Writing Intensive Study Guide

(Trimble) What is General English?

1. A happy compromise between both formal and informal writing 2. It is authentic and graceful informality 3. Allows writer to find their own voice

(TS/IS) What are signal verbs?

1. They are verbs that happen right before the idea 2. they introduce the attitude towards the source EX: argues, warns, announces...

(Baxter) How does his list apply to writing about other kinds of texts (aside from the literary ones he describes)?

1. They are written with knowledge and passion 2. They state why the reader must read this text

(Harris) What is the "moreover" approach?

1. To approach a source with an active mix of generosity and skepticism

(TS/IS) What are some good questions to ask when you read?

1. What other argument(s) is the writer responding to? 2. Is the writer agreeing or disagreeing with something, and if so what? 3. What is motivating the writer's argument? 4. Are there other ideas that you have encountered in this class or somewhere else that might be pertinent?

(Library) When would you want to search using the Databases by Subject?

1. When you are only looking for specific subjects to help make your case 2. You would not look at science to help you write about Shakespeare

(TS/IS) What are the reasons for why you might disagree?

1. Adds length to your paper 2. Another's argument fails to take relevant factors into account 3. Another's argument is based on faulty/incomplete evidence 4. Another's argument uses flawed logic and/or overlooks what you believe is the real issue 5. To move the conversation forward

(TS/IS) What are the three ways you can respond to sources?

1. Agree but add to the conversation 2. Disagree but explain why 3. Agree and disagree simultaneously but be clear on your stance

(Harris) What are the three things you look for when you're trying to define an author's project?

1. Aim: What is the author trying to accomplish? 2. Methods: How are they using their materials to accomplish their aim? 3. Materials: What are they using to accomplish their aim?

(Stedman) What are his specific examples (i.e. what are the six categories he has clever names for)?

1. Armadillo Roadkill: dropping in a quotation without introducing it first 2. Dating Spider-Man: starting or ending a paragraph with a quotation 3. Uncle Barry and His Encyclopedia of Useless Information: using too many quotations in a row 4. Am I in the Right Movie: failing to integrate a quotation into the grammar of the preceding sentence 5. I Can't Find the Stupid Link: no connection between the first letter of a parenthetical citation and the first letter of works cited entry 6. I Swear I Did Some Research: dropping in a citation without making it clear what information came from what source

(Syllabus, Handouts, etc.) How are Assignment 1 and Assignment 3 different from each other?

1. Assignment One: taking a specific pop culture text and making it something bigger 2. Assignment Three: taking a specific lens/theory and applying it to a specific pop culture text

(RLW) What are some questions you should ask before you start reading?

1. Authors Purpose: do you know the author's purpose for this piece of writing? 2. Intended Audience: do you know who the intended audience is for this piece of writing? 3. Genre: what genre is this written in? 4. Published: is this a published or a student-produced piece of writing? 5. Assignment: is this the kind of writing I will be assigned to write myself?

(Zinsser) Why does he think writing is work?

1. Because very few sentences come out right the first or third time 2. You must rewrite each sentence over and over again 2. Each time you edit a sentence you have to make it stronger and more precise by eliminating every element that is not being useful

(Zinsser) Why do you need to write for your audience?

1. Because you are writing for an audience member of one, yourself

(Syllabus, Handouts, etc.) What are our course's learning outcomes?

1. Become critical readers 2. Become academic writers 3. Become critical thinkers

(Harris) What are the five ways to quote?

1. Block quotes: often indented from the main text and set in a different font and spacing without quotation mark; make the work of others highly visible in your writing 2. In-text quotes: incorporating another writer's words into your own text 3. Scare quotes: textual form of sarcasm, indicates a word/phrase you wouldn't use yourself 4. Epigraphs: quotes placed at the beginning of a paper/chapter/section 5. Allusions: indirect, not cited, unquoted references to something widely known or recognizable to the intended audience

(Harris) What is the difference between borrowing and extending?

1. Borrowing: taking the argument and cross-applying it to fit your project, like copy-pasting 2. Extending: taking an argument and adding to it, so changing from the original argument

(Stedman) What is the main point of "Annoying Ways People Use Sources"?

1. By avoiding the six annoying ways people use sources, you will become a better intentional academic writer

(Zinsser) How can you cut out clutter and still sound like yourself?

