Woman Studies Final

CR: "female chauvinist pigs" [FCPs]; loophole woman (Levy)

"G stringed divas" why would a middle aged woman make a show about stipper? "Has to be about bodies and sexuality" Why slut shamming, not work discrimination. The woman are beautiful and the men are fools What is cool is for women to take a guys eye view of pop culture in general. - "Chauvinist pig" Sheila Nevina :created a Tv show about stipper and Loves lap dancing - Male Chauvinist pig is seen as unenlightened perv but the female Chauvinist pig (FCP) is an enlighted, post feminist, funny and gets it. - Why beat them when you can join them - loophole woman: an exception in a male dominated field whose presence proves that she can enter into that world. - Woman in entertainment are rare breed - woman who have wanted to be in powerful positions or just perceived as such have found it easier to become on of the guys then to uphold other females. - example: hillary clinton, looks like that of a man's silhouette. - women: talented powerful unrepentant : described as man - Raunch provides women to obtain the acceptance of a loophole woman or FCP to be like men and actively effusive to women. if you are a woman who archives like a man, you will always still be a woman. The ego must not be the solution : the rule is the women are inferior and you have made no progress.

Gender & Globalization (lecture + posted ppt):

- woman experience higher levels of poverty - globalization and cheap labor relies on woman and children - woman + children in sweat shops, export processing zones, sub- contracted work. (woman are in lowest paying jobs) - retrenchment + job loss= privatization hurts woman the most - Decrease is public social expenditure ( health care, education, social welfare) hurts woman the most - majority of garment workers are woman - only 47% of clothes are made in the us - industry makes 3 trillion while garment workers are on of lowest paid workers.

breast cancer

1/8 of woman wi develop breast cancer and it could be due to environmental facts however there is not solid evidence to make that a conclusive fact. 42000 woman die every year. White woman are more susceptible to getting breast cancer however black woman are 2x more likely to die. this is because of : later treatment, medical bias, no healthcare; poverty, no regular check ups, medical systems are not taking black and brown pain seriously racism in the institution of the medical system such as racist stereo types in medical treatment.

Emma Goldman (GVFV 410; Canvas: Activist Profile)

1910 socialist anarchist Emma Goldman advocate for marriage being a economic transition that binds women to be dependent on men through love and personal and sexual services and society through unpaid housework. She also believes that marriage is only an institution that upholds gender oppression and does not constitute love

Griswold v. Connecticut

1965 courts decision that granted all married couples the right to buy and take birth control. however not until 1972 were single people allowed birth control. 1977, minors. Sterilization practices; Population Control; Eugenics Movement

VAWA Violence Against Women Act (p534)

1994- sexual assault reports were not accepted without sketpticism or blaming the victim Before 1970s activism women had to prove they resisted sexual assault The entire sexual history of the victim were given if they went to court Husbands were exempt from rape charges against thier wives 1972 grassroots groups gave care and services to victims and changed the laws on reporting Domestic violence was considered a family matter and police and judges did not want to interfere Didn't get attention until 1980s codify domestic violence as criminal conduct, increased penalties and made civil protection orders and required law enforcement to have domestic violence training 1994; national organization of woman: passed VAWA!!!!!! Four subtitles of act Safe home Safe streets Civil rights for women/ equal justice for women in courts Prosecution of battered immigrant children and women What is also did- changed rules of evidence, police procedures, penalties, and court procedures and it authorized funding for prevention education and training. In 2013 the 1st reauthorization of required to include trans gay and bisexual / tribal to prosecute no tribal members on tribal lands

Personal Responsibilities Act (lecture; GVFV p600)

1996 terminated a major source of welfare, aid to families with dependent children and replaced it with the temporary Assistance to Needy Families. Under this no family could receive welfare for mare that 5 months Welfare was transferred to states through the grant plac system which gave states the opportunity to create their own welfare agenda. Keepted low income families insufficient and made low wage womans independence irrelevant: cut safety net programs, reduced spendings on medicare and medicaid, raised # of hours mothers receiving welfare must work, study or be involved in training (30-40 houses) Communities of color are experiencing these "reforms" in the most hurtful way. Increase their vulnerabilities

Sexual Assault and Rape Stats: GVFV p542 & RAINN.org Social Myths about rape, p545 + lecture

1:3 women to 1:4 women will experience sexual assault ½ all females raped under the age of 18 ⅕ females under the age of 12 are raped Trans women of color are the most vulnerable 2:3 of all rapes are committed by someone the victim knows Intimate partner violence- 56 women are victimized by an intimate partner every hour- COVID has made this worse 90-95% of sexual assaults are against females by males

poverty stats: p599]

2018 40.6 million people lived in poverty 6 million fewer than 2014 Official poverty rate 12.7% with approximately 22% Black Americans a little over 19% latinX and 9% of the white population Women generally have 1;8 or 13% poverty 82% of the wealth from 2017 went to the 1% woman of color : black and native american woman 23% , 21% latinx, 12 % Asian amaerican 32% woman with disability in poverty.

Wage gap (lecture; GVFV stats p480-2)

2018 average CEO 300 times that of an average wage earner (not counting pensions and special compensation/ privileges) Global gender gap- gender pay gap- women's medium earning is divided by men's medium earning- (many women work part time and get fewer benefits and less pay- also less likely to be in unions & put in vulnerable positions in terms of wage negotiations) Gender wage gap- women earn 81 cents for every dollar a man earns Almost twice as many women as men earn minimum wage or less each year. Will take 2058 years for women and men to earn equal pay Women's medium weekly earnings was $783 vs a man's at $965 Black women earn 92.5% of black men's earnings and 68% of white men's annual median earnings Latina's earn 87% of a latino's and only 62% of a white man's annual median income. Asian American women 90% Asian man's and 87% white man's Since the 1980s Education has improved: 42% now have bachelor's degrees or higher compared with 11% in the 90's Women own a majority of college degrees Equal pay gap signed 1963 and since then gender pay gap has been slowly closing Wage gap has narrowed by less than half a cent per year Raising the minimum wage would help all people and help many who are working but in poverty Why do women earn less than men- 1st- men and women work in different jobs (horizontal segregation) - the jobs women hold are valued and considered as less Second- vertical occupational segregation- ways women and men are in different specialties within same occupation- women earn less than men in 99% of all occupations Finally total pay gap can not be explained by vertical or horizontal occupational segregation it also involves overt and covert discrimination of women and other marginalized workers. Institutionalized inequality reinforces the discourse around gender, race, age, sexuality, social class, to reinforce peoples worth and what work they should do

No abortion consequence

3/4 of woman say they would still pursue illegal abortions. unsafe, not done by doctors, not done correctly (back ally and coat hanger). 5,000 botched abortions year before 1973.

-Illegal abortions & other abortion stats

4-10 pregnancies are terminated by abortion, out of all pregnancies including miscarriages 2-10 are terminated by abortion.

