be given over the shortest amount of time? 24g x 1" 18g x 2" 16g x 1" 22g x 3/4"
16g x 1" Catheters that are shorter in length and larger in diameter can deliever the largest volume of fluids in the shortest amount of time.
Which of the following is the correct dental formula for guinea pigs and chinchillas? 2(I2/2 C0/0 PM 0/0 M 3/3) =20 2(I3/3 C1/1 PM1/1 M2/2) = 28 2(I1/1 C0/0 PM1/1 M3/3) = 20 2(I1/1 C1/1 PM1/1 M2/2) =20
2(I1/1 C0/0 PM1/1 M3/3) = 20
How many 3-rooted permanent maxillary teeth are in the mouth of a dog? 2 6 8 4
6
What percentage of dogs and cats, on average, has periodontal disease? 75% 40% 25% 95% 60%
75%
Which of the following is the best description of an epulis? A gingival lesion caused by inflammation A non-malignant oral tumor A gingival lesion caused by trauma A developmental tooth disorder
A non-malignant oral tumor
What is the function of soda lime in an anesthetic machine? Absorb carbon monoxide Absorb oxygen Absorb anesthetic gases Absorb nitrogen Absorb carbon dioxide
Absorb carbon dioxide
What is the major concern when a patient has a long recovery post-op and is laterally recumbent for an extended period of time? Anemia Atelectasis Hypovolemia Pericardial effusion
Atelectasis
Which of the following is true regarding anesthesia of reptiles? Fasting is not usually necessary Because reptiles are cold-blooded, heat support is not necessary The skin should never be scrubbed but rinsed only with antiseptic Perioperative antibiotics are not recommended due to reptile sensitivity to these drugs
Fasting is not usually necessary
What is a main function of a red blood cell? Help clot a wound Facilitate phagocytosis of bacteria and viruses Carry oxygen to the tissues Produce histamine
Carry oxygen to the tissues
What is the most common location for placement of an arterial catheter (a-line) in a dog? Brachial artery Femoral artery Dorsal metatarsal artery Pulmonary artery Radial artery
Dorsal metatarsal artery
The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is directly related to which of the following? Albumin level in the blood Rate of blood flow to the kidneys Size of the kidneys Tubule secretion rate
Rate of blood flow to the kidneys
Which is the correct direction through the heart in which blood flows? Right atrium, aortic valve, left atrium, pulmonic valve Right atrium, tricuspid valve, left atrium, mitral valve Right atrium, mitral valave, left atrium, tricuspid valve Left atrium, mitral valve, right atrium, aortic valve
Right atrium, tricuspid valve, left atrium, mitral valve
You are monitoring a 2 kg kitten being spayed at the humane society; she is intubated and is on isoflurane gas for maintenance. She is on IV fluids at 10 mL/hr. Her blood pressure starts to drop during the procedure. You have already given her a bolus of fluids. Which of the following should you do first to try to increase her blood pressure? Give a 90 ml/kg bolus of a crystalloid fluid intravenously Turn down the anesthetic gas Give a dose of atropine Turn off the heat support to prevent peripheral vasodilation, which decreases blood pressure
Turn down the anesthetic gas
Pre-anesthetic drugs are used for all of the following reasons except which of the following? Less induction drugs are needed Smoother anesthetic induction and recovery period To decrease the blood pressure Reduce anxiety Provide analgesia
To decrease the blood pressure
Which of these drugs can be used to reverse anesthesia induced by xylazine in a cat? Flumazenil Yohimbine Naloxone Medetomidine
Yohimbine
What part of the brain controls heartbeat, respiration, and blood pressure? Cerebral cortex Brain stem Hypothalamus Cerebellum
brain stem
Which anesthetic gas would be most likely to induce a cardiac arrhythmia? Isoflurane Oxygen Sevoflurane Halothane
halothane
What heart valve is responsible for separating blood between the left atrium and left ventricle? Pulmonary valve Aortic valve Mitral valve Tricuspid valve
mitral valve mitral valve is also known as the biscuspid valve
In the United States, what type of gas is in a blue gas tank? Nitrogen Oxygen Nitrous oxide Carbon Dioxide Medical compressed air
nitrous oxide Gray = carbon dioxide Yellow = medical compressed air Green = oxygen Black= nitrogen Brown= helium
Certain drugs may cause a rapid rise in temperature during anesthesia. This is known as malignant hyperthermia. Which species is at greatest risk for this condition? Porcine Equine Canine Caprine
porcine Cooling measures, Dantrolene, and oxygen are all implicated in treatment.
