World History Midterm Study
After the Qin Dynasty initiated the imperial era in Chinese history, the longest period of political fragmentation in China took place ______________________. Between the Han and Tang Dynasties, during the time when Buddhism first spread into China. Between the collapse of the Tang Dynasty and the founding of the Song Dynasty. Between the Qin and Han Dynasties, when Liu Bang was contending with rival warlords to reunite China after the collapse of the Qin. Between the Song and Yuan Dynasties, when the Mongols, led by Genghis Khan and eventually Khubilai Khan, kept invading China.
A
An important theme that emerges from both the Ramayana and Bhagavad-Gita is _________ the virtuous nature of following one's dharma. the importance of the Buddhist principle of non-violence. the great wisdom of King Ashoka. the power of Indra to shape events on earth.
A
Based on linguistic and archaeological evidence, experts trace the early origins of the Indo-Aryans to ____________________ Nomadic pastoralists who lived on the steppe lands of southern Russia. Farmers who migrated to India from Mesopotamia by crossing over the Hindu Kush. Indus Valley Civilization peoples who, during its collapse, had migrated away from it to the Indo-Gangetic Plains. Seafarers who migrated to India from Southeast Asia.
A
Based on linguistic and archaeological evidence, experts trace the early origins of the Indo-Aryans to ____________________ Nomadic pastoralists who lived on the steppe lands of southern Russia. Farmers who migrated to India from Mesopotamia by crossing over the Hindu Kush. Seafarers who migrated to India from Southeast Asia. Indus Valley Civilization peoples who, during its collapse, had migrated away from it to the Indo-Gangetic Plains.
A
During the Delhi Sultanate, _______________________________________ The Sultans, following a principle outlined in the Quran, allowed Hindus to retain their faith and live within the Islamic state so long as they paid a higher tax. Turkic sultans attempted to control the subjugated, largely Hindu population through programs of forcible conversion. Muslim, Turkic rulers eventually established rule over the entire subcontinent. Mahmud of Ghazni repeatedly invaded and plundered India.
A
For China, the first dynasty for which we have written records is ______________. The Shang Dynasty The Song Dynasty The Qin Dynasty The Xia Dynasty
A
If we assume that - as most experts do - that Erlitou was indeed the capital of the Xia Dynasty, which one of the following cannot be stated based on the archaeological evidence? Burial sites indicate an egalitarian social structure, where farmers and ruling elites interacted as equals. Workshops indicate a Bronze Age civilization. A central, walled palace complex points to a further stage in state development along the Yellow River, from chiefdoms to the first kingdom. Workshops were used to produce pottery.
A
In East Asia, for the period of time under study, which of the following happened first? Correct Answer Liu Bang rose from obscurity and founded a dynasty. Cao Cao suppressed the Yellow Turbans and established a military dictatorship. Incorrect Response The Japanese kingdom sent study missions to China. Silla unified the Korean Peninsula.
A
In Japan, widespread rice paddy agriculture began during ___________________. The Yayoi Period The Three Kingdoms Period The Mounded Tomb Period The Jōmon Period
A
In general, people belonged to the untouchable caste primarily because ______________________ Their occupation was considered highly impure and others saw them as polluting. Their ancestors had lived outside urbanized areas as primitive hunter-gatherers. Their ancestors had committed serious crimes. They worshipped Hindu deities residing in the netherworld.
A
Just before the beginning of the Middle Pleistocene period, we have evidence of the first hominid excursion to Europe. Evidence of this excursion has been found near modern day Rome Barcelona Paris Moscow
A
Kalidasa is most famed for ________________. Writing a love story centered upon a girl who lived in the countryside and the king who chanced upon her Producing ancient medical texts that became the foundation of Ayurveda Founding the Gupta Empire Being the first astronomer to propose that the earth rotates on an axis
A
Kingdoms first form along the Ganges River during ___________________________ The later Vedic Age, ca. 1000-600 BCE. The period of transition leading up the formation of the Mauryan Empire, ca. 6th century BCE. The early Vedic Age, ca. 1700-1000 BCE. When the Mauryan state forms in the 4th century BCE.
A
Regarding the Indo-Aryans, which one of the following is not true? They first came to India by traversing the lower reaches of the Ganges River. They had priestly clans that composed and orally transmitted hymns with a religious purpose. They spoke Sanskrit. They were originally nomadic pastoralists who first migrated from Central Asia to India during the early Vedic Age.
A
Sargon of Akkad brought people in his empire together using all of the following methods EXCEPT: He created a state religion that recognized him as destined to rule because he was the son of god. He used his military to conquer surrounding city-states and build an empire. Legends emphasized his humble origins to highlight his ability to rise to greatness and rule the empire. He used public monuments to celebrate his military victories and build a sense of unity.
A
Socrates is famously reported to have described himself as which pest, when making an analogy about how he forced the Athenians to engage with difficult questions? Correct Answer Gadfly Incorrect Response Locust Worm Mosquito
A
The Ancient Greeks founded colonies during the Archaic period in all of the following regions EXCEPT? Britain Southern Italy The Black Sea coast Sicily
A
The Shang Dynasty was________________________. A monarchy that likely relied on confederations with local chieftains to control territory at a distance from Anyang. Governed by a monarchy with a military bureaucracy that controlled a clearly defined territory. A chiefdom governed by a tribal council. An imperial monarchy that had centralized control over the North China Plain through the use of large armies composed primarily of foot soldiers.
A
The Shang Dynasty was________________________. A monarchy that likely relied on confederations with local chieftains to control territory at a distance from Anyang. Governed by a monarchy with a military bureaucracy that controlled a clearly defined territory. An imperial monarchy that had centralized control over the North China Plain through the use of large armies composed primarily of foot soldiers. A chiefdom governed by a tribal council.
A
The archaeological excavations of Megara Hyblaea, a Greek colony in Sicily, showed that Greek colonists were interested in Correct Answer Urban planning and equality of citizens Urban farming on a large scale Building elaborate mansions Incorrect Response Building elaborate temples and strong walls
A
The earliest dynasties in Chinese history first developed____________. Along the Yellow River and on the North China Plain, where the land and climate are suited to wheat and millet farming. In Beijing, the capital of China today. Along the Yangzi River and in central China, where a warmer and wetter climate makes for productive rice agriculture. On the Manchurian Plains, on land suited to hunting, farming, and fishing.
A
The founder of the first empire that unified most of the Indian subcontinent was ________________ Chandragupta Maurya. King Ashoka. King Bimbisara. Alexander the Great.
A
The history of the Satavahana Kingdom signals _________________ The increasing importance of the Deccan Plateau and territory further south for the history of large states on the subcontinent. The end of a period of regional states as India was once again unified under an empire. The initial stage in the impact of Islam and Islamic states on South Asia. The declining impact of Aryan civilization on the history of India.
A
The last capital of the Shang Dynasty was located__________________________________. on the North China Plain just north of the eastern reaches of the Yellow River. along the middle reaches of the Yangzi River in Central China. on the North China Plain just south of the middle reaches of the Yellow River. where Beijing is today, in China Proper.
A
The most successful and longest lasting of the kingdoms that emerged out of Alexander's empire was Ptolemaic Egypt The Seleucid Empire The Kingdom of Macedon Antigonid Syria
A
The term "Asia Minor" refers to which geographical region in the Greek world? The region directly across the Aegean Sea from mainland Greece, in modern-day Turkey The region directly across the Adriatic Sea from mainland Greece, in modern-day Italy The Far East - India and China The Middle East and Egypt
A
What was the original purpose of the Delian League? To protect the Greeks in Ionia from subsequent attacks from Persia To facilitate Greek colonization of Asia Minor To extend the influence of Athens to all of the Aegean To punish the Persians for the Persian invasions of Greece
A
When they moved their capital to Meroe, the people in Kingdom of Kush saw all of the following developments EXCEPT:
A
Which Hellenistic school of philosophy argued that it was impossible for humans to reach any accurate conclusions about the world, and thus the key to happiness was to stop trying? Skepticism Epicureanism Stoicism Cynicism
A
Which of the following is not true of a person's caste? It had no impact on how a person, in a public setting, related to peoples of other castes. It impacted the kind of work a person would be expected to do. Being a part of that caste might also mean that you hold certain beliefs and reside in a certain place. It impacted expectations about whom that person could marry.
