VET115 Large Animal Husbandry & Disease Midterm Review

What is the normal eructation (belching) rate in cows?

18/hour

What is another name for ketosis in heavily lactating cows, seen within days to weeks of calving?

Acetonemia

What disease causes abortions in cattle, fistulous withers in horses, and undulant fever in human?

Brucellosis

______ ______ ______ causes a non-responsive arthritis, and acute leukoencephalomylitis in goats.

Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis (CAE)

Malignant edema is caused by this organism

Clostridium septicum

Name the organism responsible for lock jaw.

Clostridium tetani

What is the common name for endoparasites that belong to the genus Eimeria and affect cattle and sheep?

Coccidia

What disease causes lesions around the mouth and nose in sheep and goats? Is it zoonotic?

Contagious ecthyma (sore mouth or Orf. caused by a Pox virus); yes

What is it called when copper accumulates in the liver and causes damage when the animal is stressed?

Copper toxicity

Escherichia coli is not a zoonotic organism T/F

False

Black's disease is caused by Clostridium septicum. T/F

False - Clostridium novyi

Passive immunity is induced when the immune system produced antibodies in response to antigens. T/F

False - active immunity

Mastitis can be caused by various bacteria, which can cause infectious and noninfectious inflammation of the udder. Only affects one quarter. T/F

False - all 4 quarters

Quarantine is protocol to prevent introduction of disease organisms onto the farm. T/F

False - biosecurity

Sheep with Johne's present with diarrhea, cattle do not T/F

False - cattle present with diarrhea, sheep do not

Urinary calculi are more common in female goats due to urethral size T/F

False - males

What is the scientific name of this trematode causing severe reactions when C. novyi is present?

Fasciola (liver flukes)

A _______ is a contaminated inanimate object that can spread disease.

Fomite

What is dystocia?

Forceful straining without appearance of a fetus at the vulva (difficult birth)

A ______ is a female cow born twin to a male, presenting with normal appearing external female genitalia, and abnormal internal genitalia.

Freemartin

What is another name for a barber pole worm of sheep and goats?

Haemonchus contortus

_______ and ______ are two major conditions that can cause death in the first 48 hours of a lamb's life.

Hypothermia and hypoglycemia

What is the primary route of infection of Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis also known as CAE?

Infected dams and colostrum

What are signs/symptoms of rickets? What is the cause?

Large joints (in young), painful gait, leg bowing, improper calcification of joints; phosphorous & vitamin D deficiencies, decrease in calcium

Nematodirus

Large strongyle type oocyte, thin walled, 4-16 brown colored cells

What is a apple shape and in what disease process is it typically seen?

Left side appears pear shaped, right side appears apple shaped; Bloat (ruminal tympany)

Name the organism that is a bacterial spirochete and shed in urine. Is it zoonotic?

Leptospirosis; yes

______ is the most common neoplastic disease (cancer) in cattle.

Lymphosarcoma

Another name for white muscle disease is _______ _______.

Nutritional myodegeneration

Melophagus ovinus (sheep ked)

Parasite in sheep that causes skin irritation and wool loss; favorite seasons are winter and spring

What are two ways gas accumulation can be detected in the small ruminant?

Percussion and auscultation of the abdomen; presence of a papple shaped abdomen

Mycoplasma conjunctiva causes what condition of caprines (goats)?

Pink eye/infectious keratoconjunctivitis

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy or BSE is a, _____ disease of, _______, and is better known as ______.

Prion, bovine, Mad Cow Disease

_______ intended to prevent new animals from spreading disease to animals in an established herd.

Quarantine

Large joints and lameness is an indication of _________.

Rickets

Anaplasma marginale is what type of organism?

Rickettsial

Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies or TSE of sheep more commonly goes by ___________. Is it reportable?

Scrapie; yes

How could you identify warbles on cattle?

Through swelling on back

A ruminant is an animal that has many stomachs T/F

True

A toxoid is a bacterial toxin that has been weakened by heat or chemical treatment T/F

True

Azotemia is related to decreased blood urea nitrogen and creatinine T/F

True

Bacillus anthracis the organism responsible for Anthrax is reportable and zoonotic. T/F

True

Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex (BRDS) includes PI3, IBR and BVD, amongst others. Affects mostly dairy calves in the first 45 days, and beef calves younger than 6 months T/F

True

Campylobacter fetus or Vibriosis is transmitted through AI, and/or copulation T/F

True

Hyperthermia and hypoglycemia are two of the most common causes of weakness and depression in newborn lambs. T/F

True

Mycobacterium paratuberculosis is the organism associated with tuberculosis T/F

True

Polioencephalomalacia is characterized by altered function of the CNS, in which brain and swelling and inflammation lead to necrosis of brain tissue. T/F

True

Signs of tetanus include erect ears, rigid extension of limbs, and prolapse of the third eyelid. T/F

True

This is a sheep with ______ ______ and it is spread by the _____ ______.

blue tongue; culicoides gnat