WTI-ICW READ AHEAD

PRINCIPLE PHILOSOPHY UNDER WHICH MAGTF AVIATION OPERATES

centralized command and decentralized control

Maneuver Control Measures (MCM)

directives given graphically or orally by a commander to subordinate commands to assign responsibilities, coordinate fires and maneuvers, and control combat operations. The tactical situation governs their use. 1. Boundaries 2. Phase Lines (PLs) 3. Fire Support Areas (FSAs)

Purpose of MWSS

enable a MAG, composite MAG, or ACE to generate combat sorties for the MAGTF from expeditionary air bases ashore.

Fire Support Control Measures (FSCM)

enhance the expeditious attack of targets and provide safeguards for friendly forces. FSCMs fall into two broad categories: permissive and restrictive.

Permissive FSCM

facilitate the attack of targets without further coordination with establishing commander if certain circumstances are met. Five FSCMs are considered permissive. 1. Free Fire Area (FFA) 2. Fire Support Coordination Line (FSCL) 3. Battlefield Coordination Line (BCL) 4. Kill Box 5. Coordinated Fire Line (CFL)

Air Control Point (ACP)

is defined and used for navigation, command and control, and communication. The point may be terrain associated or an electronic navigational aid. ACP usage examples are: • Where the flight route makes a definite change in direction. • Any point deemed necessary for timing or command and control.

electromagnetic spectrum (EMS)

is the range of all types of EM radiation. Radiation is energy that moves at the speed of light and spreads out as it travels. The types of EM radiation that make up the EMS are radio, microwave, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, and gamma rays.

AIRBORNE COMMUNICATORS

it is their responsibility to interface with the MACCS in various areas to support their mission requirements. The two types of airborne coordinators are: 1. Tactical Air Coordinator (Airborne) (TAC[A]) 2. Strike Coordination and Reconnaissance (SCAR)

Coordinated Fire Line (CFL)

line beyond which conventional, indirect, surface fire support means may fire at any time within the boundaries of the establishing HQ without additional coordination

Boundaries

lines defining surface Area of Operations (AO) between adjacent units and/or formations. They designate the geographical limits of the AO for a unit. Within their boundaries, units may execute fires and maneuver without close coordination with neighboring units unless otherwise restricted.

Air Reference Measures (ARM)

measure used for command and control purposes that defines a point over or through: • Air Control Point (ACP) • Bullseye • Contact Point (CP)

Air Traffic Control Measures (ATCM)

measures established by civil or military air traffic control for the purpose of expeditious and safe movement of aircraft.

Airspace Defense Measures (ADM)

measures planned, coordinated, and employed to facilitate responsibilities for identification, detection, and tracking to engage enemy air and missile threats as directed by the Area Air Defense Commander (AADC). This is not an exhaustive list but the following fall under ADMs: 1. Fighter Engagement Zone (FEZ) 2. Missile Engagement Zone (MEZ) 3. Joint Engagement Zone (JEZ) 4. Base Defense Zone (BDZ)

FARP Objective

minimize response time and decrease turnaround time in support of sustained operations ashore. Minimizing flight time to and from the FARP and reducing the refueling and rearming time within the FARP achieves this objective.

Fire Support Area (FSA)

normally associated with amphibious operations, but can be used whenever it is desirable to have a fire support ship occupy a certain maritime position.

Tactical Air Control Party (TACP)

provide a way for ground commanders to access the MACCS to satisfy their direct air support requirements. The TACP provides the ground commander with aviation advisory personnel and the means to integrate Direct Air Support with supporting arms.

Restrictive FSCMs

provide safeguards to friendly forces. Four FSCMs are considered restrictive. 1. Restrictive Fire Line (RFL) 2. Airspace Coordination Area (ACA) 3. No-Fire Area (NFA) 4. Restrictive Fire Area (RFA)

RadioBn

provide tactical SIGINT, EW, and special intelligence communications support to the MAGTF. Radio Battalion (RadBn) capabilities include:

Marine Wing Communications Squadron (MWCS)

provides expeditionary communications for the ACE of a MAGTF. Although it is not an air C2 agency, the MWCS provides the backbone for all ACE communications. It is responsible for the installation, operation, and maintenance of two distinct communications structures: 1. Providing the ACE commander with the means to direct the efforts of his subordinate commanders 2. Providing connectivity among MACCS agencies

Information Environment (IE)

the aggregate of individuals, organizations, and systems that collect, process, disseminate, or act on information.