A
Which of the following would be least related to the impact or influence of Legalist thinking on Qin policies? Correct Answer Construction of a giant underground mausoleum for the ruler, so that his power would extend into the spirit world. Efforts to regularize administration and to apply laws uniformly to the population. Incorrect Response Implementing measures to make groups of families accountable to one another. Implementing policies to concentrate power in the hands of the ruler.
A
Which one of the following best describes the dominant political pattern during the early medieval age in India's history in its entirety? Powerful regional kingdoms Large empires with centralized bureaucracies and Sultan rulers Republics formed from chieftain confederacies Hindu rulers governing predominantly Muslim populations
A
Which one of the following is not a characteristic of Mahayana Buddhism? The ideal path to salvation became living as monk or nun in a monastic setting and seeking perfection in enlightenment. New scriptures appeared that offer different paths to enlightenment. The notion of the Bodhisattva - a holy being that has foregone final enlightenment in order to work for the salvation of others - is developed. The universe becomes populated with numerous god-like Buddhas.
A
Which one of the following is not a geographical feature of the Indian subcontinent? Plains located to the south of the Himalaya are lacking in rivers. Mountain ranges and narrow coastal plains line the peninsula. The peninsula is surrounded by three major bodies of water - two seas and one ocean. It is ringed by mountains to the north.
A
Which one of the following is not one of the major ideas discussed in the Upanishads? There is no point in doing good works because doing so won't change your future. One divine reality underlies the universe. Within the heart of each person lies an eternal soul. Humans wander through a succession of deaths and rebirths.
A
Which one of the following is not something that King Ashoka proclaimed to his subjects? In preparation for possible invasions from the northwest, young men should train in mounted warfare. In observance of the principle of non-injury, certain animals must not be cooked in the royal kitchen. He was going to stop hunting and rather go on tours where he would visit his subjects. Everyone should learn such values as forbearance, respect, and courtesy.
A
Which one of the following is not true of Mohenjo-Daro? It lacked structures for moving sewage out of the city. It had residential and commercial sectors laid out on a grid resembling city blocks. It was located along the lower reaches of the Indus River. Structures were principally composed of mudbricks and bricks baked in kilns.
A
Which one of the following is not true of Siddhartha Gautama (the Buddha)? He was born into the untouchable caste. He was born in northern India. He practiced meditation. After obtaining enlightenment, he taught about what he had learned.
A
Which one of the following is not true of the Korean Peninsula? Correct Answer Its northern boundary is defined by the Yellow River. Incorrect Response It is bound by seas on three sides - the Yellow Sea, East China Sea, and Sea of Japan. Because it lies between China and Japan, Korean dynasties have been impacted by the history of those states. Like Japan, it is mountainous.
A
Which one of the following is not true of the status of women during the Song Dynasty? They were allowed to serve in minor offices in the government. After marriage, they might be expected to manage the household and educate the children. Social norms and laws placed them in a subordinate position. Their marriages were almost always arranged.
A
Which one of the following statements is not true of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty and the Warring States Period? Confucius served as a hegemon at the court of the Zhou kings. Zhou feudal lords engaged in an escalating contest for power and prestige. The prestige and power of Zhou kings faded, and their dynasty was eventually extinguished. The level and scale of warfare increased.
A
Which one of the following was not an important element influencing the political development of Korea during the Three Kingdoms and Silla Dynasty? Correct Answer Invasions by Japanese warrior elites during Japan's Yayoi Period. Buddhist notions of rulership, according to which rulers might style themselves as living Buddhas. Korea's geographical location vis-à-vis China and Japan. Incorrect Response Martial traditions held by warrior elites in these Korean states.
A
Which one of the following would not be considered one of the major sources for studying the Shang Dynasty? Almanacs with astrological charts. A royal cemetery with large, cross-shaped tombs. Turtle plastrons and scapula from cows. Sacrificial pits.
A
Which philosophical/religious tradition most impacted the Yellow Turbans? Daoism Buddhism Confucianism Shintoism
A
Which type of source is NOT an example of material culture? The Homeric epics A papyrus document from Egypt A vase painting An inscription on a wall
A
Who was Tyrtaeus, and what did he write about? Spartan poet, who wrote military elegies that glorified death in battle Spartan poet, who wrote religious poetry Spartan king, who wrote military poetry as well Spartan historian, who wrote a Spartan account of the Peloponnesian War
A
Which of the following sites supports the possibility of pre-10,000 BCE colonization of the Americas by humans? Monte Verde in Chile Meadowcraft near Pittsburgh Page-Ladson in Florida All of the above
All of the above
According to the teachings presented by the Buddha at his first sermon, ___________________________ A host of deities control the natural world and the good and bad that befalls the human race, but they can be appeased through rituals. Life is fundamentally characterized by suffering, suffering is caused by a kind of unquenchable thirst, but there is a cure for this, and it is referred to as nirvana. Because they are ritually purer, only the Brahmin priests can attain nirvana in this lifetime. Because the individual's soul is infected with bad karma, it transmigrates until a program of meditation is undertaken and nirvana is achieved.
B
Chandragupta Maurya's campaigns brought him into conflict with a foreign ruler, one with whom he eventually worked out a treaty. That ruler was ____________________ The ruler of Persia, Darius III. A general who had served Alexander the Great. Attila the Hun. The First Emperor of Qin, who was ruling China.
B
During China's Han Dynasty, _______________________. The Silla Dynasty repulsed Chinese invasions and unified the Korean peninsula under one state China established four military outposts in Korea that established control over part of the peninsula, even as independent kingdoms and tribal confederations remained to the east and south China established commanderies in Korea that exercised control over the entire peninsula Invasion of China by the state of Goguryeo led to the Han Dynasty's downfall
B
During China's Han Dynasty, _______________________. The Silla Dynasty repulsed Chinese invasions and unified the Korean peninsula under one state China established four military outposts in Korea that established control over part of the peninsula, even as independent kingdoms and tribal confederations remained to the east and south Invasion of China by the state of Goguryeo led to the Han Dynasty's downfall China established commanderies in Korea that exercised control over the entire peninsula
B
During China's Song Dynasty, the principal path by which an individual became an official serving in the government was ________________________? Recommendation by district magistrates. Success in a theoretically meritocratic examination system. Through being voted into office during the fall election season. Hereditary privilege, by belonging to the aristocratic class.
B
Excavations of Harappan Civilization have revealed ___________________ Previously undiscovered, large pyramids rivaling those of ancient Egypt. Thousands of villages as small as 2-3 acres each but also several major cities reaching over one hundred acres each. A civilization composed of thousands of village communities, but without signs of urbanization. That although it had several dozen small towns, sizable cities never developed.
B
Excavations of Harappan Civilization have revealed ___________________ Previously undiscovered, large pyramids rivaling those of ancient Egypt. Thousands of villages as small as 2-3 acres each but also several major cities reaching over one hundred acres each. That although it had several dozen small towns, sizable cities never developed. A civilization composed of thousands of village communities, but without signs of urbanization.
B
For China, the first dynasty for which we have written records is ______________. The Xia Dynasty The Shang Dynasty The Song Dynasty The Qin Dynasty
B
For the period of time under study, which of the following was not an important component of Hinduism? Organizing individual life according to rules and roles prescribed by a social class. Foregoing final enlightenment for the purpose of working for the deliverance of others. Going to a temple to view a representation of a deity and to pray and offer fruits and flowers. Use of sacrificial altars to approach the gods.