1. By being relaxed 2. By being confident 3. Writing in first person (or in a similar style if the text does not allow 1st) 4. Believe your own opinions 5. By doing this, you sound most natural (ex: first 3 paragraphs are bad bc you are tense and scared, but the 4th is amazing bc you are now the opposite)

(Zinsser) How can you write for yourself and for your audience simultaneously?

1. By being yourself 2. Knowing the basic mechanics of writing 3. Being confident and relaxed

(Syllabus, Handouts, etc.) What is the attendance policy?

1. Cannot have more than 3 unexcused absences or you may fail 2. Excused absences include: major religion holidays, medical/mental health events, approved ASAC related absences, approved varsity athletic team events

(Library) What are some ways to use Primo/Searchbox to help you refine your research topic?

1. Click on Full Text Online 2. Click on Available in Library 3. Click on Author/Creator 4. Click on Subject/Topic 5. Click on Resource Type

(Zinsser) What is clutter?

1. Clutter is the laborious phrase that has pushed out the short word that means the same thing (numerous vs many) 2. Clutter is every work that is not providing a purpose

(Syllabus, Handouts, etc.) What do you need to do to earn an A in participation?

1. Come to every class having prepared the text with notes and questions for the discussion 2. Add to the conversation during class discussions and brings out quality discussion from classmates 3. Diligently works to help classmates improve in and outside of class meetings 4. Makes a semester-long effort to improve writing, reading, and critical thinking skills 5. Rat each other out in a god way

(MLA and Lunsford) How should you approach an assignment? What does Lunsford want you to consider before you start?

1. Comprehend the assignment: understand what your instructor expects 2. Pick a topic that you will enjoy writing about 3. Think about the audience 4. Consider what stance and tone you want to take

(Murray) What are the four issues you consider during the internal revision process?

1. Content: gathering new information and drawing on it, using words to symbolize and connect that information 2. Form and Structure: form is meaning, or a kind of meaning (beginning middle end) 3. Language: this leads the writer to meaning 4. Voice: writers hear what they have to say, hear their point of view towards the subject, their authority, their distance from the subject

(Harris) What does it mean to "come to terms" with a source?

1. Define the project 2. Note key words & passages 3. Assess uses & limits (quotations)

(Zinsser) Why is it important to write for yourself?

1. Each audience member is different, so it is impossible to cater to all of them 2. Writing is about pleasing yourself

(Tannen) What are some strategies (or metaphors) for avoiding agonism?

1. Engage the class in a discussion rather than a debate (students will gain a deeper, more accurate, understanding of the material) 2. Use a Colloquia: where students are trading ideas and learning things from each other and the grade is based off of participation 3. Incorporating the "Doubting Game" and the "Believing Game": sniffing out our faults as well as sniffing out our strengths

(Zinsser) What are some strategies for preparing or creating a good ending?

1. Have a very strong concluding sentence 2. Knowing when to end 3. Usually only need a couple of sentences 4. Finish in an unexpected way

(Zinsser) What are some strategies for preparing or creating a good lead?

1. Having a really good topic sentence 2. Use a question, a surprise, a paradox, an interesting fact, or humor 3. Make sure your lead has freshness of perception or detail 4. Tell a story

(MLA and Lunsford) What are good guidelines for evaluating the usefulness and credibility of potential sources?

1. How relevant is this material to your research question? 2. What claim(s) does the source make and how is each supported? 3. Does the source include counterarguments that you should address? 4. How credible and persuasive is the evidence? 5. Will you need to change your thesis to account for this information? 6. What quotations or paraphrases from this source might you want to use?

(Trimble) Why is it important to anticipate your reader's response?

1. If you can anticipate it, then you will know how to keep your reader engaged in your work rather than doing a different task

(Harris) What are the four ways to forward?

1. Illustrating: when you look at other texts for examples of a point you want to make 2. Authorizing: when you invoke the expertise or status of another writer to support your thinking 3. Borrowing: when you draw on terms/ideas from other writers to use in thinking through your subject 4. Extending: when you put your own spin on the terms/concepts that you take from others

(TS/IS) Why is it important to plant naysayers?

1. Improves credibility 2. Shows confidence 3. Allows the reader to not feel gullible 4. Anticipates Objections

(Syllabus, Handouts, etc.) What are the Writing Studies Learning Outcomes?

