wk 9 questions

4. A template strand of DNA is read in the _____ direction in order to direct synthesis of RNA in the _____ direction. 5'-3'; 3'-5' 3'-5'; 3'-5' 5'-3'; 5'-3' 3'-5'; 5'-3' Score: 1 of 1

3'-5'; 5'-3'

Assuming that transcription and translation both proceed from left to right, which is the correct orientation of the DNA template, the RNA transcript, and the protein product? DNA template 3'- ......... -5' RNA transcript 5'- ......... -3' Protein product HOOC- ....... ..-NH2 DNA template 5'- ......... -3' RNA transcript 5'- ......... -3' Protein product H2N- ....... -COOH DNA template 5'- ......... -3' RNA transcript 3'- ......... -5' Protein product HOOC- ....... ..-NH2 DNA template 3'- ......... -5' RNA transcript 5'- ......... -3' Protein product H2N- ....... -COOH

DNA template 3'- ......... -5' RNA transcript 5'- ......... -3' Protein product H2N- ....... -COOH

3. Among the possible errors listed below, which would prevent an mRNA with the correct sequence from being translated appropriately? The 5′ cap was not added. None of the other answer options is correct. Either the 5′ cap was not added or the poly(A) tail was not formed. The DNA sequence was incorrect. The poly(A) tail was not formed. Score: 1 of 1

Either the 5′ cap was not added or the poly(A) tail was not formed.

5. Because there are three different possible reading frames in a messenger RNA molecule, most mRNAs can be translated in a cell into three different proteins. True False

F

4. All introns have identical lengths and sequences. False True Score: 1 of 1

False

Most proteins retain metabolic activity when denatured. False True Score: 1 of 1

False

3. Which of the following statements about amino acids is INCORRECT? Not every amino acid is asymmetric. The bridge between cysteines, which connects parts of a protein, is a stable but noncovalent interaction. A turn or kink in a protein is more likely to be induced by a proline than by a glycine. At typical cellular pH, the R groups of basic amino acids are positively charged. The more glycines that are found in a polypeptide's primary sequence, the more flexible the backbone of that polypeptide. Score: 1 of 1

The bridge between cysteines, which connects parts of a protein, is a stable but noncovalent interaction.

5. Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding a basic amino acid? A basic amino acid would be considered both polar and hydrophobic. All of these choices are correct. The positively charged R group of a basic amino acid could bind DNA. The hydrophilic R group of a basic amino acid will be located in the interior of a protein. The R group of a basic amino acid would only be able to form covalent bonds with other molecules. Score: 1 of 1

The positively charged R group of a basic amino acid could bind DNA.

2. Amino acids with hydrophobic R groups are most often found buried in the interior of folded proteins. True False Score: 1 of 1

True

2. Whichever DNA strand is transcribed, the RNA polymerase reads the template strand from 3′ to 5′. True False Score: 1 of 1

True

An intron is: part of an RNA transcript that is not present in the DNA template. part of an intact, mature mRNA that leaves the nucleus. a polypeptide that is clipped out of a larger protein post-translationally. an RNA sequence that is removed during the processing of an RNA molecule in the nucleus. a type of transfer RNA. Score: 1 of 1

an RNA sequence that is removed during the processing of an RNA molecule in the nucleus.

3. In eukaryotes, activator proteins bind to _____; generalized transcription factors bind to _____. DNA polymerases; RNA polymerases promoters; terminators enhancers; promoters promoters; enhancers terminators; RNA polymerases Score: 1 of 1

enhancers; promoters

2. In messenger RNA, the protein-coding sequence is present in: exons and the poly(A) sequence. introns. introns and the poly(A) sequence. exons. Score: 1 of 1

exons.

A template DNA strand contains the sequence 3'-ATGCTGAC-5'. This strand is transcribed: from right to left. from left to right. Score: 1 of 1

from left to right.

4. You are studying a protein that you call Protein X. There is an aspartic acid at a key position in Protein X that is important in the folding and stabilization of that protein. If this aspartic acid is changed to a different amino acid, which one of the following amino acid substitutions is MOST likely to allow the protein to fold normally? glutamic acid glycine arginine serine threonine Score: 1 of 1

glutamic acid

6. A consecutive sequence of codons following a start codon is called a: template strand. reading frame. peptide. genetic code. gene.

reading frame.

2. In eukaryotes, the AUG codon that starts translation is: adjacent to the 5' cap on the mRNA. None of the other answer options is correct. the AUG nearest the 5' cap on the mRNA. at the 5' end of the mRNA. adjacent to a Shine-Dalgarno sequence. Score: 1 of 1

the AUG nearest the 5' cap on the mRNA.