In regards to rabbit anesthesia, which of the following best explains why the use of sedative premedications should be given prior to inducing anesthesia using a mask or induction chamber to deliver gas agents such as Isoflurane? To help prevent breath holding Anesthesia in rabbits can not be achieved by gas agents alone To cause an increase in heart rate Allows intubation prior to induction
to prevent breath holding
In a non-rebreathing anesthesia circuit, which of the following is NOT used? Reservoir bag Scavenger Unidirectional valve Oxygen
unidirectional valve
Which of the following is not a complication associated with the placement of an epidural in a dog that is under anesthesia? Respiratory depression Urinary retention Hypotension Vomiting
vomiting
How many upper incisors does a goat have? Two Four Zero Six One
zero
The 4th upper premolars are connected with which structure in dogs? Frontal Sinus Nasal cavity Maxillary Sinus Pharynx
maxillary sinus
You are responsible for anesthetizing an adult cat. What size endotracheal tube would you have ready for this patient? #2 #8 #6 #4
#4
What is the normal sulcus depth of the teeth in dogs when examining with a periodontal probe? 3-5 mm 3-8 mm 0-1 mm 0-3 mm
0-3 mm
A dog having a rough recovery from anesthesia has been ordered to receive 0.02 mg/kg of acepromazine. The dog's body weight is 40 lbs, and the acepromazine is diluted to a 1 mg/ml solution. How much acepromazine should this patient be administered? 0.8 ml 0.036 ml 1.2 ml 0.36 ml
0.36 ml 40 lbs / (2.2 lbs/kg) = 18.2 kg 0.02 mg/kg x (18.2 kg) = 0.36 mg 0.36 mg / (1 mg/ml) = 0.36 ml
A cat is having a surgical procedure. How long should food be withheld prior to general anesthesia? 18 hours 6 hours 3 hours 1 hour 24 hours 10 hours
10 hours
An animal needs to be sedated with Dexmedetomidine. The patient weighs 2200, lbs and the dose that the clinician wishes to administer is 10 micrograms per kilogram. Dexmedetomidine is available as a 1 mg/ml solution. How many milliliters will be administered? 10 ml 0.5 ml 100 ml 1 ml
10 ml 1000 micrograms in 1 milligram 1000 milligrams in 1 gram 2200 lbs / (2.2 lbs/kg) = 1000kg 1000kg x (10 micrograms/kg) = 10,000 micrograms 10,000 micrograms / (1 milligram/1000 micrograms) = 10 milligrams 10 mg / (1 mg/ml) = 10 ml
A patient's fluid rate is currently set at 150 ml/hr. The doctor asks you to decrease the fluid rate by 25%. What is the new rate? 87.5 ml 90 ml 112.5 ml 37.5 ml
112.5 ml 150 ml x 0.25 = 37.5 ml Now, subtract the answer above from the original fluid rate to determine the new rate. 150 ml - 37.5 ml = 112.5 ml
You are monitoring an adult cat under anesthesia. Since induction, the heart has been slowing down. What is the approximate lowest acceptable heart rate for this cat? 140 160 180 120
120
What is the approximate minute volume of a 4 kg cat? 1 L 40 ml 250 ml 25 ml 4 L 100 m
1L minute volume is the volume of air inspired during one minute of respiration. In cats, the typical minute volume is 180-380 ml/kg/min. For a 4 kg cat, the choice of 1 L per minute is the only one that is close to this range.