Terminal Attack Control (TAC)

the authority to control the maneuver of and grant weapons release clearance to attacking aircraft. Only a certified and qualified Joint Terminal Attack Controller (JTAC) or Forward Air Controller (Airborne) (FAC[A]) is recognized as capable and authorized to perform TAC.

Aviation Ground Support (AGS)

the critical component that gives Marine aviation its expeditionary capability. As Marine aviation's expeditionary mobility enabler, AGS provides forward aviation combat engineering, landing zone construction, and conducts forward arming and refueling point (FARP) operations.

EMISSION CONTROL (EMCON)

the selective and controlled use of EM, acoustic, or other emitters to optimize Command and Control (C2) capabilities while minimizing the vulnerability of friendly receivers to enemy jamming for operations security. EMCON includes: 1. Detection by enemy sensors 2. Mutual interference among friendly systems 3. Inhibitors to executing a military deception plan

Electronic Intelligence (ELINT)

the technical and geolocational intelligence derived from foreign noncommunications EM radiations emanating from other than nuclear detonations or radioactive sources.

Offensive Air Support (OAS)

those air operations conducted against enemy installations, facilities, and personnel to directly assist in the attainment of Marine Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF) objectives through the destruction of enemy resources or by the isolation of the enemy military forces.

DESTRUCTION-IN-DEPTH (AAW)

threat detection and destruction that begins as far from the vital area as possible and continues as long as the threat exists.

Phase Lines (PL)

usually a recognizable terrain feature extending across the zone of action. Units normally report crossing PLs but do not halt unless specifically directed. PLs can be used to: • Identify limits of advance • Monitor rates of movement • Control fires, when dually designated as an FSCM • Define an AO

SEAD

1. Allows friendly aircraft to operate in airspace defended by enemy air defense systems. 2. Creates a sanctuary, and can collect information without prohibitive interference from the enemy 3. Artillery responsibility, may be beyond the range of organic artillery and mortars 4. Aviation Combat Element (ACE) planners must plan for SEAD requirements when indirect fire assets are not available

AIR SUPERIORITY

1. Allows friendly aircraft to operate without prohibitive interference 2. Can be achieved by conducting an aggressive Antiair Warfare (AAW) or offensive counter air operation prior to conducting air reconnaissance or by tasking aircraft to function as fighter escorts during an air reconnaissance operation. 3. Without air superiority, the enemy can interfere with air reconnaissance aircraft and prohibit or disrupt their ability to collect the air reconnaissance information required to support the MAGTF.

ASSAULT SUPPORT ENHANCEMENTS TO MAGTF OPS

1. Assault support provides strength against enemy weaknesses using speed and surprise 2. Operational and tactical mobility logistics support MAGTF

What are the 2 methods of attack for CAS?

1. Bomb on Target (BOT) 2. Bomb on Coordinate (BOC)

3 SUBCATEGORIES OF OAS

1. Deep 2. Close 3. Rear

2 PRIMARY PURPOSES OF AAW

1. Force protection: actions taken to guard friendly forces from attack or disruption by enemy forces. In AAW, It concerns those actions taken to defend the MAGTF against enemy air and missile attacks. 2. Air superiority: the degree of dominance in the air battle of one force over another. It permits the conduct of operations by the former in relation to land, sea, and air forces at a given time and place. It is without prohibitive interference by the opposing force.

PURPOSE OF WTTP

1. Marine Corps Order 3500.109A. The WTTP assigns responsibilities at every level of Marine Aviation from the unit WTI, to the Deputy Commandant for Aviation, to support training that increases the combat readiness of aviation units. 2. The WTTP establishes the mission of MAWTS-1

2 TYPES OF AAW

1. Offensive Counterair (OCA) 2. Defensive Counterair (DCA)

CAPABILITIES OF AIR EW

1. Provide extended EW range over that offered by ground assets. 2. Possess greater mobility and flexibility than ground assets. 3. Support ground units or the MAGTF in general support and in coordination with the Radio Battalion (RadBn).

