World History 1

Who were Haydn and Mozart?

Haydn and Mazart were 2 geniuses of the second half of the eighteenth century, they were innovators who wrote classical music rather than the baroque music

_____________ , a Jewish teacher, preached in Judea and neighboring Galilee and was eventually handed over to the Romans to be crucified.

Jesus

Who was the founder of Islam?

Muhamad

The government began persecuting and cruelly executing Christians under Emperor _______________

Nero

Who did the pope crown as the new king and why was this significant?

Charlemagne

The beliefs of the Christians, Jews, Greeks, and Romans influences how _________________ and _____________________ are viewed today.

Community, citizen

What did Henry II establish, and what was its result?

Henry II Established a body of common law, law common to the whole Kingdom replaced the local law codes that often varied from place to place.

What South American civilization was responsible for constructing an extensive network of roads?

Inca Empire

What document helped restore power to the lords and how was it important in subsequent centuries?

Magna Carta

Who were the elite in 1750 society?

Royalty, the nobility, and religious leaders

What two reasons did Mary Wollstonecraft present for giving women equal rights?

She noted that the same people who argued that women must obey men also said that governments based on the arbitrary power of monarchs over their subjects are wrong. She also pointed out that the power of men over women was equally wrong.

What were some of the important ideas of the Renaissance?

The Renaissance was based on a rebirth of the culture of the Greeks and Romans.

What important ramification did the revolt that overthrew King Charles I of England have?

The english parliament/ divine right of kings

What is the period between 500 C.E. and 1500 known as, and why is it referred to by that name?

The middle ages

Plato described his ideal government ________________ in , which divided society into three groups: ______________,__________________ , and _______________.

a work entitled The Republic upper class, warriors, and everyone else

What were lineage groups?

basic units in African society

Austria's _______________ implemented radical reforms; he abolished ________________ and eliminated the death penalty.

joseph the second ; serfdom

What does laissez-faire mean, and who explained it in The Wealth of Nations?

A doctrine

What are the characteristics of an absolute monarchy?

A king or queen is subject to no one else and to no law

____________, son of Phillip II, conquered the Persian Empire and ushered in the Hellenistic era.

Alexander the Great

In what ways did Chinese society advance during its five medieval dynasties?

China was a large monarchie, conduction ideals were still the cement that held the system together, and they established another dynasty

What early African civilizations did agriculture give rise to?

Egypt, Kush, and Axum

Which three philosophes were most important in the first half of the eighteenth century?

François-Marie Arouet, Charles-Louis de Secondat, and Denis Diderot

The growth of Athens led to the __________ with Sparta, considerably weakening the Greek city states.

Great Peloponnesian War

Who was the leader of the Protestant Reformation, and in what city was he tried for heresy?

Leonardo da Vinci

How did Locke's and Newton's ideas influence Enlightenment intellectuals?

Locke's and Newton's ideas influenced enlightenment intellectuals because the enlightenment was an 18th century philosophical movement of intellectuals who were greatly impressed with the achievements of scientific revolution.

What caused the economy of the Ottoman empire to vastly improve?

Military Expansion and control of trade

What were four common attributes of gunpowder empires?

Ottoman Empire, Safavid Persia, Mogul India, and the Chinese Qing dynasty

After conquering most of what is now Italy, Rome went on to conquer the Carthaginian Empire in the ________________ Wars, as well as _____________ and the _______________ in the east.

Punic Wars, Rome, Carthaginian

After 133 b.c.e., the _________________form of government broke down and resulted in a series of civil wars which ended with _______________ defeating _________________ and _________________

Romans, Rome, Carthage, won

What were the privileges of the elite based upon?

Some of these privileges were based on status as in aristocrat who had inherited Land, Titles, and wealth

__________, a militaristic city state, was an oligarchy, while its rival __________ was known for its democratic institutions.

Sparta, Athens

What important institution emerged during the rule of Edward I?

The English parliament

What was primarily responsible for the prosperity of the Islamic civilization?

The Quran

What made the rococo style of art different from the earlier baroque style?

The art style of rococo was different, unlike the baroque style, rococo Emphasized Grace, charm, and gentle action.

What was serfdom, and where was it practiced?

The laws that tied peasants to the land they worked, They practiced in Russia

Besides wealth, what else did the lower class lack and why was it a problem?

The lower class also lacked political power, this meant little could be done about their circumstances

According to The Wealth of Nations, what were the three main functions of government?

There should be little government intervention in economics, national defense, administration of justice (law and order), and the provision of certain public goods

What challenges did India face during the medieval period?

Threat from beyond the mountains, the tradition of internal rivalry, religious divisions

How does Rousseau's The Social Contract describe liberty?

Thus, Liberty is achieved by being forced to follow what is best for the general will because the general will represent what is best for the entire community.

What was the "divine right of kings"?

a political doctrine in defense of monarchical absolutism, which asserted that kings derived their authority from God and could not therefore be held accountable for their actions by any earthly authority such as a parliament.

In the system of enlightened _______________ , rulers tried to follow Enlightenment principles while keeping their royal ______________.

absolutism; powers

Eighteenth-century rulers' concern with the _______________ of power among states led them to use their armies to conquer new lands.

balance

The Great War for Empire, fought between _______________and France, took place in _______________ and North America.

britain ; india

Under the treaty, England gained control of ___________, Spanish Florida, and all lands east of the Mississippi. Spain acquired the _______________ territory.

canada ; louisiana

__________________the Great, who ruled Russia from 1762 to ______________, knew the works of the Enlightenment philosophes.

catherine ; 1796

What political institution placed power in the hands of many different lords?

feudalism

Two rivalries emerged: one between Britain and _________ over colonial empires and ___________ another between Austria and over Silesia.

french ; prussia

____________, _________________, ___________________, and ____________________ led to the split, and eventual fall, of the Roman empire.

invasions, Economic troubles, overreliance on slave labor, military spending, Overexpansion

Both Frederick William I and Frederick II stressed service to the _______________and enlarged the Prussian _______________.

king; army

In order to please the Russian ___________________, Catherine did not enact reform; she took strong measures against Russian __________________, and their conditions worsened.

nobility ; peasants

The Treaty of _____________was signed in 1763 and left control of India to the ____________

paris ; britain

Socrates was often in trouble because of his beliefs and teaching methods that encouraged students to ______________ all things.

question

The enlightened absolutists were guided mostly by their interest in the power and welfare of their ________________.

state

What type of farming did most of the lower class practice?

subsistence

The War of the Austrian ____________ took place in Europe, Asia, and ___________.

succession ; north america

In 1748, the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle was signed, which guaranteed that all _________ would return to their original powers, except ___________ , which remained in the hands of Prussia.

territory ; silesia