Week 4 Quiz (chapter 7,22,23)

What cells in the pancreas produce insulin?

beta cells

what is the primary source of the thyroid hormone?

calcitonin

Damage to cells of the Zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex would result in

decreased ability to convert fatty acids to glucose

The synthesis of glucose from a non-carbohydrate precursor is referred to as

gluconeogenesis

insulin inhibits what?

gluconeogenesis (generation of glucose from certain non-carbohydrate substrates)

What can the brain use for energy?

glucose and ketones

Insulin stimulates what?

glycolysis (the breakdown of glucose by enzymes that release energy and pyruvic acid)

parathyroid hormone is in

kidneys and liver

when blood glucose levels increase, what is secreted?

only insulin is secreted

what happens to excess glucose in the body?

It undergoes lipogenesis (the metabolic formation of fat)

what is the primary site of nutrient pools that are available for immediate use in the body?

plasma

anabolic pathways include

reactions that require a net input of energy and reactions that result in the synthesis of large biomolecules

How is iodide brought into follicular cells from the bloodstream in the thyroid gland?

sodium iodide symporter

D cells in the islet of Langerhans secrete

somatostatin

parathyroid hormone

stimulates osteoclast activity, increases the level of calcium ions in the blood, increases the rate of calcium absorption, decreases the rate of calcium excretion