MAGTF EW Assets

1. Radio Battalion (RadBn) 2. Ground Based EW 3. F-35 4. Intrepid Tiger II (IT-II) V1 and V3

Free Fire Area (FFA)

A specific area into which any weapon system may fire without any additional coordination with the establishing HQ

Electronic Warfare (EW)

Any military action involving the use of electromagnetic (EM) and directed energy to control the EMS or to attack the enemy

NONOPTICAL IMAGERY

Infrared and radar sensors capture nonoptical imagery. Unlike optical sensors, nonoptical sensors function regardless of the presence or absence of visible light and can be used at night as well as during the day. Infrared sensors use thermal differences in objects to capture nonoptical imagery; therefore, they are highly effective at night and in certain types of weather. However, an infrared sensor is limited by battlefield obscurants and cannot image through clouds. Radar uses recorded returns to produce images. Light conditions do not affect radar imagery, and weather conditions have little effect on radar images, making radar a true all-weather sensor.

Sector Air Defense Commander (SADC)

The Sector Air Defense Commander (SADC) when designated by the Area Air and Missile Defense Commander (AADC) is typically co-located with the MAGTF's air and missile defense agency (e.g. TAOC). Reporting responsibility is to the joint force. They will coordinate with the MAGTF and manage available AAW assets IAW their authorities within the assigned sector.

Restricted Operations Zone (ROZ)

airspace reserved for specific activities in which the operation of one or more airspace uses are restricted. ROZs are commonly used for: • Air-to-Air Refueling Area (AAR) • Combat Air Patrol (CAP) • DZs • LZs • Surface-to-Surface Missile Sytem (SSMS) • Unmanned Aircraft Area (UA)

Fire Support Station (FSS)

an exact location at sea from which a fire support ship delivers fires. This designation is used to station ships so they can reach certain targets.

EM INTERFERENCE (EMI)

any EM disturbance that interrupts, obstructs, or otherwise degrades or limits the effective performance of electronics or electrical equipment. It can be induced intentionally, as in some forms of EW, or unintentionally, as a result of spurious emissions and responses to intermodulation products.

The Marine Logistics Group (MLG) / Logistics Combat Element (LCE)

provides Combat Service Support (CSS) to supplement the ACE's organic capabilities. The degree of support provided can encompass the following functional areas: Ground Supply, Maintenance, General Engineering, Health Services, Transportation, Services. Vital non-AGS logistics support activates that the MLG/LCE provide to the ACE include: • helicopter support teams (HST) • air delivery (AD) • arrival/departure airfield control group (A/DACG)

Low Altitude Air Defense (LAAD) BN

provides close in, low altitude, surface-to-air weapons fires, and when task-organized, provide command and control, and forces for ground security in defense of the MAGTF commander's designated vital areas.

COUNTERMEASURE (CM)

the form of military science that, by the employment of devices and/or techniques, has as its objective the impairment of the operational effectiveness of enemy activity. CMs can be active or passive and can be deployed preemptively or reactively.

aviation ground support operations center (AGSOC)

the nucleus for the coordination and execution of AGS activities for the MAG/ACE. From the AGSOC, the MWSS commander commands and controls the MWSS companies and squadron activities in accordance with the priorities established by the supported MAG/ACE commanding officer or site commander.

MARINE AIR TRAFFIC CONTROL COMPANIES (MATCC)

the principal terminal control agency in the MACCS. The MATCC mission is to provide continuous allweather radar, non-radar, tower air traffic control (ATC) services, and airspace management in support of the MAGTF and Joint Force Commander.