1. Information Has a Life Cycle and Value 2. Writing and Research Are Meta-Cognitive Processes 3. Structure, Style, and Mechanics Are Rhetorical 4. Writing Requires Entering an Ongoing Conversation

(TS/IS) What are some different ways to introduce naysayers?

1. Introduce them as nameless and faceless 2. Introduce them as an identified and labeled group for precision and impact 3. Introduce naysayers by framing their objection as a question

(TS/IS) What are the reasons for why you might want to introduce source material?

1. Introduce what "they say" (neutral) 2. introduce an ongoing debate (neutral/ongoing) 3. introduce "standard views" (challenge) 4. make what "they say" what "you say" (agree) introduce something that is implied or assumed (look more closely)

(MLA and Lunsford) What are some tips for checking facts?

1. Is the author credible? 2. Is the information credible and current? 3. Is the sponsor credible? 4. Are the sources cited by the author of the article?

(Harris) Why does Harris use the metaphor of "forwarding" to talk about using sources?

1. It is an email metaphor 2. When "forwarding" an email, you are sending it for the public to look at; you are not directly responding to the person who sent the email to you 3. When "replying" to an email, you are replying only to one person

(Tannen) What is agonism?

1. It refers to "Ritualized Opposition", a debate in which both sides are assigned opposing views and one party wins 2. Also known as "ceremonial combat"

(RLW) What are some questions to ask as you are reading?

1. Language: how effective is the language the author uses? is it too formal? too informal? perfectly appropriate? 2. Subject Matter: what kind of evidence does the author use to support their claims? how effective or appropriate is this evidence? would a different type of evidence, or some combination of evidence, be more effective? 3. Genre: are there places in the writing that I find confusing? What about the writing in those places make it unclear or confusing? 4. Technique: how does the author move from one idea to another in the writing? are the transitions between the ideas effective?

(TS/IS) What are good ways to enter class discussions?

1. Link what you are about to say to something that has already been said 2. State the name of the person whose point you are summarizing 3. Only make one point and flesh it out with examples 4. When changing the subject, indicate that you are doing so

(MLA and Lunsford) How do you format titles of books, essays, databases, journal titles, webpages?

1. List the full title as it is written on the source 2. Capitalize all principal words (nouns, verbs, adjectives, etc.) 3. Separate a subtitle with a colon and a space 4. Italicize titles if the source is contained and independent 5. Place titles in quotation marks if the source is mark of a larger work

(TS/IS) Why can it be good to agree and disagree simultaneously?

1. Makes your argument complicated but still a clear and reader-friendly framework 2. It allows you to subtly lean towards either side 3. If you do not know where you stand, it can be helpful. Shows that you are not taking "one-dimensional positions"

(IW/RW) What is the main point of "The Inspired Writer vs. the Real Writer"?

1. No one is born to be a good writer, it takes a lot of blood, sweat, and tears 2. That even the greatest writers in the world still have struggled when writing 3. Strategies you should take to help you improve as a writer

(MLA and Lunsford) How do you format the first page of an essay in MLA?

1. No title page 2. Your Name 3. Instructor's Name 4. Course Name and Number 5. Date 6. Title is centered 7. EVERYTHING is double spaced

(Savini) What are the four steps of Savini's looking for trouble in?

1. Notice 2. Articulate a problem and its details 3. Pose fruitful questions 4. Identify what is at stake

(Trimble) What's the difference between a novice and veteran writer?

1. Novice: primarily writes for himself, neglects to proofread his final work, "unconscious writing", 2. Veteran: knows that all writing is communicating, "conscious writing", serves the reader and their needs, other-oriented

(Wikipedia) What are the reasons for why most instructors don't want you to use Wikipedia?

1. Open Participation: anyone can edit/write Wikipedia articles despite their background, qualifications, or expertise 2. Changeability: Wikipedia articles do not remain the same over time

(Harris) Why does Harris want you to think about an author's project, rather than thesis?

1. Project is more than a single sentence or idea, and often isn't explicitly stated in one clear place 2. A thesis is

(Reading Games) What should you consider in terms of audience?

1. Publication Venue: where it is published will help you understand the intended audience 2. Prior Knowledge: authors will assume you have prior knowledge 3. Not Appealing To You: authors are not trying to appeal to you

(Library) What are the differences between scholarly, popular, and trade/professional sources?