Anesthetic monitoring of pet patients is one of the most important veterinary technician duties. How often should vitals be checked and recorded? 1 minute 20 minutes 5 minutes 10 minutes
5 minutes
You want to give a pre-surgical dose of antibiotics to your patient. You have a 1 gram vial of cefoxitin that is reconstituted with 5 mls of sterile water. You want to give a 20 mg/kg dose to a 25 kg dog. How many mls do you give? 10 1.25 7.5 5 2.5
2.5 The resulting concentration of the cefoxitin solution is 1gm/5ml or 200mg/ml. The desired dose is 20mg/kg x 25 kg = 500 mg 200 mg/ml x ____ ml= 500 mg, Therefore the answer is 2.5 ml
A patient is hypoventilating and the end-tidal CO2 is rising. The doctor instructs you to give the patient a breath. The pressure on the manometer to which you ventilate the patient is: 60 cm H2O 20 cm H2O 40 cm H2O 5 cm H2O
20 cm H2O
What is the ideal time period to withhold food in large ruminants prior to general anesthesia for an elective procedure? 24-48 hours 8-12 hours Ruminants should not be fasted prior to anesthesia 4-6 hours
24-48 hours
Thiopental is a barbiturate used to induce anesthesia. Once reconstituted it is a 2% solution. The attending veterinarian asks you to induce a 27 kg dog with a dosage of 10 mg/kg. How many milligrams do you need, and how many milliliters will you draw up into the syringe? 270 mg / 13.5 mls 13.5 mg / 270 mls 27 mg / 2.7 mls 135 mg / 27 mls
270 mg / 13.5 mls 27 kg multiplied by 10 mg/kg = 270 mg A 2% solution is equal to 20 mg/ml 270 mg divided by 20 mg/ml = 13.5 mls
Perioperative antibiotics are essential in preventing unwanted infections. What is the best time to administer the antibiotic? 1 hour prior to anesthesia Immediately after surgery At the time of the incision 30 minutes prior to making an incision 24 hours prior to surgery
30 minutes prior to making an incision
Which of the following is the best approximation of the typical tidal volume of a 20 kg dog? 4 L 300 ml 800 ml 100 ml 8 L per minute
300 ml The tidal volume is volume of air that is normally displaced during inspiration and expiration. Typical tidal volume for a dog is about 15 ml/kg 15 ml/kg x 20 kg = 300ml
Cats do not have first and second premolars on the mandible. Therefore, what is the number in the Triadan system for the premolar that is closest to the canine on the left mandible? 307 407 405 404 305
307
You perform a dental prophylaxis on a dog that has all of his teeth. How many adult teeth are in the dog's mouth? 28 42 32 24
42
Which of the following is considered a normal pulse oximetry reading? 98% 1% 90% 50%
98%
Which anesthetic breathing circuit should be used for rabbit anesthesia? As long as you are using a nonprecision vaporizer the breathing circuit does not matter As long as you are using a precision vaporizer the breathing circuit does not matter A breathing circuit with plenty of dead space A breathing circuit with minimal dead space
A breathing circuit with minimal dead space As with small animal anesthesia, as a general rule, any patient under 7 kilograms should be placed on a nonrebreathing circuit
What is the neurotransmitter for skeletal muscle? Acetylcholinesterase Acetylcholine Norepinephrine GABA Dopamine
Acetylcholine Acetylcholinesterase destroys ACh and thus turns off muscle activity. GABA and Dopamine are CNS neurotransmitters. Norepinephrine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter in smooth muscle.
You are asked to recover a patient after surgery. When should you pull the endotracheal tube? After the patient has an adequate swallowing reflex After the patient's temperature has reached at least 100.0 After the eyes are alert and the dog is aware of its surroundings After the patient is able to move its limbs
After the patient has an adequate swallowing reflex
While performing an epidural on a dog, your needle begins to fill with a clear pale straw colored fluid, what is the appropriate action? This is normal and it is ok to aspirate, if there is no blood give the full calculated dose of anesthetic. You must withdraw the needle completely and no further attempts should be made. Aspirate and if there is no blood it is ok to administer half of the calculated dose of anesthetic. You must withdraw the needle completely and start over.
Aspirate and if there is no blood it is ok to administer half of the calculated dose of anesthetic.
he main stimulus for ventilation is the partial pressure of which of the following gases? Carbon monoxide Carbon dioxide Oxygen Nitrogen
Carbon dioxide
While the surgeon is focused on the task at hand, it is the anesthetist's job to make sure the patient's vitals are maintained at a normal plane. Which of the following is not suggestive of significant blood loss? Rapid heart rate Rapid respiratory rate Cyanotic mucous membranes Weak pulses
Cyanotic mucous membranes pale/white mucous membranes as opposed to cyanotic mucous membranes would be noted. Cyanotic mucous membranes are seen when the patient lacks oxygen.