ACTIVE AIR AND MISSILE DEFENSE (AMD)

• Active AMD is direct defensive action taken to destroy, nullify, or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air and missile threats against friendly forces and assets • Active measure includes the use of: 1. Aircraft 2. AMD weapons 3. Electromagnetic Warfare (EW) 4. Other available weapons

MATCC with Air Traffic Navigation, Integration, and coordination systems (ATNAVICS) support FOB with requirements

1. 60NM surveillance 2. IFF 3. Comm 4. NAVAIDS 5. Control tower

5 PREREQUISITES FOR AERIAL RECON

1. AIR SUPERIORITY 2. SUPPRESSION OF ENEMY AIR DEFENSE (SEAD) 3. COOPERATIVE WX 4. CAPABLE PLATFORMS AND SENSORS 5. FLEXIBLE CONTROL

4 OPERATIONAL ELEMENTS OF THATER AIR DEFENSE (TAD)

1. Active air and missile defense 2. Passive air and missile defense 3. Attack operations 4. Command, Control, Communications, Computers, and Intelligence (C4I)

In EABO, MWSS Provides:

1. Air Base Commandant Services 2. Engineering Services 3. Motor Transport Services 4. Medical Services 5. Field Messing Services 6. Flight Line Security Services 7. EAF Services 8. EFR Services 9. EOD Services 10. Aircraft and Ground Refueling Services

3 Missions of DAS

1. Air Interdiction (AI) 2. Armed Reconnaissance (AR) 3. Strike Coordination & Reconnaissance (SCAR)

CENTRALIZED COMMAND AND DECENTRALIZED CONTROL (AAW)

1. Centralized command of AAW promotes coordinated operations and economy of force and aids in integrating all AAW assets into a cohesive AAW capability. 2. Decentralized control provides the following: • Allows a shorter decision cycle and enables decision making at the lowest level possible • Minimizes friendly losses • Permits subordinate AAW units to react immediately to an air threat unless overruled by higher authority ACE Commander

Stand Alone

1. Coordinating Altitude (CA) 2. Coordination Level (CL) 3. High-Density Airspace Control Zone (HIDACZ)

GROUND BASED EW

1. Counter-RCIED Electromagenetic Warfare (CREW) Systems 2. PAPERSPOCK 3. RODENT 4. Comunications Emitter Sending and Attack System (CESAS II) 5. Counter Unmanned Aerial System (C-UAS)

PLANNING CONSIDERATIONS FOR EW

1. Countermeasure (CM) 2. EM Interference (EMI) 3. Electronic Intelligence (ELINT) 4. Emission Control (EMCON)

3 PRINCIPLES OF AAW

1. Destruction-in-depth 2. Mutual support 3. Centralized command and decentralized control

IMAGERY AERIAL RECON

1. Detects and pinpoints the location of enemy installations and facilities and concentrations of enemy forces. 2. Supports terrain analysis 3. Imagery records from sensors (ex: camera, radar, and infrared devices and other collateral equipment in/on the aircraft) and other collateral equipment in or on the aircraft 4. Plan and execute MAGTF operations, the Marine Corps relies on a complementary mix of tactical, theater, and strategic air reconnaissance assets to support its imagery collection requirements. A. Optical B. Nonoptical

PRINCIPLE OBJECTIVES OF THE MACCS

1. Enhance unity of effort 2. Integrate elements of the C2 system 3. Disseminate common situational awareness

LIMITATIONS OF AIR EW

1. Limited assets (Nonorganic platforms, specifically designed to perform EW, may need to be requested to support the MAGTF through JTF/ Theater commander.) 2. Time On Station (TOS) considerations 3. Vulnerable to enemy EP actions 4. Vulnerable to enemy EM deception 5. Line-of-Sight (LOS) limitations (although the effective ranges at which ES and EA can be conducted by aircraft are far greater than those of ground EW assets)

LIMITATIONS OF ASSAULT SUPPORT

1. Limited visibility 2. Weather 3. Landing Zone (LZ) identification 4. Reduced radius of action 5. Communications 6. Enemy defenses 7. Required escort support (threat dependant)

DESCRIBE USMC SQUADRONS

1. Marine Aerial Refueler Transport (VMGR) - KC-130 2. Marine Medium Tiltrotor (VMM) squadron - MV-22 3. Marine Heavy Helicopter (HMH) squadron - CH-53E 4. Marine Light/Attack Helicopter (HMLA) squadron - UH-1/AH-1

