World Geo S1 exam. terms i dont know

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Plateau of Patagonia

a result of its location in the Ring of Fire, located in Southern Argentina, has a rain shadow from the Andes mountains

escarpment

a steep cliff or slope between a higher and lower land surface

democracy

a system of government in which leaders rule by the consent of the citizens; the people hold the sovereign power

Oligarchy

a system of government in which power is held by a small group. It gets its power from wealth, military power, social positions, or a combination of these.

theocracy

a type of government where officials are believed to be divinely inspired

semi- arid/ arid

Climate of the West

Spanish

most common language in central america

Roman Catholic

80% of Central America is _______________________ (religion)

Satellite

a natural or human-made object that orbits a planet or other astronomical body

Subarctic

Climate of Alaska

Marine West Coast

Climate of Northern California to southern Alaska Range

Mediterranean

Climate of Southern California

continental/humid continental

Climate of the Great Plains

High altitude

Climate of the Rockies and Pacific Ranges

Fidel Castro

Cuba, revolution in 1959, brought a communist state with ________________________________ as a dictator

Panama Canal

Divides Panama and one of the most important waterways in the world; allows ships travel between the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans

conic projection

Earth's surface projected onto a map formed into a cone

Geographic Information System (GIS)

Geographic Data Bullet used to link the location of a place with the characteristics of place sand analyze how places compare and interact with one another

Amazon Basin

Hundreds of smaller rivers join the Amazon and form the ____________________________

cylindrical projection

Most accurate near the equator, distorted at poles

Central Highlands

Mountains that rise west of the Caribbean lowlands, rises up to the western plateau highlands where 40 volcanic cones attain 12000 ft in elevation known as the Volcanic Axis

coffee

Natural Resource found in brazil

Lake Titicaca

South America's largest lake in BOLIVIA and PERU

Lake Maracaibo

South America's largest lake in VENEZUELA

altiplano

Spanish for "high plain," a region in Peru and Bolivia encircled by the Andes (second largest mountain plateau in the world)

written language

The Inca Empire had no _________________ but used quipus to record financial and historical records

Parana, Paraguay, Uruguay Rivers

What rivers form the 2nd largest river system in Latin America?

Llanos

inland grasslands in Columbia and Venezuela that provide grazing for cattle.

Sunbelt

a mild climate region in the southern and southwestern portions of the United States

isthmus

a narrow strip of land that connects 2 landforms (Panama)

metropolitan areas

Today most people live in _______________________________

producing enough food, using resources rapidly, strain on limited resources, population unevenly distributed by age

What are some challenges presented by rapid population growth

Europe and Asia

What are the two most densely populated continents

exports and global demand for raw materials.

What do South American countries rely on to make money

sea, elevation, latitude, local topography

What factors determine climate?

elevation, latitude, location in relation to water

What factors impact the climate in South America?

Ecuador, in urban areas or along the coast

Where do most people live in South America?

Balboa

_______________ crossed the isthmus claiming lands for Spain

Tropical Rainforest

_______________________ climate dominates Central America

El Salvador

_______________________ is the most densely populated country in Central America

Tropical wet/dry

________________________ climate is typical of the Caribbean

Silver and Gold

_______________________________ attracted Spanish conquistadors who conquered the inca's

Francois Toussaint- Louverture

____________________________________________ led a revolt of enslaved Africans in Haiti and by 1804- haiti won its independence

unitary system

a ______________________ of government gives all key powers to the national, or central, government

federal system

a _______________________ of government divides the power of government between the national government and state or provincial governments. Each level has unique power in some areas.

El Nino

a climate phenomenon that creates warm ocean conditions that affect weather, fishing, and agriculture

manufacturing belt

a concentrated region of manufacturing industries in the northeastern and midwestern United States

Autocracy

a government in which power to rule belongs to a single person

divide

a high point or ridge that determines the direction rivers flow

Machu Picchu

a well preserved Incan site that displays Inca engineering

longitude

also known as meridian; measure east and west of Prime Meridian

latitude

also known as parallels; measure north and south of the equator

NATO

an alliance of 30 Euro-Atlantic countries dedicated to maintaining democratic freedom by means of collective defense.