B
From the Han through the Song Dynasties, the greatest external threat to China was _____________. Burmese warlords who repeatedly made incursions into southeast China. Nomadic pastoralists living on the steppe lands to the north of China. European explorers who arrived on the shores of China with gunboats and imposed unequal treaties on the Chinese government. Japanese pirates that raided the coast of Japan and sailed inland to plunder Chinese towns and cities.
B
Historians have termed the pattern of governing in India during the early medieval age feudalism principally because ______________________ Medieval rulers lived in castles located on manors. Although medieval rulers usually administered a core area with a centralized bureaucracy, they generally controlled the periphery by allowing subordinate local rulers to retain noble titles and land in exchange for allegiance. Arab rulers originating from Persia invaded India and changed the pattern of Indian society through the introduction of the Islamic religion. Medieval rulers granted manors to wealthy farmers in exchange for military service.
B
If you were living in Ancient Greece and got sick, where would you go for healing? The oracle of Apollo at Delphi The Temple of Asclepius at Epidaurus The Temple of Zeus at Olympia The Parthenon in Athens
B
In Japan, widespread rice paddy agriculture began during ___________________. The Three Kingdoms Period The Yayoi Period The Jōmon Period The Mounded Tomb Period
B
In addition to containing a famous law code, Hammurabi's Code also: Included an income-based tax code and set up a system to draft young men into the military. Intended to unify people within the empire and establish common standards of acceptable behavior. Identified Hammurabi as a god. He ruled his empire as a priest-king. Showed that everyone would be treated equally; it had the same punishments for everyone, regardless of his/her social status.
B
In early 4th century BCE, just slightly after the Buddha's lifetime, the most powerful state in northern India was _________________ The Satavahana Kingdom. The Kingdom of Magadha. The Vedic Kingdom. The Gupta Empire.
B
In thinking about differences between China during the Western Zhou and the Qin Dynasty (after it had unified China), which of the following does not apply? Qin governing was more centralized and impersonally bureaucratic. The rulers of both the Western Zhou and the Qin dynasty referred to themselves with the same title. They both rose to power through warfare and conquest. Their capitals were both located in northwest China, nearby the middle reaches of the Yellow River.
B
Islam and Islamic rule first impacted the Indian subcontinent during __________________ ? The decline of the Mauryan Empire. The expansion of the Umayyad Caliphate, in the late seventh and early eighth centuries CE. The founding of the Delhi Sultanate, in the thirteenth century CE. The expansion of the Kushan Kingdom, in the first century CE.
B
Kingdoms first form along the Ganges River during ___________________________ The period of transition leading up the formation of the Mauryan Empire, ca. 6th century BCE. The later Vedic Age, ca. 1000-600 BCE. When the Mauryan state forms in the 4th century BCE. The early Vedic Age, ca. 1700-1000 BCE.
B
One important theme that comes out of close study of the Kushan Kingdom is ______________________ The impact of the rise of Islamic states on northwest India. The dynamic relation between the history of the Indian subcontinent and Central Asia. The emergence of kingdoms in Sri Lanka after the end of the Mauryan Empire. The close trade links between the Coromandel Coast and Southeast Asia.
B
One of the most notable developments in the area of politics during the Han Dynasty and the reign of Emperor Wu was _____________________. The impact of Buddhist notions of non-violence on criminal law. The adoption of Confucianism as a governing ideology. The adoption of Daoism as a ruling philosophy. The adoption of legalism as state orthodoxy.
B
Regarding the Indo-Aryans, which one of the following is not true? They had priestly clans that composed and orally transmitted hymns with a religious purpose. They first came to India by traversing the lower reaches of the Ganges River. They spoke Sanskrit. They were originally nomadic pastoralists who first migrated from Central Asia to India during the early Vedic Age.
B
Regarding the Indo-Aryans, which one of the following is not true? They were originally nomadic pastoralists who first migrated from Central Asia to India during the early Vedic Age. They first came to India by traversing the lower reaches of the Ganges River. They had priestly clans that composed and orally transmitted hymns with a religious purpose. They spoke Sanskrit.
B
Shang rulers and elites clearly believed that the principal factor determining whether or not future events would be favorable to them was ______________. Maintaining policies that benefited the agricultural producers. The spirits of their deceased ancestors. Correctly carrying out rituals to appease demons residing in the underworld. Maintaining military garrisons along the borders of their territorial state.
B
The Tigris and Euphrates Rivers were significant for ancient Mesopotamians for all of the following reasons EXCEPT: The rivers facilitated trade. The rivers acted as a barrier that protected ancient Mesopotamians from foreign invasions. The rivers brought large amounts of freshwater to a region that otherwise received little or irregular rainfall. The rivers carried silt downstream, enriching the soil.
B
The earliest dynasties in Chinese history first developed____________. On the Manchurian Plains, on land suited to hunting, farming, and fishing. Along the Yellow River and on the North China Plain, where the land and climate are suited to wheat and millet farming. Along the Yangzi River and in central China, where a warmer and wetter climate makes for productive rice agriculture. In Beijing, the capital of China today
B
The heartland of Samudragupta's empire was located _____________________? In the Punjab Along the Ganges River On the Deccan Plateau Along the Indus River
B
The most dominant state in East Asia during the seventh century was _______________. The Korean Silla Dynasty China's Tang Dynasty Japan Manchuria
B
The most important archaeological evidence for the early origins of the Japanese imperial line are __________________? Palace ruins in central Japan. Large, keyhole-shaped, mounded tombs. Cord-marked pottery decorated with inscribed symbols. Iron swords found in northwestern Kyushu.
B
The philosophy of early Daoism _____________________________. Emphasized the importance of the scientific study of the natural world. Suggested that people can return to a natural way of being that is spontaneous and effortless. Built on Confucian ideas by adding a cosmological dimension to them. Was utilized by the First Emperor of China to govern his realm.
B
The primary purpose of the Olympic Games was originally to Cement pan-Hellenic solidarity Celebrate and worship the god Zeus Bring prominence to the city of Olympia To celebrate athletes from all over the Greek world
B
The state of Magadha ___________________________________ Began as a small kingdom located on the Deccan Plateau, with Pataliputra as its first capital. Began as a small kingdom located along the lower reaches of the Ganges River, with Rajagriha as its first capital. Began as a confederacy located along the upper reaches of the Indus River, with its capital at Taxila. Began as a republic located at the foothills of Nepal, and is the place were Siddhartha Gautama grew up.
B
The state that was most critical for the movement of Buddhism into Central Asia (and, consequently, East Asia) was the ____________________ ? Satavahana Kingdom. Kushan Kingdom. Gupta Empire. Chola Dynasty.
B
To what does "Natufian Adaption" refer? The migration of Homo sapiens out of Africa some 45,000 years ago. Residents of West Asia who saw the benefits of sedentary living before the advent of agriculture. The gradual appearance of new animal species, including deer and horses, in Europe. The development of closely related hominid species in the grasslands of Southern and Eastern Africa.
B
What is the historical significance of Jericho and Çatalhüyük for the study of early human civilization? They left the earliest writing They are examples of the earliest village-like settlements They were the first to domesticate dogs They made a peace treaty with each other
B
What profitable use were some Greeks, especially the Athenians and the Corinthians, able to make from their clay-rich soil? Agriculture, focusing on importing fertile land to mix with the clay Pottery trade Monumental building and construction Bricks trade
B
What role did prophets play in ancient Israel? They were soldiers, who protected the Israelites when they faced persecution. They were teachers, who spoke on behalf of god and set moral and ethical standards for the community. They were seen as the sons of god. Their primary role was to usher people into heaven. They were advisors to Israel's kings. They legitimized the rule of kings and warned people to be obedient to the kings.