As a technician, it will be your responsibility to administer medications in most situations. Which of the following is not a common medication administered to horses post-operatively? Omeprazole Banamine Procaine-penicillin G Dexamethasone
Dexamethasone
A 10 year old male neutered West Highland White Terrier with a history of 1st degree AV block is admitted to the clinic for a routine dentistry. All of his pre-anesthetic lab work has come back normal. Which of the following anesthetic drugs would be most contraindicated in this case? Acepromazine Diazepam Butorphanol Dexmedetomidine
Dexmedetomidine
Which of the following description of the properties of an inhalant anesthetic is true? Drugs with low minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC) are the most potent Drugs with high solubility (blood/gas solubility coefficients) are the most potent Drugs with high minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC) are the most potent Drugs with low solubility (blood/gas solubility coefficients) are the most potent
Drugs with low minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC) are the most potent MAC is a measure of anesthetic potency or, the concentration of drug required to prevent response to a stimulus in 50% of patients.
Which of the following statements regarding inhalant anesthetics is true? Drugs with low solubility (blood/gas solubility coefficients) produce rapid induction and recovery rates Drugs with high solubility (blood/gas solubility coefficients) produce rapid induction and recovery rates Drugs with high minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC) produce rapid induction and recovery rates Drugs with low minimum alveolar concentrations (MAC) produce rapid induction and recovery rates
Drugs with low solubility (blood/gas solubility coefficients) produce rapid induction and recovery rates
Which of the following may be seen in a puppy who has had distemper? Enamel hyperplasia Gingival hyperplasia Retained deciduous teeth Enamel hypoplasia
Enamel hypoplasia
A laryngoscope might aid in which procedure? Anal gland expression Ear drum examination Jugular catheter placement Endotracheal tube placement
Endotracheal tube placement
Which of the following is an indicator that a spinal needle has successfully been placed into the epidural space in a horse? Spinal fluid fills the hub of the needle Fluid bubbles immediately when placed on the hub of the needle Fluid is immediately drawn in when placed on the hub of the needle There is moderate resistance when pushing fluid through the spinal needle
Fluid is immediately drawn in when placed on the hub of the needle
A dog under anesthesia has an end-tidal CO2 (ETCO2) reading of 60 mm Hg. What should be done? Give a dose of atropine IV Increase the oxygen flow rate to the patient Increase the anesthetic gas because the patient is light Give the patient a breath, or ventilate, to lower the ETCO2
Give the patient a breath, or ventilate, to lower the ETCO2
Anticholinergics can be used in small mammals as part of a preanesthetic protocol. Of the following, which anticholinergic is the best choice for use in rabbits? Diazepam Midazolam Glycopyrrolate Atropine
Glycopyrrolate
Many times, horses require additional muscle relaxation during anesthesia. Which of the following is commonly used for its property of being a centrally acting muscle relaxant? Succinylcholine Atracurium Ketamine Guaifenesin
Guaifenesin
When cattle are placed in lateral recumbency during general anesthesia, how should the head be positioned to decrease the risk of aspiration? Head and oral cavity higher than the neck Head and oral cavity higher than the neck or at the same level as the neck Head and oral cavity at the same level as the neck Head and oral cavity lower than the neck
Head and oral cavity lower than the neck
Prior to placement of an endotracheal tube, you measure the tube so you know how far in to place it. Where should your measurement be? To the caudal point of the mandible Just in front of the first rib Just past the point of the larynx In between the larynx and the thoracic inlet
In between the larynx and the thoracic inlet
Water comes from the ultrasonic scaler for which purpose? It prevents introduction of bacteria into the gumline It helps cool the instrument tip It smoothes the surface of the tooth It prevents dulling of the instrument
It helps cool the instrument tip
You are using a Bain circuit to anesthetize a ferret for a spay procedure. Which of the following measures is the most important thing to do to prevent re-breathing of carbon dioxide by the ferret? Maintain high flow rates of oxygen in the circuit Make sure the pop-off and one-way valves are opening correctly Make sure the soda-lime canister is fresh Make sure that the endotracheal tube extension is longer than the ferret
Maintain high flow rates of oxygen in the circuit