United Nation (UN)

an international organization whose stated aims are facilitating cooperation in international law, international security, economic development, social progress, human rights, and aspirations to achieve world peace

folds

bends in layers of rock

Humid Subtropical

climate of Southeast US

Lake Managua

commercial fish and alligators; and near Managua

uneven development

condition in which some places do not benefit as much as others from social and economic development

erosion

displacement of Earth's solids (soil, rock, etc.) by wind, water, and glacier movement

cultural region

division of Earth in which people share a similar way of life, including language, religion, economic systems, and values

Postindustrial

economy that emphasizes service and technology rather than industry and manufacturing

planar projection

most accurately represented from its center, often used for maps of the poles, a straight line from center to any point is the shortest distance

pampas

inland grasslands in Argentina and Uruguay that provide grazing for cattle and is also known for producing wheat and corn.

Monarchy

king or queen exercises supreme power

quipus

knotted cords of various lengths and colors to keep financial records

language families

large groups of language having similar roots

Lake Nicaragua

largest freshwater lake in Central America

Foreclosure

legal proceeding in which a borrower's rights to a property are relinquished due to his or her inability to make payments on the loan

Columbia Plateau

located between Pacific Range and Rocky Mountains

Appalachian mountains

located in the east, oldest mountain range in north america, stretches from canada to alabama

rocky mountains

located in the west, considered to be young range, begins in New Mexico and stretches 3000 miles northward

pacific range

located in the west, considered to be younger range, includes cascade range, alaska range, coast range, and Sierra Nevada.

amazon river

longest river in the Western Hemisphere; Second longest river in the world; flows through Brazil and empties into the Atlantic Ocean

Vertical, tropical wet, tropical wet/dry, humid subtropical, arid

main climates in South America

Caribbean Lowlands

narrow plains along the Caribbean except in Nicaragua and Honduras

Pacific lowlands

narrow plains extending from Guatemala to Nicaragua

weathering

natural decomposition resulting from contact with Earth's atmosphere

copper

natural resource in Chile

emeralds

natural resource in Colombia

silver

natural resource in Peru

oil and gold

natural resources found in Venezuela

subduction

occurs when a heavy oceanic plate dives beneath a lighter continental plate. An example is the Andes mountains

faulting

occurs when folded land cannot be bent any further

accretion

occurs when pieces of earths crust come together slowly as oceanic plate slides under continental plate

Pantanal

one of the world's largest tropical wetlands.

cordilleras

parallel chains or ranges of mountains

Dutch, English, French, and Spanish

primary languages in the Carribean

inca

skilled engineers that built temples, fortresses, network of roads that crossed mountains. farmers also cut terraces and built irrigation systems in the Andes

cultural diffusion

spreading of cultural traits, material, and non-material, from one culture to another

demography

study of populations

Absolute or Totalitarian

the decisions are made by a single leader

brain drain

the loss of highly educated people and skilled workers to other countries

spreading

the process of oceanic plates being pushed apart (results in rifts/ cracks with magma in between) An example is the Mid Atlantic Ridge

remote sensing

the science of obtaining information about an object or an area from a distance, typically from instruments in aircraft or satellites

Amazon Rainforest

the world's largest rainforest; it covers 1/3 of South America and has more plants and animals per square mile than anywhere else in the world.

Andes

the worlds largest mountain chain with peaks that rise more than 20000 feet above sea level

Global Positioning System (GPS)

used to determine exact location. used for navigation of automobiles and vehicles

Republic

voters elect all major officials that are responsible to the people(same as Representative Democracy

faults

when plates grind past eachother, creating cracks in Earth's surface

Ring of Fire

zone of earthquake and volcanic activity around the perimeter of the Pacific


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