Illegal abortions & other abortion stats, current Abortion Restrictions

4/10 unwanted pregnancies are terminated by abortions 2/10 of all pregnancies including miscarriages end in abortion By the age of 45 at least ½ of all American women will experience unintended pregnancy and ⅓ of these will end in abortion Betwen 1860-1800 more thena 40 laws restricted abortion and remained largely enacted for a century The Comstock law made abortion invisible Abortions continued to be performed but were called something else- were done to save mother's health and life Illegal abortions were rampant and often unsafe Religious objections were not at the root of anitabortion legislation Supreme Court 1970s decision was a return to what American's believed and practiced in the past Abortion Restrictions Parental notification Vast majority occur 8 months before (in the first month of pregnancy) After 2024 there is a chance that Roe Vs. Wade might be overturned Mandatory waiting periods-not enough time, run out the clock, much too expensive One clinic will not do it (they need to go to a different clinic, where to stay, who watches kid, who works) Restrictions on hospitals all hallways must be 9 feet wide Admitting rights for doctors CPCs and sidewalk counselors Within CPCs they are fake- spread misinformation about abortions giving women breast cancer, show dead fetus pictures and give ultra sounds They are financed by taxpayers State mandated counseling Insurance Hyde Amendment Trap Laws- target restrictions against abortion providers Gag laws

"Gender & School Shootings"

98% of all mass shootings in the US are perpetrated by males-specifically young makes under 30 years old School shooting research shows that most shooters carry out assault because they were reacting against not being able to conform to masculinity norms- bullied by other males, rejected by females, benign called homo or fag and being otherwise emasculated by classmates and teachers. This contributes to damaged masculinity While male identity is the main link for male shooters they are also majority white a hetero which correlates with the backlash against having their status of entitlement denied Another common factor is misogyny (hating and violence against women because they deny them sex or attention)

Planned Parenthood v. Casey

A 1992 case in which the Supreme Court loosened its standard for evaluating restrictions on abortion from one of "strict scrutiny" of any restraints on a "fundamental right" to one of "undue burden" that permits considerably more regulation. Parent notification, mandatory counseling and waiting periods, and limitations on public spending for abortion services. Additionally refusal clauses prevent women from obtaining any information and medical care because hospital employees, hospitals, healthcare providers, pharmacist, employers, and insures are able to refuse Pay counseling or referrals for medical treatment that they oppose. Gag laws prohibit health providers from counseling or referring women to abortion care.

Medicare

A program added to the Social Security system in 1965 that provides hospitalization insurance for the elderly and permits older Americans to purchase inexpensive coverage for doctor fees and other health expenses.

Sweatshop

A shop or factory where workers work long hours at low wages under unhealthy conditions. paid less than minimum wage, not paid overtime and other labor laws are violated. (working in some cases 12-14 hours )

Reproductive Justice

Access to affordable and and safe birthing, parenting, birth control technology, freedom from forced sterilization, and the right to abortion.

Margret Sanger

American leader of the movement to legalize birth control during the early 1900's. As a nurse in the poor sections of New York City, she had seen the suffering caused by unwanted pregnancy. Founded the first birth control clinic in the U.S. and the American Birth Control League, which later became Planned Parenthood.

Andrea Smith

Andrea Lee Smith is an American academic, feminist, and activist against violence. Smith's work focuses on issues of violence against women of color and their communities, specifically Native American women. A co-founder of INCITE! Wrote "beyond the politics of insight"

"Betrayed by the Angel" (#69)- by Debra Anne Davis

Angel- be polite pause bitchiness- perpetuates capitalization on women's politeness As young women we are programmed to be polite rather than set boundaries which can be seen as rude sometimes. She hesitates as a stranger enters her home and he rapes her. She was "betrayed by the angel"- because her inclination to be polite did not prevent her from being polite. Virginia Woolf quote=she has to kill the angel inside her so that she can stand up for herself

Working at Bazooms-- dress code, emotional labor, resistance (CR: Loe, lecture)

Bazooms- Like Hooters- dress code- appearance-short shorts, and choice of a tank top cropped or tight t-shirt. Always wearing a size too small showing off midriff and chest. Power techniques are used on Bazooms girls- such as pop quizzes (jump starts)- girls are critiqued about makeup, hair, appearance and you are meant to fit into a certain look- natural wholesome cheerleader girl next door. When you are applying for the job 6 "lucky" girls are picked. Also critique your behavior- "Emotional Labor"- you must act nice, passive, smile, enjoy gross behavior from men, not be bothered by unwanted affection/ attention, laugh at jokes, act in ways that boost male ego and don't talk back.- this is hard as you try and suppress all of your regular feelings Emotional workers must always be on display- constantly having to display themselves and suppress natural feelings If not perfect Bazooms girls they do things to get rid of you- change schedule without telling you Clause: Have to sign a sexual harassment Clause because it is part of their job to put up with that- not allowed to sue Language- language such as being addressed as "girls"- demeaning; management is not called Bazooms boys- restaurant is literally named after a fragmentations of the female body Resistance- gossip- called interactional techniques- all talking about management behind their backs- all hate them. They tell the gross men that they are moms or college students working this job to make ends meet. Altering the dress code. But don't have much power because they get fired if they do not comply

2004

Bush signs "unborn Victims of Violence Act" giving zygotes, embryos, fetus the same legal and moral rights as persons, ground work in overturning roe v. wad

Click moment

Click" is when u realize the whole system is ****ed and you have to reflect on sled as product and system itself. Dismantling heterosexuality (for example)

Denis Mukwege,

Denis Mukwege is a physician who has dedicated his life to advocate for rape victims who suffered attacks during civil war in the Democratic Republic of Congo. He works in hospitals there and has treated thousands of victims. He is an essential part in the fight to end sexual violence as a result of war. His criticism of the Congolese government's neglect to address these crimes is massively impactful.

Feminism

Feminist thinking is activism Expansion of self, empathy, interest, intelligence and responsibility across a multitude of differences Feminism is not safe! Be critical of instructions, behaviors, culture is hard.

AIDS/HIV stats-- gender, race, class

HIV/Aids is a good way to look at nationally and globally gender inequalities. 1.1 million Americans living with HIVs, a quarter of that are woman. leading cause of death for woman especially in middle income countries such as Sub Sahara Africa. Infection of HIV amounts woman: 59% black, 19 % latinx, 17% white Americans. Socioeconomic impacts increase risk pf HIV infection. woman accounted for 19% of new infections in 2016. Heterosexual contact amongst woman accounts for 87%. 72% of woman using drugs are have HIV. Woman are more at risk because of incentive sex. trangender woman are disproportionally effected by HIV infections. HIV infections are 20 times higher in Black woman than in white woman.