1. Scholarly: written by and for experts in a particular field and are often grounded in research 2. Professional/Trade: written by and for professionals or practitioners in a particular field but are not strictly research related 3. Popular: written by and for the general public and usually do not need to know a lot of information in order to understand

(TS/IS) What are some tips for how to introduce source material well?

1. Signal verbs 2. Introduce author 3. Blend it into your own words 4. Don't be too listy 5. Don't unfairly distort 6. Don't be too hasty 7. summarize satirically

(TS/IS) What are the two major questions most papers should answer by the end of an essay?

1. So What? 2. Who Cares?

(MLA and Lunsford) What are different ways to paraphrase unacceptably?

1. Straying from the author's ideas 2. Using the author's words 3. Using the author's sentence structures

(Savini) What is the main point of Savini's "Looking for Trouble"?

1. Teaching you how to look for trouble in pieces of work by using her four steps

(IW/RW) What are some strategies Allen offers to help you get past the myth of the Inspired Writer?

1. Tell the inspired writer to shut-up 2. Find a writer you like and borrow their tactics 3. Don't go to your friend or your mom to review your essay, go to a classmate 4. Talk about your frustrations

(Baxter) What are the "do's" and "don'ts" of writing good reviews?

1. The Do's: have a basic idea of how novels are constructed, have the technical knowledge that allows you to stand back from the book and state how it was put together, states why this book fits into our culture lives, how its content is located in its form, doesn't resort to hype 2. The Don'ts: don't review if the jury has a verdict, don't say that something is "boring" because that is not trustworthy information, don't summarize the plot

(Reading Games) What are the five parts of an article you should read before you actually read the article?

1. The Title: can convey a lot of information that can help you figure out how the rest of the article will go 2. The Abstract: like an executive summary, encapsulates the main points of the article 3. The Introduction: similar to the abstract but will summarize the whole piece, present the main idea, tell us why we should care, and provide a roadmap 4. Section Headings: gives us a sense of the trajectory of the text before delving into the content of each section 5. The Conclusion: helps you understand the introduction, includes the limitations, the unanswered questions, and the "what's next?"

(Trimble) What is formalism?

1. The method teachers use to teach students how to write 2. It creates precision and conciseness 3. Lacks in ease and freshness 4. Inhibits variety of diction, simplicity, and anything off beat

(MLA and Lunsford) What are the basic components of a thesis, according to Lunsford? What makes a good thesis?

1. The thesis is potentially INTERESTING to the intended audience 2. The thesis is as SPECIFIC as possible 3. The thesis limits the topic enough to make it MANAGEABLE 4. A good thesis has a topic (which indicates the subject matter) and a comment (which makes an important point about the topic

(Library) What are the Subject Guides?

1. These can allow searches to only pertain to the specific subjects you clicked on 2. Helps narrow down subject search

(Wikipedia) What are some ways that you can use Wikipedia to help you with your research and writing?

1. To help you get an overall view of the topic 2. To find more sources 3. Search different terms relating to your topic 4. Provides multiple lenses

(Reading Games) What is the main point of "Reading Games"?

1. To help you learn how to read smarter not harder when trying to pick out sources for your assignment

(Harris) What are some reasons for using a quotation? Or, how do quotes often work in your text or in someone else's?

1. To make your perspective visible 2. "To illustrate your view of a text to single out terms or passages that strike you in some way as interesting, troubling, ambiguous, or suggestive"

(TS/IS) What are some different ways to respond to naysayers?

1. To not refute it completely but rather agree and disagree with parts of it 2. Answer it by redefining your own argument/position 3. Represent their objection fairly 4. Treat them as seriously as possible 5. Do not dismiss them immediately 6. Use sentences/paragraphs to respond back

(Harris) What does it mean to note "keywords and passages?"

1. To note what aspects of a text stand out for you as a reader 2. What they mean in your perspective

(TS/IS) What are the three ways you can agree with a difference?

1. To point out some unnoticed evidence/line of reasoning that supports X's claim that X did not mention 2. To cite some corroborating personal experience/situation not mentioned by X that can help the reader understand 3. To explain something that needs to be better understood

(Googlepedia) What is the main point of "Googlepedia?"

1. To suggest a blended research process that begins with using Google and Wikipedia and ending with using the university library 2. To show you why the resources provided by your school library are more effective for conducting research rather than Google and Wikipedia

(TS/IS) What does it mean to "entertain" an objection?