B
What was the consequence of the Peloponnesian War for the thetes, the lowest census bracket in Athens? They were driven out of Athens during the war Their position in the state improved because of the war, and they gained significant political influence by the end of the war Their position grew worse, as they became de facto slaves as a result of the war The war did not change their status
B
What was the main reason that Socrates was condemned to death? The Athenians misunderstood his teachings His connections to the oligarchs who had previously overthrown the democracy He was seen as a traitor to the city, because of his connections to Sparta Trick question: he was not condemned to death
B
Which Egyptian royal custom did the Ptolemies adopt, when they began to rule Egypt? Marriage of cousins Brother-sister marriage Adoption of successors, instead of allowing biological children to succeed All of the above
B
Which Hellenistic thinker is considered to have created the discipline of geometry? Archimedes Euclid Herophilus of Chalcedon Aristotle
B
Which major Greek polis sided with the Persians during the Persian Wars? Corinth Thebes Plataea Athens
B
Which of the following is not true of the first millennium AD (0-1000 AD) in East Asia? China was the dominant power. China repeatedly invaded Korea and Japan. Strong states developed in Korea and Japan. Buddhism spread into East Asia.
B
Which of the following is the oldest archaeological site or place in South Asia (in this group)? Rajagriha Mohenjo-Daro Pataliputra Delhi
B
Which of the following was NOT a result of the Persian Wars? The Greeks demonstrated their superiority over Persians both on land and on sea Despite the loss in Greece proper, the wars resulted in a growth in territory for the Persians in Asia Minor The wars created a stronger than before sense of Pan-Hellenic identity among the Greeks The Athenians built a military reputation that rivaled that of the Spartans
B
Which one of the following does not evidence why the Song Dynasty China was one of the most developed countries in the world in its time? The level of urbanization. Correct Answer Successful military subjugation of steppe tribes located to the north of China. The size of the population. Incorrect Response The extent to which the economy was commercialized.
B
Which one of the following is not a characteristic of varnas system? It defined a social hierarchy. It gave the most honor to the vaishya farmers. It was largely defined by occupational category. It was hereditary.
B
Which one of the following is not a geographical feature of the Indian subcontinent? Mountain ranges and narrow coastal plains line the peninsula. Plains located to the south of the Himalaya are lacking in rivers. The peninsula is surrounded by three major bodies of water - two seas and one ocean. It is ringed by mountains to the north.
B
Which one of the following is true regarding how the relationship between China and Korea differed from the relationship between China and Japan? The Japanese state was more directly impact by Chinese military aggression than Korean states were. Korean states were more directly impacted by Chinese military aggression than was the Japanese state. Neither state was impacted by developments in Tang China, so the relationships were not different. Both Korean states and Japan were invaded by China's Tang Dynasty and hence equally impacted in their political development.
B
Which one of the following regions was not closely linked to South Asia by the Silk Road and Indian Ocean trade routes? Southeast Asia Scandinavia Central Asia East Africa
B
While coming to power as emperor of all of China, which of the following completed what his grandfather had begun? Prince Shotoku Kublai Khan Cao Cao Liu Bang
B
While each Greek polis had its own dating system, what system did the Greeks adopt as a common pan-Hellenic way of dating events? Dating events by time elapsed since Trojan War Dating events by Olympiads - four-year Olympic cycles The Greeks refused to adopt a common way of dating events until the age of Alexander Dating events from foundation of the oracle at Delphi
B
Archaeological evidence from Dolni Vetoniçe in the Czech Republic show that the early hominids living there used mammoth remains for a variety of purposes, EXCEPT Jewelry Portable art Bone knives and other cutting instruments Food
Bone knives and other cutting instruments
According to the teachings presented by the Buddha at his first sermon, ___________________________ Because they are ritually purer, only the Brahmin priests can attain nirvana in this lifetime. Because the individual's soul is infected with bad karma, it transmigrates until a program of meditation is undertaken and nirvana is achieved. Life is fundamentally characterized by suffering, suffering is caused by a kind of unquenchable thirst, but there is a cure for this, and it is referred to as nirvana. A host of deities control the natural world and the good and bad that befalls the human race, but they can be appeased through rituals.
C
During the early medieval period in India's history, the majority of the population can be categorized as having belonged to which major religious tradition? Daoism Buddhism Hinduism Islam
C
Early Zhou rulers and the Duke of Zhou justified overthrowing the Shang Dynasty by claiming ________________. The Shang king was illegitimate, born of a barbarian mother. That the Shang king had captured Zhou nobles and sacrificed them to their ancestors. A higher power had deemed that the Shang no longer had the right to rule and designated the Zhou rulers as the ones now responsible for that task. That Shang rulers had broken the oaths they had taken when they allied with the Zhou to govern western territory.
C
For the early history of India, the most important region of South Asia is _____________ The Malabar and Coromandel Coasts. The Deccan Plateau. The Indo-Gangetic Plain. The Himalaya Mountains.
C
In India's early history, kingdoms for form on the Indo-Gangetic Plains during____________________. the early medieval age, after 600 CE. the period of regional states, c. 200 BCE-300 CE. Correct Answer the later Vedic Age, c. 1000-600 BCE. Incorrect Response the third millennium BCE, when the Harappan Civilization was at its peak
C
In early 4th century BCE, just slightly after the Buddha's lifetime, the most powerful state in northern India was _________________ The Gupta Empire. The Vedic Kingdom. The Kingdom of Magadha. The Satavahana Kingdom.
C
In terms of its origins as a word, "India" first referred to _____________________. Pakistan Southeast Asia People living on lands lying beyond the Indus River The nation of India
C
In the Tang Law Code, crimes committed against family members result in more severe punishment than ones committed against a stranger. As well, the punishment for a son harming his father was more severe than the opposite case. The importance of status in determining punishment most reflects the influence of ________. Daoism Buddhism Confucianism Legalism
C
One important theme that comes out of close study of the Kushan Kingdom is ______________________ The impact of the rise of Islamic states on northwest India. The close trade links between the Coromandel Coast and Southeast Asia. The dynamic relation between the history of the Indian subcontinent and Central Asia. The emergence of kingdoms in Sri Lanka after the end of the Mauryan Empire.
C
Over the course of the Eastern Zhou and then the Warring States Period ___________________________________. Following advice in the Art of War, the Zhou kingdom was able to reunify the realm under one centralized monarchy by fielding the most powerful army and proclaiming the Mandate of Heaven. Warfare caused the fragmentation of the Chinese cultural realm into an ever larger number of feudal domains. A large number of feudal states governed by noble lords evolved into a handful of centralized monarchies ruled by kings. China was repeatedly invaded by the Mongols, at least until the Zhou kings built the Great Wall.
C
Shang rulers and elites clearly believed that the principal factor determining whether or not future events would be favorable to them was ______________. Correctly carrying out rituals to appease demons residing in the underworld. Maintaining military garrisons along the borders of their territorial state. The spirits of their deceased ancestors. Maintaining policies that benefited the agricultural producers.
C
Shinto ___________________________________. Originated in Shang Dynasty China, and is characterized primarily by ancestor worship. Is the religious tradition native to Korea. Originated in prehistoric Japan as reverence for deities and spirits primarily associated with natural phenomena. Originated as a branch of Buddhism in China but then migrated to Japan, where it was assimilated to Japanese culture and indigenized.
C
Some historian view the Gupta Empire as a classical age in India's history because ______________ Gupta rulers established dominance over the entire subcontinent through a model of tributary overlordship Having become widespread among the population, Mahayana Buddhism brought an unprecedented degree of stability to the empire A number of important literary and art works were produced that established a new standard for artistic excellence India had not yet been impacted by the invasion of Islamic states
C
Some historians of India have called the Indus Valley/Harappan Civilization proto-historic because ____________ Although we have deciphered written sources for this civilization, their small number provides little additional information about it. Although the civilization was highly urbanized and complex, there is no evidence that it had a system of writing. Although a system of writing existed, it hasn't been deciphered. All of the written sources were destroyed during its decline and disappearance.