The Handmaid's Tale

Handmaids The duty of the Handmaids is to bear children for older and are used for their fertility by the Gilead society. They are meant to supply children for the wives and the commanders who are higher class. Objectified by men, hated by other woman Always dressed in red and have white cones covering their faces Their fertility is their worth. Wives Wives, who are older, infertile women, married to powerful men. The color of their dresses is a light blue Wives are one of the categories of women that obtain some kind of power. Marthas Marthas who occupy the household and do the cooking. Their uniforms are shaped similarly to the Handmaid's clothing but are colored in a "dull green Aunts They hold some power too Their duty is the training of the Handmaids in the Red Center. electric cattle prods slung on thongs from their leather belts Econowives their stripy dresses which combine all colors. As these dresses suggest, the Econowives occupy all duties at once. They are married to less powerful men and are still fertile which is why they can bear their own children. Unwomen. Were former feminists, homosexuals or other non-conformists who did not ensue to the regime of Gilead. They are sent to the Colonies where they clean up nuclear waste Work as jezebels -characters & plot Offred: of fred( the commander) So deprived of all rights all she has is survival Handmaid Sariba Joy Conservative TV stare, Of the elite class ; miserable No rights/ takes all frustration and anger on offred (horizontal oppression) Sex rituals (placing woman against eachother) The commander Pinnacle of privilege ; created Giliead (no read, no love, no kids, no money, sex slaves) He is a bad guy (himpathy) Because he does not rape; he is presived as good He is doing it again, if they get caught she pays for it Offred's Mother Pre Gillead Feminist; complicate politics; soft quritque of radical feminism when it overlaps in practice with facist Burning of porn is still a kind of controlling of the narrative. Moira Combate, badass, rebellion Real female friendship Nick Real love Still has power over her She gives up her rebellion for nick Plot Takes place in mass maybe wrote in 1986, the Gilliead takes over after the war and the declining birth rates in woman. It is the story of a handmaid ho has constant flash backs of the past society and the current one she is living in. the current one is a society that functions under compleat facism/ totalitarianism/religion/ patriarchy. She is a sex slave to the elit class of the the comander and the wife. She looses her best friend, child and boy friend and mother. She gives up after she falls for Nick. -purpose of book/main social critiques Critique of patriarchy. ( totalitarianism/fasism/religion) A social critique that looks at women's bodies as political instruments. -points of current relevance In my mind it remains relevant today because women's bodies are being controlled by white powerful men. They do this through the government reinforcing anti reproductive rights. The men have the power in this situation. Still 13 white men sitting around a table discussing womans right to birth or not birth. New elected Amy Vivian Coney Barrett, woman in power who is inflicting and stripping woman of repro rights.

Valenti: Ch 3 "Pop Culture Gone Wild"

Her argument is that po culture is constantly appealing to male desire and defies woman as sex objects. She analyzes the mainstream sexulaization of girls such ans playboy and girls gone wild. She critiques the notion of women who are characterized as stpid and slutty just for participation in such things as girls gone wild. She argues that although doing something sexual for the camera to apeal to men is a huge step backwards young gitls need to do stupid things to get to where they are sexually now. Additionally, she critiques how the media asks womans to be devirginized sexy woman. You can lose your virginity but you have to be sexy. This idea that woman are meant to be available and look "hot" however still are not "easy'. Essentially making young girls aspire to be porn woman. Also the idea of justifying rape and rape culture by baming it on the girls actions and dress. Spring breakers was only looking at girls "wrong " decisions.

Dorothy Vaughan - the real "Hidden Figures (lecture ppt)

Her job during World War II was a temporary position, but thanks in part to a new executive order prohibiting discrimination in the defense industry, she was hired on permanently because the laboratory had a wealth of data to process. she and her black colleagues needed to work separately from white female computers, and the first supervisors were white. Vaughan became the first black NACA supervisor in 1949 and made sure that her employees received promotions or pay raises if merited.

2011

House measure to end any federal funding for Planned Parenthood.

Shirley Chisholm 597

In 1968 she ran four and won a seat in the US Congress representing New York's 12th congressional district becoming the first black woman in the house of representatives. Quickly distinguish her self as an outspoken advocate for poor and women's and civil rights against the Vietnam war. She ran for presidency in 1972 peoples candidate. Became the first woman considered for presidential nomination.

Gendered Violence, hate crimes against Transgender women of color

In 2020 there have been at least 34 transgender or non- binary individuals who were murdered. The majorty of these homocides Trans women of color, specificlly Black and Latinx transgender women. This extreme violence inflicted on trans individuals is constantly neglected and excused. In fact, the term "trans panic" is the argument attackers use to justify their attack against transgender victims, due to a heat of the moment violent outlash of internalized transphobia in reaction to "provication" of the trans individuals. The attackers argue that they experience a "panic" and therefore "defend" themselves, however this "trans panic" defense argument only further perpetuates placing the blame of the unwarranted violence on the victim. The misgendering of trans individuals in the media also plays into victim blaming, because, not only does this devalue trans individual's identities, but it also maintains and perpetuates transphobia. By validating the falsehood that because trans individuals are not abiding by "normal" gender binary standards, these victims are blamed for the attackers violent assault. ​"Cistem," the conditioned norm of cisgender identity​. Additionally, although majority of anti-LGBTQIA+ violence is against transgender women, specifically trans women of color, their visibility in film, literature, art and technology has risen and this threatens what we call "cistem". "Cistem" is the societal perception of cisgendered bodies as the acceptable norm. The unforgivable violence perpetrated onto trans and non binary individuals has risen in the year of 2020. This is important to acknowledge in order to combat the overt transphobia that stems from ignorance and the unwillingness to learn.

Shakespeare's Sister (#30)

In Shakespeare's time women were not record in history, however they appear quite a lot in poetry, theater etc. In literature they are vibrant and alive however in reality and in history they are deemed as wives, property of their husbands and uneducated due to circumstance. She presents shakespeare sister as having the genius of her brother and tells her story. She was not able to be educated and learn laten, she was not given the time or resources to pursue a life of theatrical genius because it was not a role that woman held. She had no weath to her name and was married off to a husband. She was laughed at and made fun of in the city of london. Main argument: even if you were a genius there was no outlet for women to express their talent.

Histories of Working Class Women by ethnicity (#57 Hesse- Biber & Carter; HW 4)

In colonial times white woman were mainly in the home and domestic realm and were responsible for cottage industries. There are some accounts of a more equal society amongst men and woman in how work was distributed however the woman got paid less. Black woman were highly discriminated against. They were usually slaves and servants doing hard labor. They were characterized and beasts of burden. They were abused and endured much pain through their lives. In slave times although white woman did not have many rights they did abuse their authority over blaclk slaves to enhance the little rights they had. Native american woman, in most tribes were in charge of agriculture and the home, therefore they had some clout within the community. They lived in a more matriarchal society and sometimes shared the hunting practices. When they went to the reservations the whole society changed and the man gained more control over agriculture.

Beyoncé (CR) + Cardi B (GVFV #35)

In her GQ she depressed the in-depth understanding of gender in the music industry. She states that equality is a myth. Women should be independent financially from me. If men have the money they have the power. If they have the power they define; what's sexy and what has value. Independent women part one: benefit of being a woman who isn't tied to a male breadwinner, theme that repeats itself through Byonces work Telephone lady gaga and beyonce not best song but great example of 2 powerful females cannot work together in popstartem Run the world!!!!!!! Girls run the world, art has its own impact. Byonces is a feminist!!!!! Friendships with women, women singing group and better relationships. Survivor gave hope to generations of gendered music presented by such artists like Britney spears. ( solve own problems)

woman's health care movement

In the history of the US heath care system, women were treated as hysterical and as hypochondriacs, the system medicalized the female body and took away bodily autonomy. 1969 the Boston woman health collective, began to take action and publish works on the female body. 1971 800 woman gathered at the first women's heath conference in NY. Women began to question doctors authority and also, the high rates of diagnosed depression, hysterectomies and radical mastectomies in terms of breast cancer. The movement was largely run by white, middle class woman but soon branched to poor black woman who analyzed the intersections of race , class and gender in the medical system. this led to some recognition of repro rights but also the fight against sterilization. National Women's Health Network, 1975 9all races and social economic classes)