1. To treat them as seriously as possible 2. Not dismissing their ideas immediately 3. Represent their objection fairly 4. Giving them the proper amount of space so the reader can understand their idea

(RLW) What is the main point of "How to Read Like a Writer"?

1. To understand how the piece of writing was put together by the author 2. What you can learn about writing by reading a particular text 3. To decide whether or not (after figuring the author's techniques) you would want to incorporate them into your own

(Harris) What does it mean to assess the uses and limitations?

1. Understand both how the text can help you (forwarding extends the uses) 2. How it can't (countering acknowledges the limitations)

(Zinsser) What are some strategies for achieving unity?

1. Unity Definition: the anchor of good writing 2. Having unified pronouns 3. Keeping the same tense throughout 4. Having the same mood throughout

(Zinnser) What's the difference between jargon and usage?

1. Usage: has no fixed boundaries, each word's meanings and existence changes a lot, laws surrounding usage are relative, no "correct" usage 2. Jargon: used for frivolous matters, not needed and takes up space

(Googlepedia) What are some strategies you can use to improve your research process?

1. Use Wikipedia to get a sense of the topic and identify additional search terms 2. Use Google to get a broader sense of the topic as well as verify information and test out search terms you find in Wikipedia 3. Search Google again using quotation marks around your "search terms" to manage the number of results and identify more useful search terms 4. Search Google Scholar to apply the search terms in an environment of mostly academic and professional resources 5. Do a limited search of "recent results" or "since 2000" on Google Scholar to manage the number of results and identify the most current resources 6. Search your college's library research databases using your college library's web portal 7. Focus your search within at least one general academic database 8. Do a limited search by year and "full text" returns using the same general academic database(s_ that you used in step 7 to reduce the number of results and identify the most current resources

(TS/IS) What are some mistakes people make when integrating source material?

1. Use introductory phrases (Orwell states that...) (sounds redundant and misleading) 2. Not integrating quote/source smoothly

(TS/IS) What are the different ways to use "voice markers" to distinguish what you say from what they say?

1. Using "I/We" 2. Using the author's name 3. Embedding a reference to X's argument into your own sentence

(Zinsser) What are some strategies you can use to help you care about words?

1. Using a dictionary (learn new words, meanings, and root forms) 2. Use a Thesaurus (find synonyms and saves a lot of time when writing) 3. Understand how each sentence sounds by hearing the words through your inner ear

(Zinsser) What specific pieces of advice does he suggest in each section of ch. 10?

1. Verbs: use active verbs unless you have to use a passive verb, most important tool. 2. Adverbs: most are unnecessary, makes your writing weaker, only use if they do necessary work 3. Adjectives: most are unnecessary, don't describe the obvious, only use if needed 4. Little Qualifiers: not needed, dilutes style and persuasiveness (very, too, kind of) 5. The Period: make shorter sentences 6. The Exclamation Point: don't use unless you must achieve a certain effect/emphasis 7. The Semicolon: don't use a lot, brings the reader to a halt 8. The Dash: justifies 1st part of sentence, it is a thought within a sentence 9. The Colon: use sparingly, brings the reader to a halt 10.Mood Changers: Use but instead of however, use yet over nevertheless, make sure the readers are always on the same page as you 11. Contractions: use to make your writing warmer and truer to your personality, add where they fit comfortably, trust your instincts, don't create contractions like "could've" 12. That and Which: use "That" unless it makes your meaning ambiguous, use "Which" to narrowly describe a phrase that is preceded by a comma 13. Concept Nouns: used in bad sentences, reader cannot visualize what is happening 14. Creeping Nounism: use one verb instead of multiple nouns 15. Overstatement: don't overdo it 16. Credibility: make sure everything you write and/or say is credible 17. Diction: don't use diction, if you do then look over it 18. Writing Is Not A Contest: everyone starts at different points and has different speeds, go at your own pace 19. The Subconscious Mind: your mind is always working whether you know it or not 20. The Quickest Fix: delete the sentence/place you are struggling with 21. Paragraphs: keep them short as writing is about visuals, vary with small and medium length sizes 22. Sexism: it's everywhere, use general pronouns such as "you", "we", "our" 23. Rewriting: it is an essential task of writing, writing is not a process, it is always evolving 24. Writing On A Computer: just do it 25. Trust Your Material: people want to hear the raw truth 26. Go With Your Interests: will make writing more enjoyable and readers will tell that you actually care about it

(Trimble) What specific pieces of advice does he suggest at the end of the chapter "Readability"?