In normal occlusion, what is the proper position of the incisors and canine teeth when the mouth is closed? Mandibular incisors are palatal to the maxillary incisors, and the mandibular canine is distal to the maxillary canine Mandibular incisors are buccal to the maxillary incisors, and the mandibular canine is mesial to the maxillary canine Mandibular incisors are palatal to the maxillary incisors, and the mandibular canine is mesial to the maxillary canine Mandibular incisors are buccal to the maxillary incisors, and the mandibular canine is distal to the maxillary canine
Mandibular incisors are palatal to the maxillary incisors, and the mandibular canine is mesial to the maxillary canine
In dogs, which of the following are all permanent teeth with 2 roots? Mandibular premolars 2, 3, and 4, and molar 1 Maxillary premolars 2, 3, and 4, and molar 1 Mandibular premolar 1 and molars 2 and 3 Maxillary molars 1 and 2
Mandibular premolars 2, 3, and 4, and molar 1
Myositis in a horse can occur as a result of which of the following? Prolonged recumbency during anesthesia A blood lactate level of 1.0 mg/dl and higher will result in myositis Intraoperative hypertension will result in myositis Administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatories prior to anesthesia will result in myositis
Prolonged recumbency during anesthesia
Which of the following is the "minute volume" of a patient under anesthesia? Tidal volume divided by lung capacity Oxygen consumption multiplied by tidal volume Respiratory rate multiplied by tidal volume Respiratory rate multiplied by lung capacity
Respiratory rate multiplied by tidal volume
In what order does an electrical impulse travel through the heart? AV node, SA node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers SA node, Purkinje fibers, AV node, Bundle of His Bundle of His, SA node, AV node, Purkinje fibers SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers SA node, Bundle of His, AV node, Purkinje fibers
SA node, AV node, Bundle of His, Purkinje fibers
Anesthetic monitoring is extremely important in the operating room. If you are in surgery with a cat, which of the following parameters would you consider abnormal? End-tidal CO2 of 45 Systolic blood pressure of 132 mmHg PCV of 39 Temperature of 93.7F
Temperature of 93.7F
A dog under anesthesia is hypoventilating. This means which of the following is true? The oxygen level is high The oxygen and the CO2 levels are high The CO2 level is high The CO2 level is low
The CO2 level is high
You are taking indirect blood pressure readings on a cat with hyperthyroidism. Which is true when choosing a cuff for the patient? The cuff diameter should be about 40% the circumference of the limb Indirect blood pressure measurements do not involve using a cuff The size of the cuff is not significant if placed tightly enough The cuff diameter should be about 75% the circumference of the limb
The cuff diameter should be about 40% the circumference of the limb
Which of the following is true regarding dentition in dogs? The dog has a total of 6 incisors The incisors on the maxilla should rest caudal to the incisors on the mandible The incisors on the mandible should be palatal to the incisors on the maxilla The lower first molars in the dog are triple-rooted
The incisors on the mandible should be palatal to the incisors on the maxilla
What is the carnassial tooth? This is another name for the canine tooth The tooth with the deepest root in each dental arcade The largest shearing tooth of each dental arcade This is another term for a missing tooth This is another term for a supernumerary tooth
The largest shearing tooth of each dental arcade This is the tooth that does the most work during mastication. In dogs and cats, the carnassial teeth are the maxillary fourth premolar and the mandibular first molar.
Approximately 5ccs of an inhalant anesthetic is spilled while the vaporizer on an anesthetic machine is being filled. What course of action should be taken? The spill should be cleaned up using paper towels and bleach The vaporizer should be closed and the room well ventilated The fire department should be called Nothing, continue filling the vaporizer Dilute the spill 1:1 with water and then wipe up with a towel The hospital should be evacuated
The vaporizer should be closed and the room well ventilated
When performing anesthesia in the horse, which of the following should always be done prior to induction and intubation? Apply a small amount of lidocaine to the larynx Insert a tube into the esophagus so that you are able to place the endotracheal tube properly Throughly rinse the oral cavity Float the molars
Throughly rinse the oral cavity
For which of the following procedures would an epidural be of most benefit? Pericardial window Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO) Forelimb amputation Splenectomy
Tibial Plateau Leveling Osteotomy (TPLO)
What is the dental formula for the adult horse (i.e. incisor-canine-premolar-molar)? Upper: 3-1-4-3, Lower: 3-1-3-3 Upper: 4-1-3-3, Lower: 3-1-3-3 Upper: 4-1-2-3, Lower: 4-1-2-3 Upper: 3-1-2-3, Lower: 3-1-2-3
Upper: 3-1-4-3, Lower: 3-1-3-3
The somatic nervous system is responsible for which of the following functions? Voluntary motor movement Contraction of the intestines Secretion of saliva Regulation of heart rate
Voluntary motor movement