Mary Jackson,

Jackson began her career as a schoolteacher, and had several other jobs before joining NACA. As a computer with the all-black West Area Computing section, she was involved with wind tunnels and flight experiments equal opportunity specialist to help women and minorities

Maxine Hong Kingston 246

Kingston published her first book the woman warrior memoirs of a girl heard a monks ghost the story of a young Chinese American girl who finds her own voice national book crisis circle award. Portrays her struggle with silence was met with a great deal of criticism for many Chinese men who attacked Kingston's exploration of critique call gender and race issues a monks Chinese Americans

Lily Ledbetter, Lily Ledbetter Act (lecture, HW 4)

Lily Ledbetter- woman who worked at a job for years. Found out she had made thousands less because she was a woman- men in her same position made more than her Won in state courts but was appealed and went to the Supreme Court- Lost 5:4 in the Supreme court- reason is because she cashed her paychecks and they argued that in cashing the checks she agreed to the payment as fair compensation Lily Ledbetter Act- named after her- first piece of legislation that Obama signed Law- that prohibits wage discrimination- It renews the ability to sue because of discrimination after each paycheck but th

Sterilization practices; Population Control; Eugenics Movement

Margaret is the mother of planned parenthood. Believed in the eugenics movement Stange bed partner because there was a association between eugenics and birth control movement Based on race, class, ability ect. People were deemed unfit and were serialized Rationale for welfare as being lazy Intelligence testing 1907 involuntary sterilization laws, mean of stemming out the socially unfit 1925 law was enacted Not told about serialization Fanny Low hammer was sterilized California has the highest number of forced sterilization cases in the United States. There are 20,000 people who underwent forced sterilization in California. The reason for sterilizing certain individuals is based on eugenics laws that declare certain people are "mentally ill," "feeble minded," "deviant," or "mentally deficient." The law was used to eliminate individuals (mothers) of low income, immigrants, and minority women from the gene pool because they were deemed "unfit." Another tactic to identify sterilization patients was to give them intelligence testing. These tests were highly biased due to culture and educational opportunity. Between 1907-1937 thirty two states passed sterilization laws with most of them passing in the 1930's and early 1940's. Not until the 1970's were sterilization laws beginning to be repealed and deemed as unconstitutional. The California eugenics sterilization law was not repealed until 1979. In 2013 a journalist reported the story of 146 female prison inmates who were forced to have tubal ligations between 2006-2007. The inmates were majority Black or Latina and were first time offenders. Interestingly, the physicians who conducted this procedure justified their treatment as a savings to the welfare system. In 2020, there were reports of hysterectomies being given to detainees in ICE centers against their will. One nurse, Dawn Wooten, filed a "whistleblower report" complaining that doctor Mehendra Amin at an ICE detention center was infamous for giving women hysterectomies and the nurse feared that the women did not consent to these procedures. Reproductive "choice" The question of whether repro rights is all about choice is subjective. Many marginalized individuals have been sterilized against their will and do not have much choices in this matter, sterilization is ignored in the pro choice movement that is mainly centered around the white middle class.

Malala Yousafzai (Activist Profile p713)

She is the youngest person to ever win a Nobel peace prize. When she was 15 years old in 2012 she was shot in the head by the Taliban and survived and used her global platform to advocate for girls education. She continue to receive death threats against her from the Taliban. She still spoke out and went to school

Dolores Huerta 477

Most influential labor leaders in the united states. Founded the United farmworkers of America. And within that became the voice of a human becoming the first Chicana negotiator tour in labor history. Co chaired the California delegation to the Democratic convention, and lead the struggle for unemployment insurance collective bargaining rights and immigration rights for farmers under the 1985 legislation program

Anarcha, Lucy, Betsey

Mothers of Gynecology. In Sim's studies he mentions 3 of the women's names, ​Anarcha, Lucy and Betsy, who he used as tools to make his scientific discoveries. These 3 women are described by Sims as wanting the surgery very badly, however, there is no documented evidence from the women that this was in fact the case. They were subject to extreme repetitive painful surgical experimentation and they were also stripped of their dignity. Sims invited other doctors and physicians to watch as he performed the surgery on their bodies. Additionally, historical records depicting Sim's work deny his experimentation on the bodies of Black women.

why are the poorest countries poor?

Myth: lack of natural resources - all are post colonial (left with nothing) - systematic exploration - Colonialism and capitalism rose together (needed all the natural resources from these countries) - Neo- capitalism under globalization idea that rich countries send aid to poor counties ("aid in reverse" ) however ; because of loans that are provided by rich countries and forced to pay interest these countries are paying more to the rich countries. This leaves no money for essential resource to help and uplift the poor countries (70%) places countries under the control of the World bank and IMF and they must abide by their policies to obtain any other loans.

Nadia Murad (HW 3)

Nadia Murad is a survivor of such war crimes. Nadia's story begins in a Yazidi village in northern Iraq. The Yazidi culture was under attack after the Islamic state launched an attack.Nadia was one of the many women who were brutalized and raped. Although, she is not immune to the negative stigmas of the rape culture, she does not allow society's perception of raped women keep her silent. She continues to fight for justice for the many other victims who do not have the voice to do so.

Vid Clip: Pink Cross (Shelley Lubben)

Shelly Lubben helps women get out of Porn industry- she was once a porn actress States that porn is not glamorous- rare as a porn star to feel empowered and make money Capitalized structure- industry run by men- work environment is not safe- no condoms used a lot of the times- employees have no rights 66% of porn actresses have herpes 25% are positive for HIVs 70% of STDs happen to females

Feminine Mystique p412- book by Friedman-

Not alone in believing something was wrong in lives of women- conspiracy of social institutions that limited women's lives After WWII- when women were going into workforce and working outside the home- went back into homes they were depressed and unsatisfied Targeted toward middle class white women- feeling of dissatisfaction- depression was warranted because stuck in homes and not able to do anything Brought national attention to women's circumstances- look at limitations imposed on women

Homophobia

Not connecting because of homophobia Fears of being a lesbian or lesbians themselves "Confront" : intimate relationships have the tendency to create identity. Feminist identity puts them out side men's desires.

Emma Goldman (GVFV #50 Marriage & Love; GVFV p410 + Canvas: Acist Profile)

She argues that marriage is not an agreement of love but simply a financial contract that upholds the ideal of church and state. Magrage is a construct that strippes woman of their atonomy. It takes some rights of them man but only in certain financial means. Additionally marriage is what woman are told to conform too and to comply to as their end goal in life., she argues that marriage is inescapable and strips young girls of the sexual passion and acklolagement of romance. She must wait for a :good" mand to come to save her before she can live in financially, sexually ect. Marriage makes woman apsolute dependants.

