week_3
what is content delivery network (cdn)?
a distributed server network
hypervisor
a piece of software that runs above the physical server, or host
bare metal server
a single-tenant, dedicated physical server
subnets
allow users to deploy enterprise application using the same multi-tier concepts used in on-premises environments
which of the following are examples of single-tenant compute environments in the cloud?
bare metal servers dedicated host
cloud storage options
block storage file storage object storage
characteristics of bare metal servers
can take longer to provision minutes to hours more expensive than vms only offered by some cloud providers
another networking capability provided by the cloud providers is:
cdns
computing resources
cloud providers offer several computers options- virtual servers (software based), bare metal servers (physical servers), and "server less" (abstraction) computing resources
public interfaces
connect the servers to the public internet
what are some key differences between containers and virtual machines?
containers can use the same os as the host, while a virtual machine needs its own copy of the os, which can also be different from the host os containers are more lightweight as compared to virtual machines
bare metal servers work best for:
cpu and i/o intensive workloads excel with highest performance and security satisfy strict compliance requirements offer complete flexibility, control and transparency come with added management and operational overhead
which of these scenarios is ideal for the use job bare metal servers, as opposed to virtual servers?
cpu and i/o intensive workloads huge performance and strict security and compliance requirements
there are four main types of cloud storage available. which storage type is sometimes called "local storage"?
direct attached
cloud storage is available in four main types
direct attached file storage block storage object storage
there are four types of cloud storage available. which storage type is ephemeral or non-persistent?
direct attached storage
load balancers
distribute the traffic and allow applications to be responsive
building a cloud network
entails creating a set of logical constructs that deliver networking functionality akin to data center networks for securing environments and ensuring high performing business applications
what makes file storage an ideal solution for scenarios where shared storage is needed?
file storage can be mounted on multiple compute nodes at the same time
some of the traditional hardware appliances:
firewalls load balancers gateways traffic analyzers
bare metal server workloads
fully customizable/ demanding environments dedicated or long-term usage high performance computing highly secure/isolated environments
bare metal server example workloads
hpc (high-performance computing) big data analytics gpu-intensive solutions erp crm ai deep learning virtualization
containers do not need to
include a guest os in every instance because they leverage host os
web-facing vsis need
internet access
network interfaces in the cloud need:
ip addresses subnets
region
is a geographic area or location where a cloud provider's infrastructure is clustered
application responsiveness ensured using
load balancers
cloud network
logical instances networking functions as a service vnics
what is file storage sometimes called?
nfs (network file storage)
which of these statements is true of file storage but not object storage?
not highly resilient and available not include data encryption at rest and in transit storage is attached to computer nodes using an ethernet network
the most common mode of storage
object storage it's both highly distributed and resilient
which of these are features of object storage?
object storage is effectively infinite you can directly use object storage without attaching it to a compute node
traditional data centers
often struggle with scale, performance and distributed characteristics of cloud
which of the following is not a good fit for object storage
operation systems or applications like databases
on premise
physical devices networking equipment in physical racks nics
private interfaces
provide connectivity to your other cloud resources and help keep them secure
virtual servers
rapidly provisioned provide an elastic & scalable environment low cost to use
the infrastructure layer is foundation of the cloud and consists of physical resources. where do these physical resources reside?
regions, zones, and data centers
networking infrastructure in a cloud datacenter includes traditional networking hardware like:
routers switches
it is even more important to configure which network traffic and users can access your resources:
security groups acls vlans vpcs vpns
access control lists (acls)
serve as subnet-level firewall
virtualization is the process of creating a software-based or virtual version of something. what is typically created with virtualization in the cloud
servers, storage devices, networking resources, and applications
what benefits do runtime engines provide to containers?
share the operating system (os) with other containers
what is the main benefit of a content delivery network (cdn)?
speed, it makes your website faster by serving files from a location closer to the user
what is a standard tier bucket in object storage typically used for?
storing objects that are frequently accessed
which part of a logically segment cloud network is the main area where security is implemented?
subnets
the faster the read/write speed
the higher the per gigabyte cost
why do bare metal servers take longer to provision than virtual server?
they are physical servers that can be customized to specified capacity
which type of virtual machine (vm) takes advantage of unused capacity in data centers at a much lower cost than regular vms of similar sizes?
transient or spot vms
each cloud region can have multiple zones (also known as availability zones.) what are zones?
unique physical locations with one or more data centers
public gateways enable
user access from the internet
security groups provide security for
virtual instances
enterprises securely connect to cloud using
virtual private networks (vpns)
cloud storage
where you save data and files in the cloud
direct attached (local storage)
within same server or rack fast use for os ephemeral (temporary) not shared non- resilient
which of these scenarios are best suited for block storage?
workloads that need low-latency storage applications that need consistent fast access to disk, such as databases
is it possible to run completely different operating systems on virtual machines (vms) that are on a single host? if yes, what makes this possible?
yes, virtualization makes it possible- to have vms, running different operating systems, on a single host