RESPONSIBILITIES OF WTI WITHIN WTTP

1. Must have a minimum of 18 months time on station remaining upon graduation 2. Incur a 24 month active duty obligation upon graduation 3. Will develop and execute a unit training program in accordance with the WTTP that supports the COs training guidance for individual T&R training and unit operational training 4. Serve as the unit SME for mission planning, briefing/debriefing, threat systems, unit weapons system employment, and integration of the unit's mission in support of MAGTF and Joint tasking 5. Recommend the most qualified personnel for nomination to the WTI course and unit instructor candidates are operationally and administratively prepared prior to requesting MAWTS-1 certification flights 6. Ensure all training conducted under your supervision adheres to established training standards, safety, and ORM procedures.

ASSAULT SUPPORT EMPLOYMENT AT THE TACTICAL LEVEL OF WAR

1. Provide mobility to the MAGTF. 2. Exploit opportunities presented by the enemy or created by friendly forces. 3. Rapidly concentrate combat power at the most advantageous time and place. 4. Help maintain the tempo of operations and the momentum of the attack.

CAPABILITIES OF GROUND EW

1. Support ground units' operations directly. 2. Provide continuous operations 3. Respond to EW requirements of supported ground commander 4. Provide EMS jamming of enemy air and missile defenses and enemy command, control, and communications systems in support of aviation or ground units.

CAPABLE PLATFORMS AND SENSORS

1. Target acquisition has been the most difficult task associated with an air reconnaissance mission 2. To increase the probability of target acquisition, air reconnaissance missions require capable aircraft, sensors, communications, processes, and relationships to tie critical information to the right decision makers across the battlefield while the information is useful and at a pace that sustains trust and supports maneuver warfare

DIRECT AIR SUPPORT CENTER (DASC)

1. The Direct Air Support Center (DASC) is principal MACCS air control agency, responsible for the direction of air operations directly supporting ground and maritime forces. 2. Direct air support is defined as air support flown in direct response to a specific request from the supported unit.

TACTICAL AIR OPERATIONS CENTER (TAOC)

1. The Tactical Air Operations Center (TAOC) is the primary Defensive Counterair (AAW) control agency within the MAGTF. 2. It provides airspace surveillance, conducts positive control, and coordinates actions in support of anti-air warfare operations in support of the Marine Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF) Commander and Joint Force Commander (JFC).

CAPABILITIES OF ASSAULT SUPPORT

1. The principal advantage of assault support is its capability to quickly move MAGTF forces and equipment throughout the battlespace. Other capabilities include: 2. Observation 3. Flexibility

3 CATEGORIES OF AERIAL RECON

1. Visual 2. Imagery 3. Electronic

LIMITATIONS OF GROUND EW

1. Vulnerable to enemy attack 2. Can be masked by terrain 3. Vulnerable to EP actions employed by the enemy 4. Vulnerable to enemy EM deception measures

COOPERATIVE WX

1.Directly affects any air reconnaissance mission 2. Inclement weather causes aircrew and operators to experience prohibitive interference or unacceptable attrition 3. Low ceilings may force air reconnaissance platforms performing visual and imagery reconnaissance to acquire targets "under the weather" and in the Air Defense Artillery (ADA) envelope 4. Inclement weather adversely affects target acquisition and sensor performance

Bomb on Coordinate (BOC)

A BOC attack is used when the JTAC/FAC(A) determines that the desired effects can be created against the target with CAS aircraft employing ordnance on a specified set of coordinates. The aircraft is never required to TALLY/CAPTURED the intended target or CONTACT the mark.

Bomb On Target (BOT)

A BOT requires that the JTAC/FAC(A)'s intended target or mark is TALLY/CONTACT/CAPTURED by the aircrew.

Blue Kill Box (BKB)

A Blue Kill Box (BKB) permits DAS in the kill box without further coordination from the establishing HQ.

