Week 2 PrepU 210

A client is to be discharged on daily medication delivered by a transdermal disk. Which statement indicates the need for further medication teaching?

"I'll place the disk on the same spot each day." A transdermal disk should be applied to a different site each time. The client should avoid placing the disk on uneven, damaged, or irritated skin or on areas below the knee or elbow. The other options indicate that the client understands how to use the transdermal disk.

Nitroglycerin via the sublingual route is ordered for a client diagnosed with angina. Which of the following would the nurse include when teaching a client how to administer this drug?

"Place the medication under your tongue." The nurse should tell the client to keep the medication below the tongue to ensure the sublingual route of administration. The buccal route of administration requires the medication to be kept in the side of the mouth. Oral medications are swallowed; patients should not swallow sublingual tablets. Topical medications are applied to the skin.

The nurse is teaching an adolescent with asthma how to use a meter-dosed inhaler. Which teaching point follows recommended guidelines?

Be sure to shake the canister before using it. A metered-dose inhaler (MDI) delivers a controlled dose of medication with each compression of the canister. The canister must be shaken to mix the medication properly. MDIs are inhaled through the mouth, into the lungs. The medication should be inhaled slowly to ensure a sufficient dose enters the lungs. If the order is for two sprays, these sprays are administered with one spray for each breath. The inhaled breath should be held briefly after each spray in order to prevent immediately exhaling the medication.

A client is prescribed two sprays of a nasal medication twice a day. The nurse is teaching the client how to self-administer the medication and instructs the client to

Blow the nose before applying medication into the nares. The nurse instructs the client to blow the nose before administering the nasal medication. The client should keep the head upright, not tilted back. The client should wait at least 1 minute before administering the second spray and clean the container after each use.

A client is being assessed by the home care nurse for the appropriate use of a metered-dose inhaler. Instructions concerning which intervention will assist a client in the proper use of the device?

Using a spacer The client should be instructed to use a spacer to increase compliance and accuracy of administration. An asthma spacer is an add-on device used to increase the ease of administering aerosolized medication from a metered-dose inhaler (MDI). The corticosteroid should be administered after the bronchodilator. The increase in fluids will not affect the administration of the inhaler. The client should hold the breath for several seconds after administration of the inhaler.

A nursing student learning about medication administration for children correctly identifies that a medication labeled "otic" is given in the:

ear canal. Otic administration refers to delivering medicine (primarily drops) into the ear canal. Ophthalmic administration is for the eyes, which include the conjunctival sac. Intranasal administration is for the nose. Oral medications are given in the mouth.

The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed an enteric-coated drug. Which of the following should the nurse inform the client regarding the administration of this drug?

It should not be chewed or crushed. The nurse should inform the client that enteric-coated drugs should not be chewed, crushed, or cut, because if the integrity of the coating is impaired, it dissolves prematurely in the gastric secretions and can irritate the lining of the stomach or be absorbed too quickly. Solid oral drugs that are not enteric-coated may have a groove so that they can be cut into pieces. Capsules, not enteric tablets, should not be opened. Enteric drugs are not available in liquid form.

Which of the following routes of medication administration is most commonly prescribed?

Oral Oral administration is the most commonly used route of administration. It is usually the route most convenient and comfortable for the patient.

The nursing student identifies which technique as the correct one to use when giving oral medications to an infant?

Use a dropper and slowly inject the liquid into the side of the infant's mouth When giving liquid medication to an infant or child, the nurse should never administer it while the child is flat. Doing so could cause a child to aspirate. The nurse uses the dropper by placing it so the fluid flows slowly into the side of the child's mouth. The nurse should make sure the end of the syringe rests at the side of the infant's mouth to help prevent aspiration as well.

The nurse is teaching the patient to instill eye drops. Which of the following statements is correct?

Wash your hands before and after instilling eye drops and do not touch the tip of the bottle. Eye medications should be administered using an aseptic technique. Therefore, handwashing and not contaminating the tip of the medication container is important. Eye drops are administered after eye ointments and not before. The waiting time between eye ointments is 10 minutes. The patient should also be taught to wait 5 minutes between the instillation of different eye drops. Contact lenses should be removed before eye drops or ointment is applied.