INCITE! 549

Out of a 2000 radical Women of color conference The organization insight was founded a national grassroots activist organization radical feminist of color working to and violence against women of color in their communities utilizes a framework of intersectional analysis to understand and work against violence against women of color who are located in the intersections of racism sexism as well as other forms of oppression

PMS medical research/economic cycles (CR: Martin; lecture)

PMS has been a belief that have depicted women to be disabled by emotions in military and politics (structures) Ex. The US still has not had a female president What is PMS- political "PMS, work, discipline, and anger" In history PMS diagnosed as a physical problem Hormonal imbalance deemed as an abnormality Women are controlled by bodies- excluded women from some jobs- cult of invalidism- invalidates worth of women in positions of power due to inaccurate presumptions History- 1930s during great depression women were seen as disabled by PMS 1940's WWII women were able and capable and doing work they had been seen as unable to do 1950s men return women again seen as disabled- 1970s women fight for advancement in labor force (2nd wave feminism) they are again seen as disabled PMS as a form of resistance - min argument- women throughout their lives are doing a double work day in many respects (do work and then do more work at home) use PMS as a form of passive resistance- (women sometimes use this as a way to avoid double duty)- although it removes you from situation it does nothing to actively change structures and unequal division of labor "PMS gives women a few weeks to act the way me do year round)

Gendered Violence; causes of (lecture + GVFV p537-540)

Patriarchy- POWER- who has the power in the relationships and who is the most vulnerable Age plays a big factor Abusing of the power such as controlling thoughts and saying things like I love you, I'll kill your family, no one will believe you. Sexism and misogyny as a continuum Backlash Violence is eroticised / normalized Gender socialization - women are made to be polite, passive and men are socialized to be macho and aggressive

Rape Culture, Rape Spectrum, Rape Schedule

Rape Culture- (definition) a culture in which rape and sexual violence are common and which prevalent attitudes, norms, practices, and media normalization, excuse, tolerate or even condone sexual violence. What perpetuates it- cat calls, rape jokes, advertisements, mainstream music, porn, unwanted attention, and trivialization of rape Rape Spectrum- It is not random acts of violence but men raised to see women as less than human Rape Schedule- Women orient their day toward caution due to the risk of their gender VAWA (violence against women act 1994-2006-2013)- very historic helped trans women not reauthorized and just expired

Katherine Johnson;

She began her career working with data from flight tests, but her life quickly changed after the Soviet Union launched the first satellite in 1957. For example, some of her math equations were used in a lecture series compendium called Notes on Space Technology. These lectures were given by engineers that later formed the Space Task Group, NACA's section on space travel. Glenn reportedly wanted Johnson herself to run through the equations to make sure they were safe. For the Mercury missions, Johnson did trajectory analysis for Shepard's Freedom 7 mission in 1961, and (at John Glenn's request) did the same job for his orbital mission in 1962.

Frances Perkins

She is a workers rights activist; she worked under the USDR as the very first woman. Pushed for the new deal and although she did not sign it she did all the work. Got the 40 hour work week Overtime pay Workers compensation Better safety Unemployment benefits Social security Child labor illigal Welfare for the poorest americans

Rape as a weapon of war ( HW 3; "War Crimes" by Clarkson)

Rape is an effective weapon of war because it results in serious trama and poverty amongst it's victims who are majority women. Although some men and children are raped, women make up the bulk of the 30-50 victims treated by the Médecins Sans Frontières hospital. The act of rape against women strips them of their will to live and leads to the death of their souls.The rapist uses their position of power to take everything from their victims. Not only do they take a person's dignity and self worth they also take their food and belongings, placing already impoverished women in even worse situations. Since the fields are one of the main locations in which women are raped they are reluctant to go out and gather food for the home. Additionally, the attackers steal all of the food that was brought to the home previously, leaving the women and their families with no income from food they have produced and higher chances of malnourishment. The "war against women '' is a strategy to destroy the population, reducing womens to self value to nothing and putting their bodies and minds at risk. In fact, cases of HIV/AID have spread at increasingly high rates in rape victims. Additionally the horrific burden of rape causes women to be subject too extreme anxiety, fear and invasive memories as well as the loss of social respect. The stigma around rape places women in positions of societal rejection They are abandoned by their husbands, children will not eat their food, and essentially the popular culture views them as of no use to the world. Women not only have to battle with constant fear and trauma, but they are also made to be socially exiled. Sexual Violence against women causes them to be less than​. This physiological and physical suffering caused by rape, disarms and disanfranchizes women taking away their strength. ​Rape has become an effective weapon because it destroys a woman's sense of self and alienates her from her family and societal connections.

SisterLove 359

Small group that started in Atlanta organized by women to educate other women about HIV 's, self-help, and safe sex. Founded in 1889.

[+ GVFV Ch11 women in politics stats: p592-3;

State and political system-social hierarchy embedded into presidency that privileges masculinity and higher social class Crenshaw- social institutions work to shape the state, family system etc. Statistics: 23.5% of seats are held by women in 116th US congress (1971 only had 3%) Currently 23% in house of Representatives and 24% in the senete 2 democratic and 2 republican women serve as delegates representing Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Virgin Islands and Washington DC Of women serving; women in 116th congress 40% are women of color- these women of color serving make up less than 10% of congress 52% of newly elected democrats are women; 2 or 4.5% of republicans are women Democratic Party- 34% of women of color are coming into the House but only 2% of Republicans identify as people of color. Have made some gains but still 60% of the House are white males and 71% of the senate are white males.

"Pornography & Freedom"-- main arguments(CR: Stoltenberg)

Stoltenberg's main argument- sex positivity is a good thing but clouds judgement from criticising porn- Internet huge hub for porn- from hard to soft- think line between types Certainly sexual freedom requires sexual justice- porn can be seen as a violation of sexual justice If we have sexual freedom- why does porn look like repression We can't have sexual freedom without sexual justice We still have sexual repression and so our sexual freedom looks like sexual repression Eventhough it is sex all of the power structures engrained in our society do not dissolve Portrays a discourse of how porn maintains and amplifies power dynamics

"blame and shame game"

Women's job- don't dress like that don't jog at night Implicitly condoning rape because of women's actions- not seen as a violence by the man- seen as the woman not being careful enough Blaming the victim- loaded term- a continuum- sexual objectification- contributes to men treating women as objects Trivializing rape- get over it- if it was your boyfriend...you already had sex with him...you weren't a virgin

Audrey and Daisy

Takes place in Missouri- Audrey- high school student drinks too much at a party Is sexually assaulted- has permanent marker written all over her body Send picture of her naked violated body to everyone Commits suicide Victim blaming power of culture Junior high- Daisy's brother's team mates invite them to a party and pump them with drinks Daisy is raped by multiple boys Rapist drives her home to leave her outside to freeze to death Mother finds her Takes her to the hospital- rape kit done Boys who did it are not prosecuted and the young girls are slut shamed and threatened Audrey's family's house was burned down so they had to move Daisy was an advocate for victims rights and less than 5 months ago committed suicide

Welfare Queens; Welfare Reform (CR: "Flat Broke with Children" Hays; lecture; "Little Kayla" vid clips)

Tells the story of a mother and her opinion on we;fare reforms. Discourse around: demonized; rewards the lazy and is still so prominent in our Welfare Queen: a term developed in the 90's that targets mostly poor black woman., it is the racist and sexist stereotype that accuses impoverished mothers of their abusing of welfare programs. That they are lazy, not hard working or even biologilly not smart. Welfare reform: welfare is meant to help someone temporarily through really hard times. Most people are on welfare for less than two years Most people would like to have a job (don't want to be on welfare) Most people on welfare are whit, although the negative indentations are directed at back woman. Very little of our taxes are pushed towards welfare ( the us pays the least amount of taxes in terms of welfare) Discourse around: demonized; rewards the lazy and is still so prominent in our society Us vs. them. This dissociation of persons on welfare to distance themselves from the negative condentation even when on welfare themselves. Most americans are concerned about poverty but fearful of providing welfare # welfare recipients have lowered but poverty has not. Flint Michigan : 20 years ignored of the impoverished. 87 % of kids under poverty, biggest cause of death homicide.