Bullseye

A Bullseye is an established ARM from which the position of an object can be referenced by a magnetic bearing and range

Battlefield Coordination Line (BCL)

A Fire Support Coordinating Measure (FSCM) based on Mission, Enemy, Terrain and Weather, Troops and Support available, and Time available (METT-T) that facilitates the expeditious attack of targets with surface indirect fires and Marine Aviation fires between the measure and the Fire Support Coordination Line (FSCL)

Purple Kill Box (PKB)

A Purple Kill Box (PKB) permits DAS in the kill box without further coordination from the establishing HQ while allowing land and maritime component commanders to employ surface-to-surface fires and subsurface-to-surface fires. The end state is maximum use of fires within the kill box to create synergistic effects with maximum potential for engaging targets

Transit Route (TR) (AIRCOR)

A corridor of defined dimensions established in the forward area to minimize the risk to friendly aircraft from friend air defenses or surface forces.

Restrictive Fire Line (RFL)

A line established between converging friendly forces, one or both of which may be moving, that prohibits fires or the effects of fires across the line without coordination with the affected force.

Coordination Level (CL)

A procedural method to separate fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft by determining an altitude below which fixed-wing aircraft normally will not fly.

FLEXIBLE CONTROL

A responsive and flexible Command, Control, and Communications (C3) system is required to ensure that air reconnaissance results are communicated in a timely and effective manner.

Air Corridor (AIRCOR)

A restricted air route of travel specified for use by friendly aircraft and established to prevent friendly aircraft from being fired on by friendly forces. 1. Transit Route (TR) 2. Minimum Risk Route (MMR)

Prohibited Area (PROHIB)

A specified area within the land areas of a state or its internal waters, archipelagic waters, or territorial sea adjacent thereto over which the flight of aircraft is prohibited.

Minimum Risk Route (MRR) (AIRCOR)

A temporary corridor of defined dimensions recommended for use by high-speed, fixed-wing aircraft that presents the minimum known hazards to low-flying aircraft transiting the combat zone. Used during Air Defense operations, primarily when aircraft are NORDO (No radio) for assist in identification procedures.

Kill Box

A three-dimensional area used to facilitate the integration of Joint fires (surface and air)

Airspace Coordination Area (ACA)

A three-dimensional block of airspace in a target area in which friendly aircraft are reasonably safe from friendly surface fires

VISUAL AERIAL RECON

Acquires current information on enemy activities, resources and installations 1. Gives weather and physical characteristics of a given area 2. Flown in response to a specific request, but all aircrews must be aware of the need to report information when assigned other types of missions. 3. Can be used to support offensive fire (artillery or naval surface fire support) 4. Limited human vision, susceptible to enemy cover, concealment, and deception techniques. 5. May supplement operational information concerning friendly forces 6. The limitation of human vision makes the effectiveness of visual reconnaissance susceptible to enemy cover, concealment, and deception techniques

AIR INTERDICTION (AI)

Air operation conducted to destroy, neutralize, or delay the enemy's military potential before it can have an effect against friendly forces. AI occurs at such distance from friendly forces that detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of friendly forces is not required

High Density Airspace Control Zone (HIDACZ)

Airspace designated in an ACP or ACO, in which there is a concentrated employment of numerous and varied weapons and airspace users.

Military Operations Area (MOA)

Airspace designated outside CLSA area to separate or segregate certain nonhazardous military activities from IFR traffic and to identify for VFR traffic where these activities are conducted.

Special Use Airspace (SUA)

Airspace of defined dimensions identified by an area on the surface of the earth, wherein activities must be confined because of their nature, and/or wherein limitations may be imposed upon aircraft operations that are not a part of those activities. Military training operations will typically occur in one of the four special use areas: • Controlled Firing Area (CFA) • Military Operations Area (MOA) • Prohibited Area (PROHIB) • Restricted Area

Controlled Firing Area (CFA)

Airspace wherein activities are conducted under conditions so controlled as to eliminate hazards to nonparticipating aircraft and to ensure the safety of persons and property on the ground

No Fire Area (NFA)

An NFA is an area where no fires or effects of fires are allowed. Two exceptions are when establishing headquarters approves fires temporarily within the NFA on a mission basis, and when the enemy force within the NFA engages a friendly force, the commander may engage the enemy to defend his force.

