World History Chapter 5

Purpose of Paved Roads

Improved transportation, (spread stuff)

Consul, Senator, and Tribune?

Meetings gathered to select 2 consuls and senate.

What was the ancient civilization called on Crete?

Minionas

Who was Pericles and what did he want?

Pericles was a stateman during the Golden age of Greece, he bragged about how great democracy was, he wanted the arts and culture to flourish

3 Greek Philosophers, and describe boi.

Plato - Socrates' student, was fascinated with the question of reality, Wrote The Republic. Aristotle - Plato's student, started Scientific Method of analyzing & classifying things based on observations and investigation. Collect information - create hypothesis - test hypothesis. Socrates - first of great teachers, known for Socratic Method of teaching

Who were the Plebeians & Patricians.

Plebeians are commoners (normal ppl) and particians were aristocrats (rich ppl)

What were the Punic Wars about? Who was Hannibal? What was his great victory?

Punic wars were wars between Carthage and Rome, Hannibal was an athens military leader, his greatest victory was almost defeating Rome in the second Punic War

What was the P.ersian government like? (Rule of Cyrus the Great & Darius.

The Persian government was a Monarchy that was tolerant towards other religions and culture.

Ionic

Was semi- simple one, had scrolled top

What is the socratic method like?

a discussion between individuals, based on asking and answering questions to stimulate critical thinking and to draw out ideas and underlying presumptions. CREATED BY SOCRATES.

what was zoroastrianism, where was it practiced, and what were its basic beliefs ?( who were the magi?)

a monotheistic pre- islamic religion of ancient Persia founded by zoroaster, practiced in india , believe in one called Ahura Mazda they believe he is compassionate, just ,and is the creator of the universe, and is omniscient (knows everything) the magi were also referred to the three wise men in the bible.

what happened to alexander the great empire after he died?

a series of civil wars tore his empire apart.

what is stoicism? epicureanism?

a stoicism is an ancient greek school of philosophy founded at athens by zeno of citium. epicureanism is an ancient school of philosophy founded in athens by epicurus.

know these people and why they are important-

a. cyrus the great: allowed the hebrews to return from exile, earning him the title of "Lord of the faith, or messiah". founder of achaemenid empire b. pericles: man during golden age of athens culture. son of xanthippus c. julius caesar: he expanded the roman republic then ended the roman republic, statesman and general d. darius: 3rd king of achaemenid empire, organized a new uniform monetary system, along with making Aramaic the official language of the empire e. augustus caesar: also octavian, first roman emperor f. hannibal: carthaginian general, considered one of the greatest military commanders in history g. scipio: roman general and later consul, defeated hannibal in battle of zama

who defeated the Persian empire?

alexander the great

what is Hellenistic?

an era alexander made hellenistic meaning "to imiate the greeks" ex.greek culture blending with many other traditions.

why is Constantine remembered?

attempted to reverse the tide. Constantine, in 313, adopted Christianity in an attempt to unite the empire in new ways. However, particularly in the west, the most effective government became local.

what powerful mediterranean state originally was established by phoenicians?

carthage

which roman emperor divided the empire and why?

diocletian, because because the government was to large to manage

what is a polis?

greek city-state

What was a Latifundia used for

huge estates or ranches owned by wealthy families, replaced the smaller self sufficent peasant families

who conquered the greek city-states

king philip

How did Agustus Cesar change the Roman govt.?

new political system allowed the emperor to select his successor from his natural or adopted family.

Purpose of Qanats

not a canal, irrigation in the ground, is like a sewer, is undergrwound so the water doesnt evaporate

How did the Peloponesian war lead to the downfall of the Greeks?

plague struck athens = led to the defeat

early rome had what kind of government?

republic

who were the helots?

state owned serf of the ancient spartans

what is syncretism?how does buddha in greek togy show it?

taking cultures that blend together to form a new one

How did the geography affect ancient Greece?

the mountainous terrain led to the to Greece composing of mostly city states.

why is odyssey & iliad important?

they were both made by Homer on the trojan war ,but odyssey is about the hero of the trojan war.

Purpose of Archs

to support or stregthen a building

What was the effect of winning the Persian War on the Greeks?

victory boosted morale and importance of the Athenians= 2 cocky = led to peloponesian war

What was slavery like in Rome?

was relied on HEAVY-ly (idk how to spell that) slaves were brought in from conquests, lived in bad conditions

Doric

was simple one (had no scrolls at the top)

Corinthian

was the most complex, had mini scrolls at the top and other desgins

Purpose of Aquaducts

water supply contstrcuted to convey water, (form of irrigation)

what are common characteristics (shared values)that made the greeks one person(even though they were indepentent city-states)?

1.covered small areas of land 2.small populations(most fewer than 10,000) 3.original forts created on an acropolis(hill) 4.each city-state had an agora(market place)

out these in chronological order 1.punic wars Peloponnesian wars 3.alexander crosses the idus river 4.fall of rome(27B.C.E.) 5.persian war 6.trojan war 7.assassination of julius caesar

5>3>4>7>2>1>6

What was Pax Romana like?

A period of peace and prosperity where a currency was introduced, trade expanded, and roads were built.

What was the impact of Alexander the Great?

Alexander created a new age, the Hellenistic Era. And he left a cultural legacy. Due to his conquest, Greek language, architecture literature, and art spread thought Southwest Asia and the near East.

what great Greek philosopher tutored Alexander the great?

Aristotle

What was Athenian democracy like, as supposed to the U.S

Athenians had a direct democracy, where as the U.S has a liberal democracy/ president tooo.

how was Athens govt.different/similar to the roman republic?

Athens had a direct democracy and the roman's elected magistrates held considerable of power and made laws

What were the reasons for decline of the Roman Empire?

Division of Empire, poorly trained armies, invasions, increase in taxes 2 support army and beuracracy, reliance on slave labor, indenture of farmers 2 wealthy land owners

What were the Twelve Tables?

First laws that confirm right of all free citizens to protection of the law - all citizens were "equal under the law". created by ROMANS