C
The Epic of Gilgamesh suggests what about Mesopotamian views of the afterlife? Ancient Mesopotamians believed that only people who were kind and lived virtuously had access to an afterlife. Ancient Mesopotamians looked forward to the afterlife. They expected to be happy and content in the afterlife. Ancient Mesopotamians expected the afterlife to be generally miserable for everybody. Ancient Mesopotamians thought that only kings had an afterlife; everybody else just ceased to exist.
C
The First Emperor of Qin______________________________. had inherited the throne of one of the weakest of the Warring States Period kingdoms and yet was, by relying on Confucian political philosophy, able to overthrow all of the others. Relied heavily on the philosophy of Buddhism to govern his realm. Forged a large territorial state that was administered by a centralized monarchy. as one of China's Warring States Period kings, desired to unify the Chinese cultural realm under one monarch, but he failed to achieve his goals.
C
The Seleucid Empire had a particularly antagonistic relationship with which of its subjects? The Parthians The Babylonians The Jews None of the above - the Seleucids were a very tolerant and irenic dynasty
C
The Seleucid Empire had a particularly antagonistic relationship with which of its subjects? The Parthians The Babylonians Correct Answer The Jews Incorrect Response None of the above - the Seleucids were a very tolerant and irenic dynasty
C
The Song Dynasty in China came to an end when ___________________? Khubilai Khan moved his capital to Beijing and declared the founding of the Great Yuan Dynasty. Genghis Khan led forces into the Song capital and the last Song emperor committed suicide. Khubilai Khan's generals, with the advice of Chinese advisors, successfully completed a series of naval campaigns and induced the surrender of the last Song emperor. The last Song emperor was captured and executed while leading a major offensive against Khubilai Khan in Mongolia.
C
The concept that refers to the rules pertaining to a particular caste is__________________ Karma Atman Dharma Four Noble Truths
C
The founder of the first empire that unified most of the Indian subcontinent was ________________ King Ashoka. Alexander the Great. Chandragupta Maurya. King Bimbisara.
C
The historical setting for the composition of the earlier Upanishads was __________________, and _____________. The Mauryan Empire/they are a record of King Ashoka's edicts. The life of the historical Buddha/ these are records of his sermons as recorded by his disciples. The later Vedic Age/they are purported to be records of sages who conveyed their spiritual insights to students. The early Vedic Age/ they are a record of the hymns orally transmitted by the priestly clans among the Indo-Aryans peoples.
C
The term "Neolithic Revolution" refers to The rise of writing The rise of hunter-gatherers The move from the hunter-gatherer lifestyle to agriculture The completion of the dispersion of humans all over the world
C
The term helots refers to Slaves whom the Athenians conquered in foreign wars Greek slaves in general The Messenians neighbors whom the Spartans conquered and turned into their unfree labor force Unknown
C
The worldview of the scholar-official class that dominated China from the Song Dynasty until the twentieth century was __________________. Daoism Buddhism Confucianism Shintoism
C
What did Thucydides say was the real cause of the Peloponnesian War? Athenian desire to conquer the Peloponnese Spartan desire to expand beyond the Peloponnese The growing power of Athens, and the fear that that growth inspired in Sparta He believed that the real cause of the war was a mystery that no one ever figured out
C
What is/was Beringia? A volcanic rock formation in the Indian Ocean. An isthmus, or narrow strip of land, between the Caribbean Sea and the Pacific Ocean. A landmass that used to connect North America and Asia. Also known as the Galata Bridge, Beringia connected the Middle East to Europe.
C
What of the following was NOT one of the military improvements that Philip II made to the Macedonian army? Adoption of the Theban-style wedge formation for the phalanx Replacing the regular hoplite spear with the sarissa Extensive sword training for hand-to-hand combat Incorporating heavy cavalry
C
What was one method Kushan rulers such as King Kanishka may have used to rule their large, culturally diverse realm? Close borders to prevent instability caused by migration. Enforce religious unity across the land by forcibly converting people to Buddhism. Present themselves as patrons of the differing deities worshipped by subjects in their land. Nationalize and redistribute farmland so as to prevent peasant rebellions.
C
What was the chief ruling body in Sparta? The two kings The ekklesia The gerousia All Spartiates
C
What was the historical significance of the Battle of Marathon? The Spartans' victory of King Darius' Persian army marked the end of the First Persian invasion of Greece It showed the military superiority of the Spartans to all other Greeks The Athenians' victory over King Darius' Persian army marked the end of the First Persian invasion of Greece It showed the military superiority of the Persians over the Greeks
C
When did the pharaohs and the Egyptian elite use the Valley of Kings as their preferred burial site? During the Middle Kingdom During the First Intermediate Period During the New Kingdom During the Old Kingdom
C
Which Greek city-state legally allowed a man to ask permission from another man to father a child with his wife? Thebes None! Sparta Athens
C
Which Hellenistic philosophy advocated the least materialistic approach to everyday life? Stoicism Skepticism Cynicism Epicureanism
C
Which of the following is not a central feature of the early medieval age in India's history? Muslim Arab and Turkic rulers begin to make incursions into the subcontinent and establish Islamic states. Kingdoms often governed their territory according to a political pattern that has been labeled Indian feudalism. Mahayana Buddhism develops into a political ideology that medieval kings use to justify their rule. Some rulers enhance their power by presenting themselves as devotees of Hindu deities and enforcers of dharma.
C
Which of the following is not a feature of the Shang Dynasty? Large burial sites for rulers. Governing territory beyond the capital and its environs through alliances and confederation. Wall building to the north to prevent attacks by the nomadic pastoralists of Mongolia. Casting bronzes for the purpose of feeding the spirits of deceased ancestors.
C
Which of the following is not a feature of the Shang Dynasty? Large burial sites for rulers. Incorrect Response Governing territory beyond the capital and its environs through alliances and confederation. Correct Answer Wall building to the north to prevent attacks by the nomadic pastoralists of Mongolia. Casting bronzes for the purpose of feeding the spirits of deceased ancestors.
C
Which of the following is not an important difference between the Mauryan and Gupta Empires? One of the Mauryan rulers' kingly dharma was most heavily influenced by Buddhist principles. The Mauryan Empire did not last as long as the Gupta Empire did. Correct Answer Whereas the center of the Mauryan Empire was the Indus River, the center of the Gupta Empire was the Ganges River. Incorrect Response The Gupta Empire produced more extant (still existing) art and literature.
C
Which of the following regions did Alexander the Great NOT attempt to conquer? Egypt India China The Persian Empire
C
Which of the following statements was NOT true regarding Egyptian early writing systems Ancient Egyptians used the papyrus plant to make paper. Ancient Egyptians used three different scripts: hieroglyphic, hieratic, and demotic. The ancient Egyptians likely developed writing to make the building plans for pyramids. Literate people often used ostraca for less formal notes and communications
C
Which of the following traditions had the great impact on social relations/relationships in East Asia? Incorrect Response Buddhism Legalism Correct Answer Confucianism Daoism
C
Which of the following was NOT one of the consequences of the plague at Athens during the Peloponnesian War? After Pericles' death, more hawkish leaders took the war in a different direction Approximately 25% of the city's population died, which impacted the size of the Athenian army Athenians gained a mistrust of public water supply in the city, since they believed that was how the plague had spread Athens lost Pericles, its best strategic thinker, to the plague
C
Which one most accurately describes the meaning of dharma for Brahmins? Renouncing violence and embracing the principle of non-injury to all beings. Just and enlightened governing. A society founded on Vedic principles and the varna and caste system. The teachings given in the Four Noble Truths.