Buck v. Bell

The 1972 Virginia Buck v. Bell case is a supreme court case involving a young woman, Carrie Buck, in which sterilization of the "feebleminded" was deemed constitutional.​This law perpetuated eugenics policies and ideologies that were prevalent in the 20th century in the US. In fact, the Nazi strategy of sex ​stabilization​ of Jews to "improve the gene pool" actually came from US eugenics ideas that proposed the sterilization of individuals who were "unfit" or physically or mentally weak. In the case of Carrie Buck, her sterilization was defined to be "necessary" due to her being deemed moronic by a highly unethical illiteracy test. Carrie Buck, was born into poverty and later on was taken into foster care. There, she was removed from school and was provided with no education. She was raped by a family member and as a consequence for having sex out of wedlock was sent away to Virginia Colony for Epileptics and Feebleminded. Doctors there wanted to sterilize her because of her score on the intelligence test. The test was extremely immoral, because not only did it mostly target individuals who had no prior education but it was also very subjective. In the fight against Buks's sterilization, she was given a lawyer who was not there to help her in the slightest. He had been the chairman of the institution that was attempting to go forth with the procedure to sterilize her. Essentially, Carrie Buck was set up to fail in order to pass the sterilization law that would solidify this procedure under Virginia law.

Glass escalator (lecture; CR: Williams)

The argument that in male dominated careers woman are not able to get past a certain level of their job "the glass ceiling" they are forced to constantly look up at the higher level jobs The opposite is said for men, men who enter woman dominated jobs are automatically prepetted into higher paying and more prestigious careers even if they don't want to be. Men find it easy to be promoted One bad example of this is, a man working as a elementary teacher was forced to be the principle because he was perceived as a pedifle just bc he wanted to be a teacher Additionally men do ten to be looked down by other males for choosing careers that are mainly female dominated.

Roe v. Wade (1973)

The court legalized abortion by ruling that state laws could not restrict it during the first three months of pregnancy. Based on 4th Amendment rights of a person to be secure in their persons.

CR: "Freedom to Choose? 3 Essays on Abortion Rights"

The fist essay is by Maggie Koerth Backer, her fetus will not survive and she has to make the difficult decision to either wait and have the thing ride inside her or get an abortion. Her abortion is seen by profiles as a good abortion or the expiation. However her argument is it's simply a decision and just like anyone else she is the most qualified person to make that decision no matter how much it sucks. She also argues that although all her options suck this one is the least bad option. So she is also saying her abortion is not a good abortion its just an apportion. The second essay is by Molly M. Ginty., writes about how she was sent away from the hospital due to the feeling of the heart beat because it was run by a catholic church, this is also a story that is much greater. The church also does not alway hospitals to provide rape victims with birth control unless there is not evidence of contraception. They also have constituted "consciousness" clauses. This essay talks about the murder of Dr. George Tiller, CPC centers and sidewalk counseling. The murder was a former side walk counselor and although side walk counseling is not meant to go hand in had with CPC center essentially they are one and the same. They do not care about the woman they simply want to lie to her and get her to keep the child.

Dr. Sims, history of Gynecology

The gynecologic care that women are so reliant on today, was developed on Black women's backs. The so-called "father of gynecology," ​J. Marion Sims, developed a surgical procedure that would repair the condition of the vesicovaginal fistula. This is a rip that in most cases occurs during traumatic childbirth, between the vagina and the rectum. Beginning in 1845 - 1846 Sims experimented on 10 Black enslaved women's bodies to find the correct surgical procedure to repair this condition. These women were powerless in all sense of the word. They were seen as property and were not given any rights or voice to truly consent to this procedure. The experimentation process was very painful and was performed on Black women without anesthesia. Black women were believed to feel pain differently than white women and were deemed to have a much higher pain tolerance. That myth is still seen in modern medical treatment today, as Black individuals are subject to racist stereotypes of drug use when rating their pain and implicit biases from their doctors who deny them the best care possible. In Sim's studies he mentions 3 of the women's names, ​Anarcha, Lucy and Betsy, who he used as tools to make his scientific discoveries. These 3 women are described by Sims as wanting the surgery very badly, however, there is no documented evidence from the women that this was in fact the case. They were subject to extreme repetitive painful surgical experimentation and they were also stripped of their dignity. Sims invited other doctors and physicians to watch as he performed the surgery on their bodies. Additionally, historical records depicting Sim's work deny his experimentation on the bodies of Black women.

Dr. Sims, history of Gynecology and medical experimentation on enslaved African-American women Anarcha, Betsey & Lucy

The gynecologic care that women are so reliant on today, was developed on Black women's backs. The so-called "father of gynecology," ​J. Marion Sims, developed a surgical procedure that would repair the condition of the vesicovaginal fistula. This is a rip that in most cases occurs during traumatic childbirth, between the vagina and the rectum. Beginning in 1845 - 1846 Sims experimented on 10 Black enslaved women's bodies to find the correct surgical procedure to repair this condition. These women were powerless in all sense of the word. They were seen as property and were not given any rights or voice to truly consent to this procedure. The experimentation process was very painful and was performed on Black women without anesthesia. Black women were believed to feel pain differently than white women and were deemed to have a much higher pain tolerance. That myth is still seen in modern medical treatment today, as Black individuals are subject to racist stereotypes of drug use when rating their pain and implicit biases from their doctors who deny them the best care possible. In Sim's studies he mentions 3 of the women's names, ​Anarcha, Lucy and Betsy, who he used as tools to make his scientific discoveries. These 3 women are described by Sims as wanting the surgery very badly, however, there is no documented evidence from the women that this was in fact the case. They were subject to extreme repetitive painful surgical experimentation and they were also stripped of their dignity. Sims invited other doctors and physicians to watch as he performed the surgery on their bodies. Additionally, historical records depicting Sim's work deny his experimentation on the bodies of Black women. Although Sims did advance medical care for women in a drastic way he also inflicted unethical harm on the bodies of Black women who had no choice but to comply. It is scary that this is not taught in the current education system. That even after the "mothers of gynecology" gave up their bodies for a procedure, they are not recognized in history, medical records, or even by the many women who have benefited from this surgery.The pain that was inflicted onto Anarcha, Lucy and Betsy needs to be remembered in the story of Women's health.

environmental racism

The placement of low-income or minority communities in the proximity of environmentally hazardous or degraded environments, such as toxic waste, pollution and urban decay. This is a product of structural racism such as redlining and others. Due the powerlessness in this situation it is hard to resist any toxic wast dumping resulting in conditions such as worse water. 25 years ago all toxic wast sites were located in black and brown neighborhoods. 3-4 BIPOC individuals are living or have lived in toxic environments conditions. On example Flint water crisis.

