western civ chapter 15
When speaking of "moral economy," historians are referring to
a vision of the world in which community needs predominate over competition and profit.
The final collapse of Spain as a great military power was symbolized by the defeat at the Battle of Rocroi and the resulting Treaty of
the Pyrenees.
In the seventeenth century, why did rulers hesitate to crush rebellions?
Armies were expensive to deploy, and rulers feared creating martyrs.
The Baroque style flourished in the context of the
Catholic Reformation
Political power in the Dutch Republic was
Controlled by an oligarchy of wealthy merchants
In return for financial support, what did Charles II of England secretly promise Louis XIV of France?
English laws against Catholics would be eased and England gradually re-Catholicized.
How did Frederick William, the Great Elector of Prussia, persuade the Junker nobility to accept taxation without consent in order to fund the army?
He confirmed the junkers' privileges, including their authority over the serfs
How did Frederick William I, king of Prussia, sustain agricultural production while dramatically expanding the size of his army?
He ordered all Prussian men to undergo military training, after which they could return home and serve as army reservists.
What was the consequence of Rákóczy's rebellion for Habsburg rule?
Hungary was never fully integrated into a centralized, absolute Habsburg state.
How did the Peace of Westphalia mark a turning point in European history?
Large-scale armed conflicts over religious faith came to an end.
Why did Ivan IV of Russia bind urban merchants and artisans to their towns?
So he could tax them more heavily
Which of the following best characterizes the English Revolution of 1688?
The revolution did not constitute a democratic revolution since sovereignty was placed in the Parliament, which only represented the upper classes.
Within the Ottoman government, who staffed the top levels of the bureaucracy?
The sultan's slave corps
How did the princes of Moscow seek to legitimize their authority as rulers of an independent state?
They modeled their rule on the Mongol khans.
How did Peter the Great's westernizing reforms affect the process of marriage?
Young noble men and women were required to attend parties together and could freely choose their own spouses.
The primary cause of the English Glorious Revolution was
a fear of the establishment of Catholic absolutism by James II
French foreign policy under Richelieu focused primarily on the
prevention of the Habsburgs from unifying the territories surrounding France.
Women play all the of the following roles in patronage system except?
serving on royal councils
The guiding force behind Cardinal Richelieu's domestic policies was
to strengthen royal control
The plays of Molière and Racine
marked the finest achievements in the history of french theatre
Oliver Cromwell's Protectorate is best described as a
military dictatorship.
Why did the English government arrive at a crisis situation by 1640?
Charles I attempted to govern without Parliament and finance his government by emergency taxes.
How did Archbishop of Canterbury William Laud create conflict in Britain in the 1630s?
He sought to impose the Anglican Book of Common Prayer on Presbyterian Scotland.
How did the Treaty of Utrecht resolve the problem of succession to the Spanish throne?
Louis XIV of France's grandson, Philip, was placed on the French throne with the agreement that the French and Spanish thrones would never be united.
How did famines affect the European population in the seventeenth century?
Malnutrition made people susceptible to deadly diseases, which reduced the population significantly.
How did the nature of armed forces change in the latter half of the seventeenth century?
New techniques for training and deploying soldiers led to a rise in the professional standards of the army.
In eastern Europe between 1500 and 1650, the growth of commercial agriculture was accompanied by the
consolidation of serfdom.
Mercantilist theory postulated that
economic activity should be regulated by and for the state