World History: The Industrial Revolution

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socialism

collective or government ownership of production and distribution

Federal Trade Commision

controlled corporation practices

Whitney

cotton gin

Early factors influencing the Industrial Revolution included:

crusades, monasteries, capitalism of bankers

Name two sources of power available to industry by the early 1900s.

electrical, oil power

The Crusades decreased Europe's interest in travel and trade.

false

McCormick

reaping machine

Howe

sewing machine

Hargreaves

spinning jenny

Whitney

standardized parts

Watt

steam engine

People who individually bought ownership in a corporation were called:

stockholders

Taxes placed on imported goods to raise their prices are called _____.

tariffs

Bell

telephone

assembly line

the piece by piece assembling of a product

Field

transatlantic cable

Before the Industrial Revolution, craftsmen commonly worked at home.

true

Factories were first powered by water and later by steam.

true

Ford's assembly-line production greatly reduced cost per unit

true

Labor unions gave a voice against employer abuse to factory workers.

true

Major goals of corporations were to eliminate competition and to increase profits.

true

Many skilled workers and artisans left their trades and went to work in the factories.

true

Monasteries set an example for factories in strict discipline and precise work duties.

true

Steam locomotives provided a faster and safer means of transporting goods.

true

The Communist Manifesto is considered an important work on socialism.

true

The production of goods by trained workers was necessary for trade to increase.

true

The system of standardized parts made possible the replacing of broken or worn parts instead of replacing the whole product

true

Two raw materials needed by early industry were cotton and coal.

true

Social changes resulting from the Industrial Revolution included:

urbanization, growing socialism, poor working and living conditions

Early American industry was given a boost by:

war, transportation and communication improvements, new power sources, The embargo act, new production methods

Crusades

wars to capture the Holy Land

Factories were first powered by________then changed to______ power.

water, steam

The basic requirements needed by a nation for industrial growth are:

work force, natural resources, sufficient capital

What factors and attitudes made the United States ripe for industrial growth?

America's abundant working class, natural resources, willing investors, and its desire to be better than England

Fulton

Clermont

The United States' first national road was called the _____ Road.

Cumberland

The world-wide change from manual labor to machines was called the (, , , ) Revolution.

Industrial Revolution

Stephenson

Rocket

Measures controlling the practices of corporations included:

The Federal Trade Commission, the antitrust laws, Clayton antitrust act, labor laws

What were the factors that gave rise to Communism?

The many injustices and abuses of the working class by wealthy industrialists

Cooper

Tom-Thumb

The following industrial advantages enabled England to lead the way in Europe's Industrial Revolution:

a sufficient work force, enough natural resources, enough willing investors to invest in the industry

Wright

airplane

Ford

assembly line production

The main investors in the early industry of the United States were New England

businessman

Industrial Revolution

change from hand to machine

Industrial Revolution

change from manual labor to machine

The disadvantages of factory life were endured largely by______.

children

Factory workers had their grievances heard through a process called:

collective bargaining

The merging of several businesses into one is called a(n)

consolidation

monopoly

exclusive control of a product

Industrialized methods and inventions were used first in England in the_______industry.

fabric

Communists agree with the free enterprise system.

false

Communists believe in the seizure of government by peaceful means.

false

Marx and Engels wrote of the deplorable factory conditions in England

false

Stockholders chose directors and enforced company policies.

false

The Crusades were led by Catholic Turks to free the Holy Land from Muslim control.

false

Kay

flying shuttle

free enterprise

freedom of private business to compete and to operate for a profit

McAdam

improved road construction

standardized parts

interchangeable parts

stockholders

investors in corporations who share in the profits

Edison

light bulb

consolidation

merger of several businesses into one

The exclusive control of a product by a business is called a(n)_______of that product.

monopoly

Drake

oil well

laisezz-fairre

opposed government intervention in private business

What advantages did the steam engine bring to industry?

Enabled factories to be built away from water sources, boosted distribution, and increased production

The European nation taking the lead in industry was:

England

Early European factors that led to the birth of industry were:

The crusades, monasteries, early capitalism

McAdam

improved road building

The early days of the Industrial Revolution:

improved the economy, stifled the common man

Changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution included:

increased production, cheaper goods, better products

At the time of the Civil War, the Northern economy was_______ , but the Southern economy was largely_______

industrial, agricultural

Factors improving the lives of factory workers included:

labor improvement laws, books by Dickens and Disraeli, and labor unions

The law of supply and demand is foundational to a _______economy.

laissez-faire

urbanization

mass movement to the city

Corporations found success in using:

modern machinery, superior production methods, disciplined organization and management

collective bargaining

negotiations between labor and management

Gutenberg

printing press

capitalism

private ownership and distribution of goods competitively in a free market


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