Wilma Mankiller 590

Was the first woman to serve as a chief of a major in need of American tribe in modern times, recalled the Matrifocal Society before colonization. Committed to involvement in Native American rights. Named woman of the year. And was named head of bureau of Indian affairs by President Ronald Reagan.

gender consciousness

The recognition that one's physical sex shapes one's relationship to the political world woman have a greater gender consciousness which makes them realize the vulnerability they hold within the epidemic of men's violence. Woman that have been raped or have experienced incest who look at that as not an individualistic harm, but rather a systematic outcome is empowering rather than threatening. Woman who are not able to completely empathize with victims are able to when looking at it as a whole systematic structure Feminist consciousness is not the same as gender consciousness.

"Maid to Order"-- main arguments (lecture; CR: Ehrenreich)

This is a double entendre in the way that it assists these mainly upper class individuals are made to order. As having someone clean up for you is normalized and even takes aways ones ability to do such chores for oneself these individuals are made to order. Majority of persons of latinx are working as cleaners. 1. Critiquing the feminist movemnt of " the feminin mystque" : only went into the issue half way and left who is doing the house work now out of the picture... did not address poor black and brown woman. 2. American children rearing; teaching these white children that they are too good to be doing the dirty work themselves.

Leana Wen (HW 3)

Title X, the nation's ONLY grant program that every year provides two and a half million people with cancer screening, STI tests, HIV, care, and reproductive healthcare, was actually at risk during Trump's presidency. It seems so absurd to me that this healthcare service that is objectively a necessity, could be up for debate. Yet the gag laws that were being pushed by the Trump administration are even more shocking. Gag laws would prevent a doctor from providing neccessary information ​regarding abortion as an option​ even if this woman's life is in emediate danger. This is so scary to me for many reasons, but as Dr. Leana Wen stated, this directly compromises the doctor patient trust and breaks the oath that doctors take which ensures they provide the most ethical and best care possible for their patients, no matter who they are. Additionally, that women are neglected in the healthcare system and that we are denied the basic rights of having "body autonomy". Finally, the thing that I found the most interesting was how much Planned Parenthood has grown in terms of its past racist history. Dr. Leana Wen, stated that racism has very negatively affected medical treatment and the medical outcomes for many people of color, however, Planned Parenthood will no longer perpetuate such discrimination. I think this is very impactful especially because Planned Parenthood is one of the only affordable reproductive healthcare facilities that is essentially available for all individuals no matter their race, class, gender, etc. ​While there have been improvements made in regards to reproductive rights for women, we must stay vigilant to make sure that these rights are not violated.

The players :

Transnational corporations are large corporations such as Nike Hans doll Exxon etc. who are functioning around the world. They are not closely regulated by international facilities. Proffit is the main goal so main production factories are nations that offer lower wages not regulated environmental standards, taxes etc. Investors large banks investment firms mutual funds hedge funds etc. they move money and are constantly buying and selling internationally they have a little international regulation World trade organization's the general agreement on tariffs and trade an international trade agreement which developed a better words conference after World War II develops and enforces trade rules for all nations for example I am sets the standards of unfair environmental regulations World Bank makes loans for development purposes such as roads power plants etc. two increase development of countries and move humans out of poverty into a more self-sufficient state. Loans money to poorest countries that cannot pay back and earn growing interest. International monetary fund the attempt to maintain financial security throughout the world. Provides "bail outs". Funded by the poorest country US treasury department Because 17% of the US World Bank and I am F controls economic and financial input the US obtains more power in other countries decisions NGOs non-government organizations nonprofit groups representing different communities and segments of civil society such as Oxfam and Sariya club groups increasingly working together through growing networks to bring positive change to the economic justice of people in poverty and without power

Sex trafficking (GVFV #58; CR: Chinapen; HW 3; Film excerpt: Playground); sex trafficking and foster youth

Very common Majority of women and minorities (asin woman are most trafficked) Orange county is a hot spot for sex trafficimng Super bowl is the biggest day of profit for sex trafficing Sex trafficing vs. prostitution Prositution sex work should not be treated diffrently thna any other work; not simple; majority of indviduals are not empowered; a huge % started as minors As a minor you can not make decisions; pimps find a young person who ran away or homeless (bus stop) Once you are in its hard to get out, raped, sexually abused, drugs ect. Human trafficking facts The un estimated that one to 4 million people are trafficked wold wide each year There are 24.9 million people today who are moder day slaves Human trafficking is the third most lucrative criminal activily; after drugs and guns, generating 32 (billion now maybe trillion) In 2012 the international labor org estimated that there were 11.7 million victims of forced labor in asia alone Woman constituted 70% of the worlds 1.3 billion absolute poor, these living on less then 1$ a day Minors, no power, vulnerable, no money, woman, need love, coerced "Sex turism draws men from rich countries to less developed contries to exploite economiclly vulnerable, children and woman and weak justice system. 300,000 american children are forced into sex trade The us is is the # 1country seeking sex at thier estination in the us.

Violence against Women of Color (smith)

Violence in the home is the greatest danger for women even though it is perceived as outside. - terrorism is outside the us, but us is built on genocide slavery and racism the home (us was never safe for poc) Mainstream feminist organizations have applauded US attack on Afghanistan for liberating arab women from Taliban- bombing women elevates status in Afghanistan Anti violence has become more inclusive only by attempting to add inclusion to a white domestic violence structures. - taking a domestic violence model for white middle class women - ignores cultural differences of others History of women of color- gender violence is a tool of racism and colonialism against women of color Racial element points to necessity of another approach that actually centers women of color in the development of a program and a movement to end violence against women of color Look at women of color most marginalized and work on helping these women to escape violence (jails, prisons, correctional facilities)- can't ignore the group hardest hit by violence looking at the interpersonal + state violence; one example of historical state violence is the death of 50,000 Native Americans, and other horrible violences. (creating a generational abuse of children)

Pornography GVFV p539-40

Violence is power- pornography amplifies Behavior often connected to backlash against gains made by marginalized groups Gendered sexual violence is eroticised- its role- eroticises violence and riffs off themes of violence against women and other marginalized groups Because many forms of porn are legal some people object to thinking about pornography as gender violence and legitimize it- they resist considering pornography as gender based violence Issue of consent- pornography- feminist ague that because women consent to do porn they are not victims remember that consent does not mean free choice Unequal power relationship Critiques say porn reflects entitlement, power, as well as sexual objectification especially for marginalized people. In porn there is a continuum- Soft porn playboy etc, all the way to hard core porn and sniff films. Internet is one of the main streams for pornography Porn is seen as one of the most addictive actions Messes up actual sexual function with real women and partners

"Historical Moment" Box: Wages for Housework p465;

Women do ⅔ of world's housework but get only 5% of world's income Women's unpaid income estimated at $11 trillion Feminists argued that women should be compensated for domestic labor that is taken for granted and yet depended on to maintain capitalistic economies. 1972 international wages of housework campaign-agitate for compensation for unpaid work women do Way to do this is to dismantle the industrial military complex 1975 international black women for wages of housework campaign-wanted compensation for unwaged and low waged work- to ensure racism was taken into consideration and not just sexism Not popular among feminists- they thought it would reinforce the idea that women should be working in the home- their only role should be in the home- these two groups remained active in the early 2000's and they were active in equal pay movement and global women's strike.

