World History Ch.31

African National Congress

Political organization in South Africa; founded 1912, it developed into the main opposition force to apartheid.

Apartheid

The South African government's official policy of legalized racial segregation throughout the society.

Jomo Kenyatta

(1893-1978) African political leader and 1st president of Kenya from 1964 to1978; he was a leader of the African nationalist movement.

Kwame Nkrumah

(1909-1972) Ghanaian nationalist leader and statesmen; he pushed for Ghanaian independence from Great Britain and was elected Ghana's first president in 1957.

Nelson Mandela

(1918-) Former guerrilla fighter; statesman; he helped end apartheid and became the first black president of South Africa.

F.W de Klerk

(1936- ) South African statesman and president of South Africa from 1989 to 1994; he began the process b ending apartheid n South Africa by lifting the ban on antiapartheid parties and releasing Nelson Mandela from prison.

Sharpeville Massacre

(1960) an incident in which South African police fired on a crowd of apartheid protestors, killing 67 people.