C
Which one most accurately describes the meaning of dharma for Brahmins? The teachings given in the Four Noble Truths. Just and enlightened governing. A society founded on Vedic principles and the varna and caste system. Renouncing violence and embracing the principle of non-injury to all beings.
C
Which one of the following cannot be considered one of the methods the Western Zhou rulers used to govern newly-conquered territory? They granted land and noble titles to Zhou kinsmen in exchange for obedience, tribute, and military support. They legitimated a kinship-based feudal system with a political ideology known as the Mandate of Heaven. They converted territory into counties so that magistrates elevated from the ranks of commoners could be assigned to them. They built a secondary capital farther east closer to the North China Plain and the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River, where most of the population was located.
C
Which one of the following is correctly chronologically ordered? Incorrect Response Siddartha Gautama, Rajaraja I, Kushan Kingdom. Samudragupta, King Ashoka, Chola Kingdom. Correct Answer Chandragupta Maurya, King Kanishka, Delhi Sultanate. Chola Kingdom, Gupta Empire, Mauryan Empire.
C
Which one of the following is not a geographical feature of the Indian subcontinent? The peninsula is surrounded by three major bodies of water - two seas and one ocean. It is ringed by mountains to the north. Plains located to the south of the Himalaya are lacking in rivers. Mountain ranges and narrow coastal plains line the peninsula.
C
Which one of the following is not one of the important legacies of the Qin Dynasty and the First Emperor of Qin? Across the empire, establishment of a centralized bureaucracy that governed a hierarchical system of administrative units. Facilitation of commerce and communication through roadbuilding and the standardization of weights, measures, and the system of writing. Creation of a stable political and social order by adopting and promoting Confucianism. Invention of a title used by the emperors of China throughout China's imperial history.
C
Which one of the following is not one of the important legacies of the Qin Dynasty and the First Emperor of Qin? Invention of a title used by the emperors of China throughout China's imperial history. Across the empire, establishment of a centralized bureaucracy that governed a hierarchical system of administrative units. Creation of a stable political and social order by adopting and promoting Confucianism. Facilitation of commerce and communication through roadbuilding and the standardization of weights, measures, and the system of writing.
C
Which one of the following is not true of Confucius? He was born to a family of minor nobility during the Eastern Zhou and just prior to the Warring States Period. Most of what we know about him comes from a record of conversations he held with his students that was written down after his death. During his lifetime, he realized his political aspirations by serving in high office as the advisor to a feudal lord. He believed that he was living in a time when civilization was collapsing.
C
Which one of the following is true regarding how the relationship between China and Korea differed from the relationship between China and Japan? Both Korean states and Japan were invaded by China's Tang Dynasty and hence equally impacted in their political development. The Japanese state was more directly impact by Chinese military aggression than Korean states were. Korean states were more directly impacted by Chinese military aggression than was the Japanese state. Neither state was impacted by developments in Tang China, so the relationships were not different.
C
Which one of the following was not an important element influencing the political development of Korea during the Three Kingdoms and Silla Dynasty? Buddhist notions of rulership, according to which rulers might style themselves as living Buddhas. Korea's geographical location vis-à-vis China and Japan. Correct Answer Invasions by Japanese warrior elites during Japan's Yayoi Period. Incorrect Response Martial traditions held by warrior elites in these Korean states.
C
Which one of the following was not something that Confucius taught? The root of morality can be found in the home, where young people should learn to be respectful and reverent towards parents. Humaneness and demonstrating good etiquette are two of the essential virtues of a gentleman. Only individuals from noble backgrounds have the conditions necessary to become noble men (persons of virtue). For a state to govern well, those who govern should themselves be moral exemplars
C
Which one of the following was not something that Confucius taught? The root of morality can be found in the home, where young people should learn to be respectful and reverent towards parents. Humaneness and demonstrating good etiquette are two of the essential virtues of a gentleman. Only individuals from noble backgrounds have the conditions necessary to become noble men (persons of virtue). For a state to govern well, those who govern should themselves be moral exemplars.
C
Which one of the following would not be considered one of the major sources for studying the Shang Dynasty? Incorrect Response Turtle plastrons and scapula from cows. A royal cemetery with large, cross-shaped tombs. Correct Answer Almanacs with astrological charts. Sacrificial pits.
C
Which primary source do historians consider to be the single best source of pan-Hellenic values from the Archaic period through the Hellenistic? Herodotus' Histories Incorrect Response Thucydides' History of the Peloponnesian War Correct Answer The Homeric epics The writings of Plato and Aristotle
C
Which religious tradition speculated that the individual should seek liberation by discovering his/her soul and its identity with Brahman? Daoism Islam Hinduism Buddhism
C
The term "Oldowan Industry" refers to The earliest stone knives and saws Early military weaponry The earliest hand axes Chopping tools made of flaked and smashed quartz pebbles
Chopping tools made of flaked and smashed quartz pebbles
All of the following were true about cuneiform in ancient Mesopotamia EXCEPT: Sumerians developed cuneiform. The Sumerian King List was recorded in cuneiform. Cuneiform was a written script of wedge shaped marks. Most people were literate and knew how to write in cuneiform.
D
Athena, the patron goddess of the city of Athens, was a goddess of The hunt and the moon Childbirth and women's virtue Wisdom and agriculture War, wisdom, and women's crafts
D
During the Delhi Sultanate, _______________________________________ Muslim, Turkic rulers eventually established rule over the entire subcontinent. Turkic sultans attempted to control the subjugated, largely Hindu population through programs of forcible conversion. Incorrect Response Mahmud of Ghazni repeatedly invaded and plundered India. Correct Answer The Sultans, following a principle outlined in the Quran, allowed Hindus to retain their faith and live within the Islamic state so long as they paid a higher tax.
D
Early Zhou rulers and the Duke of Zhou justified overthrowing the Shang Dynasty by claiming ________________. The Shang king was illegitimate, born of a barbarian mother. That Shang rulers had broken the oaths they had taken when they allied with the Zhou to govern western territory. That the Shang king had captured Zhou nobles and sacrificed them to their ancestors. A higher power had deemed that the Shang no longer had the right to rule and designated the Zhou rulers as the ones now responsible for that task.
D
Early farmers of which region grew rye, barley, and wheat as their main crops? The Americas The Andes Australia West Asia or the Fertile Crescent
D
Evidence suggesting that Erlitou, a Xia Dynasty capital, was something more substantial than the center of a chiefdom, include all but which one of the following? Incorrect Response Foundations for a walled palace complex. Workshops for the production of bronze and pottery. Elite burials containing substantial artifacts. Correct Answer Bronzes inscribed with the earliest form of Chinese characters.
D
Evidence that Confucianism penetrated society during the Han Dynasty includes all but which one of the following? Models of filial piety-people who demonstrated reverence for parents-were depicted in art and texts. The authority of the family patriarch (the male family head) was supported by the law. Knowledge of classical texts and recommendations based on learnedness and virtuous conduct became important to political advancement. Establishment of a network of Confucian temples and monasteries with their own priesthoods.
D
Factors that help us to understand why Buddhism become a major religious tradition in China include ALL BUT WHICH of the following? Incorrect Response In a time of widespread turmoil, Buddhism offered an explanation for the meaning of suffering while also providing a path to salvation and enlightenment. Buddhism had widespread appeal as a devotional religion because Buddhas and Bodhisattvas could respond to the prayers of ordinary people and assist them with their good karma. For the educated, similarities to Daoist philosophy paved the way for the reception of Buddhist ideas; the Dao, for instance, seemed similar to Nirvana. Correct Answer The Chinese imperial monarchy, seeing that Buddhism fostered peace among the population, offered tax relief for those who converted.
