whats up

What does the textbook suggest about the catharsis theory of aggression?

Aggressive behaviors tend to increase, not decrease, aggressive emotions.

Benicio doesn't know anyone when he first arrives at the university. Whom will he most likely become friends with by the end of the semester (ignoring personality and physical attractiveness)?

His roommate

A saleswoman visited Kassandra and told her about a great new vacuum that cost $

Low-ball

What did research find about the validity of people's impressions of potential partners during a "speed dating" exercise?

People's first impressions were consistent with compatibility as assessed by a reliable instrument.

Regarding interpersonal attraction, which of the following statements is FALSE?

The factor of similarity has not been shown to play a major role in the development of close friendships or even one's casual acquaintances.

Principal Sockman believes that weekly seminars designed to reward children for sensitivity and cooperation will help to reduce acts of aggression in his school. What does the research say about this type of intervention?

These programs have failed to gain research support.

All of the following are likely to encourage helping behavior EXCEPT

a diffusion of responsibility.

According to dissonance theory, which individual should experience the greatest change in attitude?

a humanitarian who tells a lie to earn $20

Alma tells a fellow coworker that so many minority group members wouldn't be poor if they weren't so "lazy" and wanted to "live off the government." Alma's prejudiced statement is an example of

a just-world belief.

In his experiments on conformity, Solomon Asch found that ____ of the participants conformed to an obviously incorrect group norm at least once in a series of trials.

about three-fourths

Martin, a 32-year-old human relations administrator at a university, believes that all professors over age 50 are incapable of learning the new educational technologies and are content to keep presenting their same "tired, boring" lectures. He often expresses these views to other administrators and does not encourage any of the "older" faculty members to attend professional development meetings related to new teaching approaches nor does he suggest that the university send them to any of the technology conferences. Martin is exhibiting

ageism

Any action carried out with the intention of harming another person is referred to as

aggression

Roger attempts to get his way no matter whether it hurts other people's feelings or not. He tends to choose and make decisions for his family members without considering what they would prefer. Roger's behavior would best be described as

aggressive

Being born into an organized society means that which of the following are present when we arrive?

all of these

The liking or disliking we have for people, places, and things in our world are known as ____.

attitudes

A judgment about the cause of a person's behavior is called a(n) ____.

attribution

Research suggests that if you wish to persuade an audience, both sides of the argument should

be presented only to a well-informed audience.

Celeste worked and voted for a candidate that she later discovered was dishonest and immoral. These facts made Celeste very uncomfortable because these were attributes that she does not admire. Celeste's feelings can best be explained by the

cognitive dissonance theory.

Regarding Sternberg's triangular theory of love, empty love involves

commitment only.

While social pressures are indirect in situations involving conformity, the social pressures are direct and involve bending to the requests of another person who has little or no social power or authority in __________ situations.

compliance

Racial profiling by law enforcement in which specific racial groups are targeted for questioning or cited more often than other groups for minor infractions, such as illegal lane change, is an example of

discrimination

Finding something attractive or unattractive, desirable or undesirable is the basis for which component of an attitude?

emotional

As part of a psychology experiment, Rohit had to solve a set of math problems by himself and then another set of problems with three other people. Rohit found that he didn't apply himself as much in the group as when he was working alone. Remembering his psychology material, Rohit said to himself, "Oh, wow! I must be

exhibiting social loafing."

Which of the following is NOT one of the three components of an attitude?

experience

You ask your friend to review a couple of pages of your term paper as you begin writing the paper, and she agrees. Later, you ask her to read the whole 15-page paper after you finish. She will most likely comply because of the

foot-in-the-door effect.

A compulsion by decision makers to maintain each other's approval, even at the cost of critical thinking and good judgment, is called

groupthink

When a small group of people will not tolerate alternative views and comes to maintain their own viewpoint due to misguided loyalty at the cost of critical thinking, this situation is referred to as

groupthink

Jenny is set up on a blind date by her roommate. Though in many ways her date seems like a perfect match for her, she finds herself turned off by his tattoo sleeves, and opts not to go out with him again. This is an example of the ______.

halo effect

Many studies suggest that we may be motivated to help when we see a person in trouble, because of

heightened arousal.

The study of attribution is most closely associated with ____.

impression formation

Group cohesiveness is particularly strong for groups to which a person identifies and to which one attributes positive characteristics. These groups are called __________ groups.

in

Studies on the amount of conformity pressure created when a small group of people is doing the same thing show that conformity pressure is ____.

increased with each additional person, but only up to a point, and then it levels off

Janette goes into an electronics superstore to buy a new computer. The salesperson works with her to find the right model, and she agrees to buy a new computer for $500 and a floor-model 18-inch monitor for $100. Just when she is ready to pay, the salesperson walks away for a minute and then comes back to inform her that the monitor she was ready to purchase can't be sold for less than $125. She agrees to the extra $25 even though they had initially agreed on the $100 selling price. Janette has fallen for the ________ technique of gaining compliance.

low-balling

The motivation behind the self-serving bias appears to be to ____.

make ourselves feel better

What is the definition of conformity?

matching behavior and appearance to perceived social norms

Asch is to conformity as Milgram is to

obedience

Caleb's fifth-grade teacher, Mr. Tsoi, has just told Caleb to sit down. Although Caleb doesn't want to, he sits down. This is an example of

obedience

Raul dislikes jalapeno peppers because every time he eats them, he has acid reflux. Consequently, he does not eat them anymore. Raul's avoidance of jalapenos is most likely due to ____.

operant conditioning

Which ability most contributes to the strength and endurance of the human species?

our ability to communicate, work together, and form alliances

We tend to emphasize positive aspects of what we choose, while downgrading other alternatives in order to minimize

our cognitive dissonance.

The three components of Sternberg's triangular theory of love are

passion, intimacy, and commitment.

Racism, sexism, and ageism are examples of

prejudices reflected in governmental policies.

In a study by Steele, African-American college students performed poorer on a task than European-American college students when they were told the task was a test of academic ability, while they performed the same as the European-American college students when they were told the task was a laboratory problem-solving task. The results of this study illustrate the concept of

stereotype threat.

When engaging in the attribution process, the observer's focus tends to be on ____.

the actor

When compliance occurs as a result of getting a person to agree to a smaller request after having turned down a large request, this is called ____.

the door-in-the-face technique

When people assume that the actions of actors in television programs are due to the personalities of the actors rather than the obvious external cause that they are playing a character, these television viewers are exhibiting

the fundamental attribution error.

Jessica, Zach, and their dog Max have been together for 12years. Their friends joke that they all look alike. Jessica and Zach are both very attractive with dark hair and dark eyes. This similarity is known as ____.

the matching hypothesis

Which of the following is a classic model that is used to assess people's likelihood of acting in a cooperative or competitive manner?

the prisoner's dilemma

People are more likely to be persuaded by a message delivered by someone ____.

with whom they share some similarity

In a jigsaw classroom, students ____.

work together on projects in ways that make them dependent upon each other