world history: Napoleon notes

when and where was Napoleon Bonaparte born

Was born in 1769 on the French controlled island of Corsica.

How did he become famous

his skills on the battlefield and history remembers him as one of the greatest generals that ever lived. he knew how to effectively use large armies

Which reform of Napoleon was seen as the most important?

Napoleonic Code of Law

What happened in the Revolt in Spain?

*Joseph is a terrible king* He tries to take power from the Catholic Church and the Spanish protest. The French respond by brutally crushing their protest. Their then is a wave of Nationalism, resulting in Gorilla Warfare. Spain becomes a place where Napoleon continues to send in resources and resources but it fails, loosing the revolt.

When did Napoleon rule over the French Empire

1804-1814

When was the French empire at its largest?

1810

St. Helena

3,000 miles from the coast of Africa and in the South Atlantic. It is the place where Napoleon was exiled. This is where he died.

Napoleonic Code of Law

A new set of laws that embodied enlightenment principles All men are equal before the law Religious freedom It valued individual rights (does not apply to women)

Reform of Napoleon: Education

A new system of schools regulated by the government

Continental System

All of Europe's ports are close to British ships. Napoleon cuts off Europe from British trade. Great Britain responds with a Blockade.

Scorched Earth Policy

Burning own resources so the French can not use it.

Gorilla Warfare

Capture some supplies and then destroy the rest, durn down things, snipe at soldiers, and cause chaos.

How does Napoleon control so much of Europe?

Conquers land, annexes land, or controls countries though forceful alliances.

Reform of Napoleon: Economy

Controlled the prices of products Encouraged new industry Built roads and canals

Reform of Napoleon: Social

Encourages émigrés to return if they swear a loyalty oath to him Promote you based on how good you are, not who your family is

nationalism

Extreme pride in one's nation. Normally used as "no one else is as good as us" (so, this is bad)

What happens at the victory over the Austrians?

Forces the Austrians out of Northern Italy, which was the place that was being fought over at the time.

What is the only strong threat to Napoleon's power?

Great Britain. He wanted to invade and take power there, but the British Navy is too powerful

What does Napoleon do as his empire grows larger and his reforms are spread across Europe?

He abolishes old titles of nobility, ends Church privileges, frees the serfs, and brings legal code into the land he conquers.

Spain

He conquered it and out his brother Joseph on the thrown.

Napoleon's return and the Battle of Waterloo.

He escapes his exile of Elba and lands in France and makes his way to Paris. Michelle Ney is sent to meet Napoleon by King Louis XVIII. Napoleon walks to Ney and says "your emperor has returns" and then Ney supports Napoleon and Napoleon stills has an army. The 100 days is when Napoleon rules France for the second time. He does not have the right force to keep France and then it went to the Battle of Waterloo. The French fought against the British and the Austrians. It was fought in Belgium. Napoleon is exiled again to the island of St. Helena. Waterloo was the last battle that Napoleon was on.

Bad things Napoleon has done:

He had too much power (more than the King did before the Revolution), never knew when to stop fighting wars, and ultimately his wars killed more people than the French Revolution did.

How old is Napoleon when the French Revolution begins? What position was he in the army for the revolution.

He is 20 years old. He is a lieutenant.

What does Napoleon do during the retreat back?

He leaves someone else in charge, and goes back to France ahead of everyone else.

Reform of Napoleon: Religious

He made peace between France and the Catholic Church Allows religious tolerations

Where does Napoleon make a name for himself?

He makes a name for himself when he fights in the wars at Prussia, Austria and Great Britain when the Jacobins declared war on these countries after they took control of France

As a result of the disaster in Russia, Napoleon is forced to Abdicate, which means..

He steps down from power

What does Napoleon use to hurt England's economy since he can not beat their navy?

He uses a thing called Continental System

What was the Consulate and how did Napoleon become Emperor?

In 1799 the Consulate replaced the Directory, which was a 3 person ruling counsel. Napoleon was declared the first consul. Just 2 years into the Consulate, Napoleon declares that he is "consulate for life." In1804, Napoleon declares himself emperor of the French.

What is the big mistake that Napoleon made for his empire?

Invading Russia in 1812 with 400,000 soldiers (grand army)

How does Nationalism help and hurt Napoleon?

It helps inspire his soldiers because they are proud to fight for France. It also inspires the people he rules over to revolt, they see him as a foreigner. They do not want to be ruled by someone who is not from the country he is ruling.

Holy Roman Empire

It is called Germany today! Napoleon conquered it, divided it into 38 sections called the Confederation of the Rhine that is completely under his control.

What happens at the victory over the British?

It was on December of 1793: Napoleon drove the British from Toulon in southern France, which is the port city.

Where is Napoleon sent to live and who beings to rule France?

Napoleon is exiled to the island of Elba, which is close to Corsica. He is allowed to rule over Elba. The brother of King Louis XVI is put on the thrown as King Louis XVIII.

What happened at the Campaign in Egypt?

Napoleon was fighting against the allies (the British). The campaign did not go well, but Napoleon returns to France a hero. The most important thing that happened in the campaign was the discovery of the Rosetta stone. The stone allowed people to translate Egyptian hieroglyphics.

Does the Continental System work?

No, it only damages France's economy because Britain just trades with other countries. It makes life more difficult for people under Napoleon's rule.

War with Austria

The Austrians decide to rise up against Napoleon, but he defeats them each time the try.

Good things Napoleon has done:

The Napoleonic Legal Code, many more people were given the right to vote, much better education system in France, freed serfs in lands that he conquered.

What special guest was present at his coronation ceremony?

The Pope was the special guest. What was interesting was that the Pope did not crown the Emperor, Napoleon crowned himself.

What battle won was considered the greatest victory against the Austrians for Napoleon?

The battle of Austerlitz

Horatio Nelson

The commander of the British Navy. He was the best there was, and he died during the battle.

Napoleon claimed to be a product of the Revolution, but in reality, he had far more power than the king ever did. What is the big debate over his legacy?

The debate is that should he be remembered as a good or a bad leader.

Battle of Trafalgar

This was in 1805. It was a battle between the French and British Navies. It was a decisive victory for the British.

What happens in Russia?

When the French begin their advance (June) they see that the Russians are using a Scorched Earth Policy. A few battles take places by the French army makes it to Moscow, the capital, in September. They march into Moscow, but the place is abandoned. They wait two weeks and then begin to retreat the 1,000 miles back. While going back, Russians did not start battles, but they waited until a group of weaklings fell back, and shot them down. The people resorted to eating each other and livestock

How many French Soldiers survive?

around 10,000 people

When did Napoleon get sent to military training school?

when he was 9