vocab chapter 6 science

tension

stress that occurs when forces act to stretch an object

divergent force

tension

buoyant force

the upward force that keeps an object immersed in or floating on a fluid

fault

(geology) a crack in the earth's crust resulting from the displacement of one side with respect to the other

Stress

A force that acts on rock to change its shape or volume

Tsunami

A giant wave usually caused by an earthquake beneath the ocean floor.

joint

A place in the body where two bones come together

transform boundary

A plate boundary where two plates move past each other in opposite directions

Richter scale

A scale that rates an earthquake's magnitude based on the size of its seismic waves.

S wave

A type of seismic wave in which the shaking is perpendicular to the direction of the wave

P wave

A type of seismic wave that compresses and expands the ground.

Seismometer

Instrument used to measure horizontal or vertical motion during an earthquake.

magnitude

Measure of the energy released during an earthquake

strike

Nonviolent refusal to continue to work until a problem is resolved.

Epicenter

Point on Earth's surface directly above an earthquake's focus

Compression

Stress that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks

Intensity

The amount of energy per second carried through a unit area by a wave.

earthquake

The shaking that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface.

surface waves

a type of seismic wave that forms when P waves and S waves reach Earth's surface

normal fault

break in rock caused by tension forces, where rock above the fault surface moves down relative to the rock below the fault surface

convergent force

compression

strain

deformation of materials in response to stress

dip

distal interphalangeal joint

shear

force directed parallel to a surface