Welding Carbon and Alloy Steels 2nd Year

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What is the carbon content range of low carbon steels?

0.05% to 0.30%

What is the carbon content range of medium carbon steel?

0.30% to 0.45%

What is the carbon content range of high carbon steels?

0.45% to 0.75%

What is the carbon content range of very high carbon steels?

0.75% to 1.50%

Which governing body writes specifications for structural steel shapes and plates?

ASTM

Which two organizations work closely together in issuing steel specifications for the fabrication of boilers and pressure vessels?

ASTM and ASME

If a SMAW alloy electrode contains nickel as the major alloy addition in the coating, which letter would be in the suffix?

C

The slag of an E10018 is similar to the slag of which electrode?

E7018

Which steels are designed to provide improved strength, corrosion resistance or notch toughness while retaining good weldability?

HSLA

What is one characteristic of high strength low alloy steels?

They have a higher strength-to-weight ratio than carbon steels.

How are the mechanical properties of low alloy SMAW electrodes improved over low carbon electrodes?

by adding alloying elements to the coating

What is the principal hardening agent in steel?

carbon

In the SAE or AISI number 1025, the number 25 indicates the:

carbon content in hundredths of 1%.

What is indicated by the first digit in the SAE or AISI numbering system?

class of steel

Leaf springs used on automobiles are made from what type of carbon steel?

high carbon steel

What is one advantage of using low alloy steels?

improve resistance to heat and corrosion

What is the purpose of having a chromium content of 10% to 30% in steel?

increase corrosion resistance

What is the major ingredient in the coating of an E9018?

lime

What type of material is E8018-B2L suitable for?

low alloy steels containing 0.50% to 1.25% chromium, 0.50% molybdenum

Which class of steel is generally tough, ductile, easily formed and usually welded without preheat?

low carbon

Structural shapes are made from what type of carbon steel?

low carbon steel

Which element in carbon steels, in percentages up to about 0.80%, is intended to combine with sulphur to offset embrittlement and hot shortness?

manganese

Which element, in percentages of 1% to 15%, increases the toughness and hardenability of steel?

manganese

Axles and connecting rods are made from what type of carbon steel?

medium carbon steel

The suffix A1 indicates what specific alloy has been added to the coating?

molybdenum

Which element is used to decrease high temperature creep (slow stretching of steel under stress at high temperatures)?

molybdenum

Which element increases the strength and toughness of steel at low temperatures?

nickel

In high percentages, this element is considered an impurity. In low percentages up to approximately 0.01%, it slightly improves the strength and corrosion resistance of low carbon steel.

phosphorus

The SAE and AISI use the same numbering system for what type(s) of steel products?

steel bars

The content of this element in carbon steel is usually kept below 0.05%, but a content of 0.1% to 0.15% can improve its machinability.

sulphur

Which two elements exist in small quantities in carbon steels and are usually considered impurities?

sulphur, phosphorus

What do the suffixes such as A1, B4 or C3 refer to in low alloy electrodes?

the specific additions of alloying elements

In the AWS classification system for low alloy electrodes, what identifies the specific additions for alloys?

the suffixes

Why are small amounts of nickel, chromium or molybdenum added to low alloy steels?

to increase strength, hardness and toughness

Why is tungsten alloyed with tool steels?

to retain hardness at high temperatures

Why is preheat necessary in the welding of most high carbon steels?

to slow down the cooling rate

What is the alloying element in carbon steel that tends to produce a fine grain structure during the heat-treating process?

vanadium

Punches and dies are made from what class of carbon steel?

very high


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