D
For the period of time under study, which of the following was not an important component of Hinduism? Going to a temple to view a representation of a deity and to pray and offer fruits and flowers. Incorrect Response Use of sacrificial altars to approach the gods. Organizing individual life according to rules and roles prescribed by a social class. Correct Answer Foregoing final enlightenment for the purpose of working for the deliverance of others.
D
Hellenistic scientists and thinkers shared a fascination with Research into military technology and making the art of war into a science Studying the gods Incorrect Response Finding the key to human happiness Correct Answer Studying the order of the universe, and how it worked
D
How and why was Thebes able to take over the Greek world for a little over a decade in the early fourth century BCE? The Peloponnesian War had weakened both Athens and Sparta, creating a power vacuum Thebes introduced some improvements to the traditional hoplite phalanx The Sacred Band All of the above
D
How did warfare change over the course of the Eastern Zhou and during the Warring States Period in China's history? Over time, chariots became more important because large campaigns were conducted on plains. As the scale of warfare grew, rulers increasingly relied on kinsmen to conduct their campaigns. To maintain the honor of ancestors, codes of chivalry were introduced. Rulers increasingly fielded large armies composed of cavalry and mass infantry.
D
How did warfare change over the course of the Eastern Zhou and during the Warring States Period in China's history? To maintain the honor of ancestors, codes of chivalry were introduced. As the scale of warfare grew, rulers increasingly relied on kinsmen to conduct their campaigns. Over time, chariots became more important because large campaigns were conducted on plains. Rulers increasingly fielded large armies composed of cavalry and mass infantry.
D
How were archons appointed in Athens, and what was the length of their term of service? Elected from the aristocracy, served one year Appointed by lot from all eligible citizens, served two years Appointed by lot from the aristocracy, served one year Appointed by lot from all eligible citizens, served one year
D
Important features of and developments during the Three Kingdoms and Northern and Southern Dynasties periods in China's history include all but which one of the following? Endemic warfare between rival warlords/military dynasts. Incorrect Response Dissemination of Buddhism into China, where it becomes institutionalized as a religion. Non-Chinese nomads were settled into northern China, introducing an element of instability. Correct Answer From their capital in Beijing, the emperors of the Northern Dynasty briefly unified China.
D
Important features of and developments during the Three Kingdoms and Northern and Southern Dynasties periods in China's history include all but which one of the following? Incorrect Response Endemic warfare between rival warlords/military dynasts. Dissemination of Buddhism into China, where it becomes institutionalized as a religion. Non-Chinese nomads were settled into northern China, introducing an element of instability. Correct Answer From their capital in Beijing, the emperors of the Northern Dynasty briefly unified China.
D
In China, the millennium during which walled towns began to appear as the center of numerous competing chiefdoms was the______________________? First millennium BCE Incorrect Response Second millennium BCE Fifth millennium BCE Correct Answer Third millennium BCE
D
In general, people belonged to the untouchable caste primarily because ______________________ Their ancestors had lived outside urbanized areas as primitive hunter-gatherers. Their ancestors had committed serious crimes. They worshipped Hindu deities residing in the netherworld. Their occupation was considered highly impure and others saw them as polluting.
D
In terms of chronology, which one of the following sets has the dynasties in the correct order from the earliest to the latest (even if they don't follow in succession)? Tang Dynasty, Qin Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty Zhou Dynasty, Song Dynasty, Tang Dynasty Xia Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Han Dynasty Shang Dynasty, Qin Dynasty, Yuan Dynasty
D
Probably best remembered for defeating Goliath, this king of a unified Israel was a "warrior king," who contributed to the Book of Psalms and began to build Jerusalem into the capital city of the Israelites. King Josiah King Solomon King Saul King David
D
Regarding the Indus Valley/Harappan Civilization's political system, __________________ Experts have clearly established that it was governed by local assemblies of wealthy merchants and landowners. Public structures excavated in the large cities clearly point to a centralized monarchy. Sculptural evidence has provided definitive evidence for governing by priest-kings. Although the archaeological record evidences coordinated planning across the region, experts are unable to determine precisely how the civilization was governed.
D
Regarding the Indus Valley/Harappan Civilization's political system, __________________ Sculptural evidence has provided definitive evidence for governing by priest-kings. Experts have clearly established that it was governed by local assemblies of wealthy merchants and landowners. Public structures excavated in the large cities clearly point to a centralized monarchy. Although the archaeological record evidences coordinated planning across the region, experts are unable to determine precisely how the civilization was governed.
D
Regarding the impact of the Mongol Yuan Dynasty on China, ________________________. While earlier studies of this topic have generally highlighted the positive impact, more recent work has clearly demonstrated that Mongol conquest and exploitation had a devastating impact. Historians have concluded that it was entirely negative. Historians have concluded that it was almost wholly positive. While earlier studies of this topic have generally highlighted the destructive impact of the conquests, more recent work has demonstrated that in fact the dynasty also made positive
D
The Homeric epics reflect the historical values of which period of Greek history? The Archaic Age The Dark Age The Bronze Age All of the above
D
The Septuagint was A collection of Hellenistic religious texts The title of one of the works of Aristotle A collection of Hellenistic philosophical texts Translation of the Old Testament from Hebrew into Greek
D
The archaeological site at Mehgarh is most useful for studying _________________? The origins of the Vedic Age The urbanization of the Indo-Gangetic Plains The writing system used by the peoples of the Harappan Civilization. India's early Neolithic.
D
The kings of the Chola Dynasty enhanced their power by _______________________ Bringing their entire territory under the direct control of a centralized bureaucracy. Sending Buddhist missionaries on trade missions to Southeast Asia. Ruling their domain with the assistance of Persian scholars. Building temple complexes devoted to the revered Hindu deity Shiva.
D
The most dominant state in East Asia during the seventh century was _______________. The Korean Silla Dynasty Japan Manchuria China's Tang Dynasty
D
The principal force driving change in the organization of states during the Warring States period was ________________. The impact of Confucian political thought on the governing class. Economic competition between states. Repeated invasions by non-Chinese nomadic pastoralists. Warfare and the desire of each ruler to unite the realm under his control.