Coordinating Altitude (CA)

An airspace coordinating measure that uses altitude to separate users as the transition between different airspace coordinating entities.

Restrictive Fire Area (RFA)

An area where specific restrictions are imposed and in which fires, or the effects of fires, that exceed those restrictions will not be delivered without coordination with the establishing HQ

HOW DOES CONTROL OF AIRCRAFT AND MISSILES RELATE TO THE OTHER 5 FUNCTIONS OF MARINE AVIATION?

Control of aircraft and missiles integrates the other five functions of Marine Aviation by providing the means for the MAGTF commander to exercise C2 authority over Marine Aviation assets.

DEFENSIVE COUNTERAIR (DCA)

DCA operations include all defensive measures designed to destroy, nullify, or reduce the effectiveness of attacking enemy aircraft or missiles in the Earth's envelope of atmosphere

ELECTRONIC PROTECTION (EP)

Division of Electronic Warfare (EW) involving passive and active means taken to protect personnel, facilities, and equipment from any effects of friendly or enemy employment of EW that degrade, neutralize, or destroy friendly combat capability

Electronic Attack (EA)

Division of Electronic Warfare (EW) involving the use of electromagnetic (EM), directed energy, or antiradiation weapons to attack personnel, facilities, or equipment with the intent of degrading, neutralizing, or destroying enemy combat capability. EA is considered a form of fires.

Electronic Warfare Support (ES)

Division of Electronic Warfare (EW) involving actions tasked by or under the direct control of an operational commander to search for, intercept, identify, and locate or localize sources of intentional and unintentional radiated electromagnetic (EM) energy for the purposes of immediate threat recognition, targeting, planning, and conduct of future operations

ELECTRONIC AERIAL RECON

Electronic reconnaissance detects, identifies, and evaluates enemy electromagnetic radiation. If the enemy uses electronic means of fire control, navigation, communications, or air surveillance, electronic interception equipment can recover enemy signals and determine: 1. Direction 2. Source 3. Characteristics

Airspace Coordination Measures (ACM)

Employs the efficient use of airspace to accomplish missions while simultaneously providing safeguards for friendly forces 1. Air Corridor (AIRCOR) 2. Restricted Operations Zone (ROZ) 3. Stand Alone

Fire Support Coordination Line (FSCL)

Facilitates the expeditious engagement of targets of opportunity beyond the coordinating measure

Contact Point (CP)

In air operations, the position of which a mission leader makes radio contact with an air control agency is a Contact Point (CP). It can be selected from an existing air control point.

INTREPID TIGER II V1 (AV-6B)

Information Operations broadcast capability - Communications jamming capability - Can be operated by onboard or off-board systems

Strike Coordination and Reconnaissance (SCAR)

Missions that acquire, report, and coordinate the destruction of targets.

ARMED RECON (AR)

Missions that locate and attack targets of opportunity in assigned areas. AR differs from AI because AR target locations are not known or briefed in advance.

MUTUAL SUPPORT (AAW)

Mutual support is the support that units provide each other against an enemy and are based on the following conditions: 1. Tasks assigned to the unit 2. Position of the unit relative to other units and to the enemy 3. Inherent capabilities of the unit

OPTICAL IMAGERY

Optical imagery uses a lens (that is, a still or video camera) to focus light on an image sensor to produce high-resolution still images, and Full Motion Video (FMV) Optical imagery produces images that the analyst can easily interpret. However, optical imagery requires that visible light illuminates the targets and that the view of the target be unobstructed.

MISSION OF MAWTS-1

PROVIDE STANDARDIZED, ADVANCED TACTICAL TRAINING, AND CERTIFICATION OF UNIT INSTRUCTOR QUALIFICATIONS IN ORDER TO SUPPORT MARINE AVIATION TRAINING AND READINESS.