Which of the following pieces of information should the technician be most aware of prior to inducing a patient for anesthesia? When the patient urinated last When the patient defecated last When the patient last had an anesthetic procedure When the patient ate last
When the patient ate last
You are attempting to give an intra-jugular injection to a horse and insert the needle to the hub. Blood is forcefully pulsating and ejecting from the needle. What is the most likely explanation? The vein is spasming, and this is normal; it is okay to give the medication You are in the carotid artery The horse has hypertension This is normal when injecting medication into the jugular of a horse
You are in the carotid artery
Which of the following drugs is a neuroactive steroid and general anesthetic? Thiopental Propofol Alfaxalone Telazol
alfaxalone
Gas exchange occurs between air and blood by diffusion through which structure? Trachea Pleura Alveoli Bronchi
alveoli
Padding is extremely important when a horse is under general anesthesia. When the animal is placed in dorsal recumbency, how much padding is required between the surgical table and the horse? At least 6 inches 12-14 inches At least 12inches 2-4 inches
at least 6 inches
When anesthetizing a rabbit for anesthesia, which vein is most often used? Jugular Cephalic Lateral saphenous Auricular Medial saphenous
auricular
What is another name for a non-rebreathing anesthesia circuit? Circle system Peep system CO2 system Bain system
bain system
Which of the following components of an anesthetic machine needs to be replaced regularly? One-way valves Breathing tubes Barium lime Vaporizer
barium line
Which species commonly has laryngospasm when you are trying to place an endotracheal tube during anesthetic induction? Horse Cow Dog Cat
cat
What is the name for the blood pressure measurement when the ventricles of the heart are relaxed? Mean corpuscular volume Diastolic pressure Mean arterial pressure Systolic pressure Central venous pressure
diastolic pressure
For which species is it most common to clip and clean the surgical site prior to anesthetic induction? Horse Ferret Cat Dog
horse
Oscillometric or Doppler equipment is a way of measuring what parameter? Oxygen saturation Central Venous Pressure Blood glucose Indirect blood pressure Hematocrit
indirect blood pressure
Which of the following drugs can induce muscle rigidity, or a cataleptic state, during anesthesia? Acepromazine Ketamine Diazepam Propofol
ketamine Catalepsy can be caused by ketamine and morphine. Ketamine (a dissociative anesthetic) is usually given along with diazepam (Valium) to counteract the muscle rigidity it causes. Ketamine can also result in increased intracranial pressure. Diazepam causes muscle relaxation.
Which of the following sedative or anesthetic drugs would NOT frequently cause hypotension (low blood pressure)? Propofol Acepromazine Isoflurane Ketamine
ketamine Ketamine's effects on the cardiovascular system include increased cardiac output, increased heart rate, and increased blood pressure. Isoflurane and other inhalant gases can cause profound hypotension. Acepromazine and propofol also very commonly cause hypotension.
Which of the following is NOT a contraindication of epidural placement in the dog? Coagulopathy Skin infection in the area of the needle insertion Obesity Fractures of the sacrum or pelvis
obesity
You are hooking up the anesthesia machine and place the pulse oximeter on the dog's tongue. This is to measure which of the following? Electrical impulse of the heart Oxygen saturation Respiratory rate Carbon dioxide
oxygen saturation
Which anatomic structure is the passageway for both the respiratory and digestive systems? Bronchi Esophagus Tongue Pharynx Larynx
pharynx
Which anesthetic is short-acting, white-opaque in color, and can cause transient apnea on induction? Ketamine Thiopental Propofol Etomidate
propofol
Oxygenated blood returning from the lungs travels in which blood vessel? Vena cava Aorta Pulmonary artery Pulmonary vein
pulmonary vein Vessels that contain blood moving toward the heart are known as veins despite their oxygenation status. The pulmonary artery contains deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle that is moving toward the lungs for oxygenation.
Name the heart chamber responsible for pumping blood toward the lungs. Left ventricle Left atrium Right atrium Right ventricle
right ventricle The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the vena cava. This blood is then pumped into the right ventricle (passing through the tricuspid valve) which then gets pumped into the lungs (passing through the pulmonary valve) via the pulmonary artery for oxygenation. T he newly oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium via the pulmonary vein. Once in the left atrium, the blood is pumped into the left ventricle (passing through the atrioventricular valve) from which it is then pumped into the circulation via the aorta (passing through the aortic valve).
Stimulation of the Vagus nerve results in which of the following? Dilated pupils Tachycardia Diarrhea Hypersalivation Slowed heart rate
slowed heart rate
