World History Ch. 20 Test Review (Philp)
New Netherland
A colony founded by the Dutch in the New World. It became New York.
Middle Passage
A horrific voyage that brought enslaved Africans across the Atlantic Ocean to North America and the West Indies
How did African slaves contribute to the development of the Americas?
African slaves contributed to the development of the Americas by bringing cultural diversity, and labor
Through what modern-day states did Coronado lead his expedition?
Arizona, New Mexico, Texas, Oklahoma, and Kansas
Jamestown
Claimed settlement named in the honor of the king established by the English in 1607.
How might Columbus;s view of the Taino have led the Spanish to think they could take advantage of and impose their will on the natives?
He thought of them as uncivilized and and weak
What food and livestock from the rest of the world traveled to the Americas?
Horses, sheep, pigs, coffee, tobacco.
Why do you think the slave trade flourished for so long?
I believe slave trade flourished for so long because America was just starting out and in need of laborers mostly willing to help create and develop a country.
Which of these events do you think had the greatest impact?
I think when Columbus arrived and started colonization in the Americas.
How did enslaved Africans resist their bondage?
In African society, slaves could escape their bondage in numerous ways, including married into the family they served, or making themselves less productive by breaking tools, uprooting plants, and working slowly
In what ways did the colonies at Jamestown and Massachusetts Bay differ?
JAMESTOWN- LOOKING FOR GOLD MASSACHUSETTS BAY- RELIGIOUS REEDOM
What were some of the effects on European society of the economic revolution that took place in the 16th and 17th centuries?
Money increased and idea of mercantilism.
What were some of the results for Native Americans of European colonization of North America?
Native Americans were deeply impacted when the europeans arrived. The European Colonization brought mostly disaster for the lands original peoples. The Natives over time developed a harsh view of their European Invaders, and the Europeans did the same back.
What may have been one reason the English eventually beat the French in North America?
One reason the English might have been able to beat the French they wanted access to their land and they had settlements they wanted to fight for
New France
Quebec, which was the base of France's colonial empire in North America.
How was slavery in the Americas different from slavery in Africa?
Slavery in the Americas was different from slavery in Africa because the slavery was over religion in Africa, weather you had Muslim beliefs or non-Muslim beliefs, while in America all Africans were seen as things used for cheap labor
Which effect do you think had the greatest impact on history?
Small pox, because it wiped out most of the Native Americans.
Which country was the richest and most powerful in the 16th century, and why?
Spain's American colonies helped make it the richest and most powerful country because their ships were constantly sailing into Spanish harbors filled with treasures from the Americas which helped usher in the golden age of art and culture in Spain.
What process did Columbus and his followers begin?
The Colonization Process
Atahualpa
The Incan ruler who was captured by the spanish and offered one room filled with gold and silver, after they received it they killed him.
Why where most of the Spanish explorers drawn to the Americans?
The Spanish explorers were drawn to the Americas because of rumors of vast lands filled with gold and silver.
What was a basic difference between French and English attitudes about the land acquired in North America?
The basic difference was their attitudes about the land they acquired in North America was that the French were less interested in occupying territories than they were in making money off of the land.
What was the main result of the French and Indian War?
The main result was that the French surrendered their North America holdings as a result British were able to take control of the Eastern half of North America.
What seems to have been the most important consequence?
The most important consequence of the slave trade in Africa was that numerous cultures lost generations of their fittest members to European traders and plantation owners. Also countless African families were torn apart and many were never reunited. The slaves were unwilling participants in the growth of the colonies and they greatly contributed to economic and cultural development of the Americas. They brought expertise in agriculture as well as their own culture such as music, religion, and food to influence American societies.
What does the percentage of enslaved Africans imported to the Caribbean Islands and Brazil suggest about the radical makeup of these areas?
The percentage of enslaved Africans imported into the Caribbean Islands and Brazil suggest that the racial makeup of these areas was predominantly European
What did these settlements have in common?
The settlements had many things common amongst them. First, they all wanted to obtain their own valuable colonies. Also they, were all in search of an easy and direct trade route to the pacific ocean and Asia when they settled.
What effect did the spread of Islam have on the slave trade?
The spread of Islam into Africa during the seventh century ushered an increase in slavery and the slave trade
What is the difference between Puritans and Pilgrims?
They both sought religious freedom but the pilgrims came from the puritans.
What might have been some similarities in character between Cortés and Pizarro?
They both were very powerful and conquered huge empires the Aztec and Incas
What were some of the food items that traveled from the Americas to the rest of the world?
Tomatoes, corn, potatoes, pepper, cotton, coffee
Joint-stock company
a business in which investors pool their wealth for a common purpose, then share the profits.
French and Indian War
a conflict between Britain and France for control of territory in North America, lasting from 1754 to 1763.
Encomiendo
a grant of land make by Spain to a settler in the Americas, including the right to use Native Americans as laborers on it.
Puritans
a group of people who sought freedom from religious persecution in England by founding a colony at Massachusetts Bay in the early 1600s.
Pilgrims
a group of people who, in 1620, founded the colony of Plymouth in Massachusetts to escape religious persecution in England.
Colony
a land controlled by another nation.
Mestizo
a person of mixed Spanish and Native American ancestry.
Triangular Trade
a transatlantic trading network along which slaves and other goods were carried between Africa, England, Europe, the West Indies, and the colonies in the Americas.
Mercantilism
an economic policy under which nations sought to increase their wealth and power by obtaining large amounts of gold and silver and by selling more goods than they bought.
Favorable balance of trade
an economic situation in which a country sells more goods abroad than it buys from abroad.
Capitalism
an economic system based on private ownership and on the investment of money in business ventures in order to make a profit.
Why were colonies considered so important to the nations of Europe?
colonies were considered so important to the nations of Europe because the colonies increased overseas trade which provided the nation wealth.
Christopher Columbus
in 1492 sailed form Spain across the atlantic ocean looking for a new route to the Indies, but landed in the Caribbean (thought it was the indies)
Hernando Cortés
in 1519 a Spaniard landed in Mexico with conquistadors and conquers the Aztec empire.
Francisco Pizarro
in 1532 a spaniard conquered the Incan Empire.
Metacom
in 1675 a native american ruler who lead an attack on the colonist.
Conquistador
the Spanish soldiers, explorers, and fortune hunters who took part in the conquest of the Americas in the 16th century.
Atlantic Slave Trade
the buying, transporting, and selling of Africans for work in the Americas
Why might establishing overseas colonies have justified high profits for those who financed the colonies?
the establishment of overseas colonies has justified high profits because of the development of mercantilism which means the colonies only trade with England. England taxed the colonies too.
Columbian Exchange
the global transfer of plants, animals, and diseases that occurred during the European colonization of the Americas.
What were some of the positive and negative consequences of the Columbian exchange?
the positive effect of the Columbian exchange was the increase in the food supply and the nutrients to the population. Negative effect were diseases were spreading.
What need drove the English farther west into the North American continent?
they wanted more land for their colonial expansion
