Water Properties

Which of the following is the strongest acid? pH of 3 or pH of 5

The pH of 3 is a stronger acid

Hydrophilic

having a tendency to mix with, dissolve in, or be wetted by water. (Polar Molecules)

pH scale

measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; ranges from 0 to 14

Hydrophobic

tending to repel or fail to mix with water. (Nonpolar Molecules)

Capillary Action Definition

the combined force of cohesion and adhesion.

H2O

the formula for water (2 hydrogen and 1 oxygen)

Atom

the smallest part of an element

Surface Tension

the tightness on the top layer of water due to cohesion

Surface Tension Example

this property allows a water strider to walk on the top layer of water without falling in

Capillary Action Examples

this property allows water to get into the pores of a paper towel and move up, against gravity.

Cohesion

water being attracted and sticking to other water molecules, like a magnet

Adhesion

water being attracted or sticking to other particles ex) Water on an umbrella or the car window

Universal Solvent

water's polarity makes it the ideal liquid to dissolve many polar substances

Base

A solution which has a pH higher then 7. Contains a smaller amount of H+ ions, and more OH- ions.

Acid

A solution which has a pH lower then 7. Contains a large amount of H+ ions

Polar

Has an uneven sharing of electrons resulting in a positive and negatively charged end. In water the oxygen end is negatively charged and the hydrogen end is positively charged.

Neutral

Meaning the solution contains the same amount of H+ and OH- ions. ex) Pure Water

Hydrogen Bonds

Weak bonds which connect water molecules together. These bonds are evenly broken allowing it to easily mix.

Solvent

a liquid that can dissolve a solute ex) Water

Molecule

a material made when atoms join together

Solution

a mixture that is formed with a solute dissolves in a solvent ex) Salt and Water

Solute

a substance that can dissolve in liquid ex) salt