D
The three stages into which historians divide the Peloponnesian War are Stage Alpha, Stage Beta, and Stage Gamma Archidamian War, Age of the Plague, Siege and Blocade Stage Stage One, Stage Two, and Stage Three Archidamian War, Peace of Nicias, Decelean War
D
The worldview of the scholar-official class that dominated China from the Song Dynasty until the twentieth century was __________________. Daoism Shintoism Buddhism Confucianism
D
Throughout the ancient and medieval periods in India's history, the region of the world most important for developments in the subcontinent was________________________ East Asia Mainland Southeast Asia (today's Myanmar, Thailand, etc.) Europe Central Asia
D
What did the two short-lived oligarchic regimes in Athens during and immediately after the Peloponnesian War reveal about the nature of the Athenian democracy? The fragility of democracy in wartime The dedication of the Athenians to their democracy, as demonstrated by its quick restoration both times The presence of a notable and powerful anti-democratic minority even in a democratic city, like Athens All of the above
D
What does the Chigi Vase portray? Homeric warriors going to battle Alexander the Great and his army Historians are not sure The hoplite phalanx in battle
D
What is the correct order of the periods into which historians commonly divide Greek history? The Dark Ages, Archaic Period, Age of Enlightenment, Classical Period The Dark Ages, the Bronze Age, Classical Period, Hellenistic Period The Bronze Age, Mycenaean Age, Classical Period, Hellenistic Period The Bronze Age, the Dark Ages, Archaic Period, Classical Period, Hellenistic Period
D
What is the historical significance of the Cup of Nestor? The inscription on it contains the earliest known reference to the Homeric epics. Incorrect Response It is one of the earliest examples of writing in the Greek alphabet. It exemplifies the impressive mobility of the ancient Greeks Correct Answer All of the above
D
What was "Linear B"? The first Greek alphabet, initially adapted from the Phoenician alphabet A syllabic script that the Minoan civilization used to keep palace records The first Greek alphabet, modified from the Egyptians hieroglyphic writing system A syllabic script that the Mycenaean civilization used to keep palace records
D
What was the main subject of Athenian tragedies and comedies that were performed in the era of the Peloponnesian War? Absolutely any topic, except for war. Since that seemed too close to home during the war, Athenians war-era playwrights avoided it. Glorification of war and the sacrifices of civilians for achieving a victory Glorification of the common soldiers who fought for the democracy The horrors of war, and the successful resistance to war by enterprising civilians
D
What were the consequences of the Battle of Sphacteria? Incorrect Response Spartans surrendered to the Athenians for the first time ever It was a factor in bringing about the Peace of Nicias a few years later It ended the Peloponnesian War Correct Answer Both A and B
D
Which dynasty in China most fully implemented a meritocratic examination system for the purpose of finding candidates for appointment to office? The Zhou Dynasty The Han Dynasty Incorrect Response The Tang Dynasty Correct Answer The Song Dynasty
D
Which event do historians consider to be the moment of transformation of the Delian League into the Athenian Empire? The beginning of the Peloponnesian War The end of the Persian Wars The revolt of Naxos The moving of the league treasury from Delos to Athens
D
Which of the following is a common value that the Greek poleis expected of their citizens? Each citizen should protect himself, first and foremost, in time of crisis, because each citizen is valuable Each citizen should protect his own household, first and foremost, in order to ensure the survival of his family line Each citizen should help his neighbors in time of crisis Each citizen should place his city's interests above his own, in order to ensure his city's survival
D
Which of the following is not a central feature of the early medieval age in India's history? Some rulers enhance their power by presenting themselves as devotees of Hindu deities and enforcers of dharma. Muslim Arab and Turkic rulers begin to make incursions into the subcontinent and establish Islamic states. Kingdoms often governed their territory according to a political pattern that has been labeled Indian feudalism. Mahayana Buddhism develops into a political ideology that medieval kings use to justify their rule.
D
Which of the following is not true of Daoism? It inspired the formation of militarized religious societies with political goals. It provided means that an individual might utilize to prolong life. Incorrect Response It became institutionalized, with a priesthood, temples, and monasteries. Correct Answer It emphasized the importance of etiquette and ceremony for achieving harmony in life.
D
Which of the following is not true of Daoism? Incorrect Response It inspired the formation of militarized religious societies with political goals. It provided means that an individual might utilize to prolong life. It became institutionalized, with a priesthood, temples, and monasteries. Correct Answer It emphasized the importance of etiquette and ceremony for achieving harmony in life.
D
Which of the following is the oldest archaeological site or place in South Asia (in this group)? Pataliputra Delhi Rajagriha Mohenjo-Daro
D
Which of the following was NOT a consequence of Alexander's campaigns and rule? The rise of the Mauryan Empire in India Establishment of a stronger Greek presence in Egypt, especially the city of Alexandria Spreading of Greek culture farther than ever before Establishment of a strong, unified Greek empire, which lasted long after Alexander's death
D
Which one of the following countries would not be considered part of East Asia? China Japan Korea India
D
Which one of the following countries would not be considered part of East Asia? Korea China Japan India
D
Which one of the following does not evidence why the Song Dynasty China was one of the most developed countries in the world in its time? The level of urbanization. Incorrect Response The extent to which the economy was commercialized. The size of the population. Correct Answer Successful military subjugation of steppe tribes located to the north of China.
D
Which one of the following is NOT HOW Mahmud of Ghazna has been portrayed in historical writing? As a brutal plunderer who repeatedly descended on northern India, destroyed cities and temples, and returned home with their wealth. As a ruler who, as was common to medieval kings in that time, waged war for revenue and because that was the norm for rulers. As a ruler who sought to prove himself as a warrior and to secure his legacy by using Indian wealth to build palaces and mosque at his capital. As a ruler who, out of fanatical devotion to his faith, sought to forcibly convert the Hindu population living in cities located along the upper reaches of the Indus and Ganges Rivers.
D
Which one of the following is correctly chronologically ordered? Siddartha Gautama, Rajaraja I, Kushan Kingdom. Chola Kingdom, Gupta Empire, Mauryan Empire. Samudragupta, King Ashoka, Chola Kingdom. Chandragupta Maurya, King Kanishka, Delhi Sultanate.
D
Which one of the following is not a characteristic of varnas system? It was hereditary. It defined a social hierarchy. It was largely defined by occupational category. It gave the most honor to the vaishya farmers.
D
Which one of the following is not something that King Ashoka proclaimed to his subjects? Everyone should learn such values as forbearance, respect, and courtesy. In observance of the principle of non-injury, certain animals must not be cooked in the royal kitchen. He was going to stop hunting and rather go on tours where he would visit his subjects. In preparation for possible invasions from the northwest, young men should train in mounted warfare.
D
Which one of the following is not true of Mohenjo-Daro? Structures were principally composed of mudbricks and bricks baked in kilns. It had residential and commercial sectors laid out on a grid resembling city blocks. It was located along the lower reaches of the Indus River. It lacked structures for moving sewage out of the city.
D
Who defeated whom at the Battle of Leuctra? Thebans defeated the Athenians Spartans defeated the Thebans Athenians defeated the Thebans Thebans defeated the Spartans
D
Who were the members of the Athenian ekklesia? The aristocracy only All citizens, male and female All residents of the city of Athens, regardless of citizenship status All citizen males
D
Yangshao Culture and Longshan Culture are two of China's Neolithic cultures. Which one of the following is true regarding what is different about them? Longshan Culture preceded Yangshao Culture. Whereas Yangshao villagers primarily grew wheat and millet, Longshan villagers primarily cultivated rice. Incorrect Response Whereas Yangshao Culture was located along the Yellow River, Longshan Culture was centered on the middle reaches of the Yangzi River. Correct Answer Based on the archaeological evidence, which shows the foundations of walled towns, it appears that Longshan Culture was more complex.
D
The earliest hominids to use stone tools were the Homo sapiens Homo erectus Homo neandarthalensis Homo habilis
Homo habilis
Which species was the first to supplement foraging for food with fishing, thus switching from a mostly plant diet to something more sophisticated? Homo astrolopithecus Homo habilis Homo erectus Homo sapiens
Homo sapiens
Which of the following is NOT an accurate description of life in Çatalhüyük? No concern with improving weapons, technology, or the arts The dead were buried, rather than cremated Very varied diet Population reached several thousands
No concern with improving weapons, technology, or the arts
How did the earliest people get to Australia and New Zealand? Archaeological evidence is not clear on this point Thankfully, there was still a dry crossing available, so they crossed on land There was no dry crossing available, so they were the first sea-faring colonizers Australia and New Zealand were colonized so late that sea-faring was prevalent, and they were able to easily make the journey
There was no dry crossing available, so they were the first sea-faring colonizers
What is the correct order of events? Mammoth hunting supported larger homo habilis populations in Asia and the Americas, Homo neanderthalensis disappeared, Homo sapiens moved out of Africa Various species of hominids began to walk upright, Homo habilis began to make stone tools, Homo sapiens moved out of Africa Homo sapiens moved out of Africa, Homo sapiens inhabited almost every environment on earth, various species of hominids first began to walk upright. Homo sapiens had a presence in every continent except Antartica, Homo habilis were the first hominids to make stone tools, Homo neanderthalensis disappeared
Various species of hominids began to walk upright, Homo habilis began to make stone tools, Homo sapiens moved out of Africa
The earliest Arctic colonists hunted which animals? Polar bears and tigers Polar bears and walrus Walrus and seal Salmon and other cold-water fish
Walrus and seal