1. View your reader as a companionable friend 2. Write like you're actually talking to that friend

(Wikipedia) What is the main point of "Wikipedia is Good for You?!"?

1. Wikipedia is a very useful tool to start the research process 2. By editing and making Wikipedia articles, you are also advancing as a writer as both have very similar parallels 3. It explains the do/don'ts of Wikipedia

(Harris) Which of the four help readers think "with" your topic? Which of the four help readers think "about" your topic?

1. With= Authorizing, Borrowing, and Extending (keywords, concepts, approaches, theories) 2. About= Illustrating (anecdotes, images, scenarios, data)

(Syllabus, Handouts, etc.) What are some tips for writing good marginal comments in a classmates' draft?

1. Write in pencil 2. Use "I" statements 3. Try to explain what it was like to read the idea 4. Offer specific suggestions 5. Look for opportunities to praise as well as critique

(Syllabus, Handouts, etc.) Can you hand in your papers late?

1. Yes if you turn it in the next class period 2. Will lose a full letter grade

(Harris) Why does Harris consider most writing as rewriting?

1. You are drawing from, commenting on, or adding to the work of others 2. All writing connects to other writings

(RLW) How is RLW different from "normal" reading?

1. You are trying to figure out how the author constructed the text rather than just reading for information 2. You are reading so you can figure out how to incorporate it yourself rather than passively absorbing the information 3. You are reading like an architect or a carpenter rather than like a historian

(Syllabus, Handouts, etc.) What happens if you miss a class workshop?

1. You will drop your participation grade by a full letter grade

(Zinsser) Why should you care about the words you choose?

1. You will never make your mark as a writer unless you develop a respect for words and a curiosity about their shades of meaning 2. You need to make sure each sentence sounds nice 3. They are the only tools we have

(TS/IS) Why do they want you to use "I"?

1. can be a starting point to use less "self-indulgent perspectives" 2. using "I" is not an effective way of curbing students' subjectivity 3. 1st person allows the student to take strong positions as well as differentiate their perspective from others

(Syllabus, Handouts, etc.) Where is my office?

1. Battelle 245

(Syllabus, Handouts, etc.) What are the genres of the three major essays we're writing this semester?

1. Feature Essay 2. Literature Review 3. Scholarly Essay

(Reading Games) What is a "roadmap," where does it usually appear, and how can this help you?

1. A roadmap states the structure of the piece 2. It usually appears in the introduction 3. It helps you by figuring out which sections you will need to read and which sections you will not need to read

(MLA and Lunsford) How do you know when to make a quotation a block quote or an in-text quote?

1. If the quote is longer than four TYPED lines

(Harris) What is positive opposition?

1. Positive opposing terms 2. When you mostly agree but there is still tension 3. No need to agree with absolutely everything an author is saying

(Reading Games) What ideas does a conclusion often include?

1. The limitations of the work 2. The unanswered questions 3. The "what's next?"

(Reading Games) What are the four parts of most abstracts?

1. The main problem 2. The approach (how did the author do the work they write about?) 3. The shiny new thing this article does 4. Why people in the field should care

(Library) Where would you look if you were trying to find newspaper articles?

1. Under the Resource Type tab 2. NexiUni

(MLA and Lunsford) How do you format a works cited page in MLA?

Author. Title. Container title, contributor names, version or edition, volume and issue numbers, publisher, date, location.

(Library) What are the advantages and disadvantages of Primo/Searchbox and Google Scholar?

Google Scholar: knows what you're asking for, generates billions of results, relevance determined by how often a site has been clicked, can have racial and gender bias Primo/Searchbox: doesn't always know what your asking for, relevance varies, cant find more options

(Murray) What is the difference between internal and external revision?

Internal Revision: the process from starting the assignment to the completed first draft External Revision: editing, proofreading; writers read as an outsider

(MLA and Lunsford) Source Mapping: If given a citation, you should be able to correctly identify what each element is.

Yes

(TS/IS) What does "enter the conversation" mean?

summarizing what others have said (they say) in order to set up your own argument (i say)