Zines, Riot Grrrlz (Zine Project Instructions: Bleyer)

Zines were this grand underground free speech out cry that arose out of anti- Vietnam war rhetoric and comics culture of the seventies and eighties. There were gay zines, socialist zine, envirmntal zine, stripper zines, county music zine, bycical zines, fill nior zine, and travel zines. Zines captured the dical uncensored thoughts of the people without having being filtered elite publishers and editors etc. Riot girls was born out of the underground zine girl culture Riot girls provided a radical, young, fun way of saying **** younto the patryarchy and pushing feminism back into the yyounger demicrafics Zines for woman (riot girl culture) was done because it was activism, it was therapy, it was fun. Zines represented pure freedom; no ideological police that judge women's movement to be alternatively sexy, angry, emotional, copatitive, childish, femine and non apologetic. Zine culture was largely dominated by white middle class females who has the time and means however this does not mean there were not woman of color out there making the best zines of all. One such example is bamboo girl: oversexualization of asin girls. Now although zine culture is not as "revolutionary" as it used to be it is still thriving through the internet in forms of e zines and such.

HMOs

a network of providers for which costs are covered inside but not outside the network

Environmental Justice def

a term to fight environmental racism, classism, and sexism. the social movement in order to combat the problems of environmental racism and obtain social justice.

"Pro-Choice"

abortion is a woman fundamental right and choice and woman should not be forced to have children. A fertilized ovum should not be the determining factor in a persons legal and moral rights, and all children should be wanted children.

Global Assembly line

an international division of labor where research and development is conducted in an industrial country, and the assembly of goods is done primarily in underdeveloped and poor nations, mostly by women and children. (latina and asian)

Affordable Care Act "obamacare"

it provides insurance basics : premiums, copays, deductibles, HMO networks, providers, however not everything is provided. 40million Americans are provided with heath care, however still no national health care, and also raised the threshold so more individuals could qualify fro Medicare. Subsidized parts of cost of private health insurance based on income. Kids are able to stay on parents insurance to age 26, Birth control will be able to be given and no employer can say no based on personal or religious beliefs No gender rating (changing woman more ) you must insure persons with pre existing condition.,

Poverty Stats

baseline income is (12,,00 dollars a year or less), 22% of black Americans live in poverty, 19% Latinx live in poverty, 9% white people. 23% woman of color live in poverty, 21% latinx woman live in poverty. In Covid times vulnerable populations are hurt the most and the pandemic has exacerbates inequalities in health and poverty. Woman in covid could push 47 million woman into poverty and it has widened the poverty gap. In covid black people are 3-9 times more likey to die, the correlation is linked to money, poverty ,essential workers, pain gap, pre existing conditions, environment.

Hedy Lamarr

becomes an actress and is huge but she is also an inventor. She teamed up with Howard Hughes to create the fastest airplane by combining a fish and a bird. She left school when she was 15 years old. She was an inventor of a tablet that made Coca-Cola. She also invented a radio signal and torpedo that could not be hacked which helped the Americans win the world war two against the Nazis and she was never compensated for her work because she was Austrian an immigrant

reasons for Higher venerability in sex HIV

biological BODY; vaginas, POWER;vwoman are not in power, less power in relationships, not in control of sexual life, cant leave, impoverished and cant say no. heath care jobs= give no check ups lack of education

Comstock Law

birth control information was considered porn or obscene and illegal. this was in 1873.

Hide Amendment

defunding planned parent hood/Medicare, HIVs would not be cover by planned parent hood.

free trade zones

designated areas where foreign companies can warehouse goods without paying taxes or customs duties until they move the goods into the marketplace

Feminist consciousness

feminism politicize gender consciousness. Structures of domination and privilege Difficult and complicated questions About how gender consciousness can be used both for and against women

what is the feminist position on abortion

how does it play out in real life, no phycological real.

Pro life

human personhood begins at conception and that a fetus has the right to person hood. Essentially the fetuses life out-ways the life of the mother. however many pro lifers are anti children 9 they are not for welfare programs and free heath care or something.

heath to poverty

in our health care system who has the power, wealth and prestige: there are apparent inequalities there. Poor heath in this county is equated to violence, poverty, mortality rates, poor housing, and lack of education.The us has no national health care.

Western Feminist discourse: "Under Western Eyes"

international feminism: such as many UN conferences (seen by the wester woman as universal sisterhood) but first world woman run the show and are inherently setting up a hierarchy. (talk about female genital mutilation when we should talk about hunger) Western feminist discourse portrays the "Third world woman" A category of woman who are defined by their oppression : highly problematic because 1. dehumanizes them 2. lets the first world off the hook ( blaming poor countries for their poverty not in reverse) - the same no matter, race class, ethnicity, desires and interest, and location. - less than wester woman

Fear of feminism

is not a fear of gender but rather a fear of politics Fear of politics is living in consequences (not being neutral) A fear of reprisals : Fear of thinking Anti- intellectual culture

heath care sats

low income woman (miostly WOC) have poorer heath, more than 1/4 woman living at or near poverty are in poor heath. low income woman are 5x as likely to be uninsured. low income jobs rarely provide work based heath insurance.

Why are young woman starting mensuration earlier?

manarche. one result could be the production of food specifically milk products. they are pupped with hormones and GMO products are speeding up the process of mensuration for young woman.

copays

small amount of initial money paid that is less with insurance and more without

Medicade

the government insurance program for low-income individuals & families that is funded both by the federal government & each individual state. indviduals 12,00 dollars or less

Medicalization

the medicalization and identification of normal bodily functions as disease. This effects woman in two ways, 1. Woman have lots of natural changes in the body as a result of childbearing, that are identified as medical issues, 2. mass medical technologies profit off of medicalization, so instead of encouraging preventative medicine such technologies are used to "fix" woman.

Globalization

the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale. (refers to the fluidity of capital, the mobility of production, the deregulation of trade barriers between states and the ensuing cultural transformation and exchanges)

Reproductive Rights

the right to reproductive health care and the right to reproductive self-determination. has a tendency to ignore stabilization.

Gag rule globally

they are targeting reproductive justice world wide. Not allowing for prevention of HiVs and family planning support of the US in other countries in 2009.

Trapped trailer

woman are going to have abortions, they just woman be safe and legal. legislation keeps pacing bills that these abortion facilities cant comply with they have 30 people on the waiting list for a procedure that time is very essential. past 3 years, more restrictions passed then in the last decade. Not for the safe of woman. No shaming woman because of abortion. politics are trumping medicine. Women's constitutional rights are determined by their zip codes.

"The gender gap in pain"

woman have higher body fat, smaller organs, metabolize drugs differently, have hormonal cycles and have some key genetic differences. this is important when understanding that a majority of people suffering from chronic pain in the US are woman. We are not quite sure why woman are so much more likely to suffer from autoimmune disease. however woman not only are statistically suffering more, they are also being dismissed . Characterized as emotional phycological and not real. research on pain and gender is an essential step to treating men and woman alike. much of medical treatment has evolved around male bodies. androcentrism