PASSIVE AIR AND MISSILE DEFENSE (AMD)

Passive Air and Missile Defense includes measures, other than active AMD, taken to minimize, mitigate, or recover from the consequences of aircraft and missile attacks. Passive measures include the following: 1. Detection and Warning Systems and Procedures 2. Reducing Effectiveness of Enemy Targeting 3. Reduce Vulnerability 4. Recovery and Reconstitution

F-35 (MAGTF EW ASSEST)

Reactive jamming capability against enemy threat radars

RESPONSIBILITIES OF SQDN/UNIT CO'S WITHIN WTTP

SHALL ENSURE A PROFESSIONALLY MANAGED WTTP IS CONDUCTED THAT SUPPORTS THE UNIT'S MISSION, MISSION ESSENTIAL TASK LIST, AND T&R SYLLABUS. 1. NOMINATE QUALIFIED OFFICER AND ENLISTED PWTI 2. ASSIGN OFFICER AND ENLISTED WTI'S TO EACH UNIT WTI T/O BILLET 3. MAINTAIN SUFFICIENT NUMBERS OF WTI'S TO SUPPORT OPERATIONAL DEPLOYMENT REQUIREMENTS AND ENSURE PROPER TURNOVER AND CONTINUITY IN THESE BILLETS 4. SELECT CANDIDATES FOR UNIT INSTRUCTOR CERTIFICATIONS 5. AUTHORIZE MAWTS-1 OFFICER AIRCREW, WHO ARE CURRENT AND PROFICIENT IN THEIR MODEL AIRCRAFT, TO ACT AS PIC AND MC WHEN REQUESTED FOR INSTRUCTOR CERTIFICATIONS OR UNIT TRAINING SUPPORT.

ELEMENT OF MAGTF SMALL UAS SUPPORTS

SUAS can be effectively employed in support of the Company's Tactical Air Control Party (TACP).

Forward Arming and Refueling Point (FARP)

The FARP mission is to provide fuel and ordnance necessary for a highly mobile and versatile helicopter, tiltrotor, and fixed-wing operations which enables increased sortie generation for the ACE.

MWSS Security

The MWSS is not trained, manned, or equipped to provide security to an entire expeditionary air base or FOB. It's primary force protection mission is security at FARPs and at an expeditionary air base's flight line.

TACTICAL AIR COMMAND CENTER (TACC)

The Marine TACC is the senior MACCS agency. It provides the facilities for the ACE commander and the staff to plan, supervise, coordinate and execute MAGTF air operations.

Marine Wing Support Squadron (MWSS)

The Marine Wing Support Squadron (MWSS) is an O-5 level command within the MAW. The MWSS is structured to accomplish its missions in combat and is capable of task-organizing into detachments to meet specific mission requirements. The MWSS is capable of establishing and supporting one FOB and two FARPs simultaneously. The MWSS is organized into four operational companies, each with a headquarters staff made up of a company commander, executive officer, and senior enlisted advisor.

AIR CONTROL

The authority to direct the physical maneuver of aircraft in flight or to direct an aircraft or surface-to-air weapon unit to engage a specific target

AIR DIRECTION

The authority to regulate the employment of air resources including both aircraft and surface-to-air weapons to maintain a balance between their availability and the priorities assigned for their use

Space

The environment corresponding to the space domain, where electromagnetic radiation, charged particles, and electric and magnetic fields are the dominant physical influences and that encompasses the earth's ionosphere and magnetosphere, interplanetary space, and the solar atmosphere.

OFFENSIVE COUNTERAIR (OCA)

The purpose of OCA is to destroy or neutralize enemy aircraft, missiles, launch platforms, and their supporting structures and systems both before and after launch, and as close to their source as possible.

TAC Type 1 Control

Type 1 control is used when the JTAC/FAC(A) requires control of individual attacks and the situation requires the JTAC/FAC(A) to visually acquire the attacking aircraft and visually acquire the target for each attack.

TAC Type 2 Control

Type 2 control is used when the JTAC/FAC(A) requires control of individual attacks and is unable to visually acquire the attacking aircraft at weapons release or is unable to visually acquire the target.

TAC Type 3 Control

Type 3 control is used when the JTAC/FAC(A) requires the ability to provide clearance for multiple attacks within a single engagement subject to specific attack restrictions.

INTREPID TIGER II V3

UH-1, EXPANDED CAPS

Marine Aviation Logistics Squadron (MALS)

Within the ACE, aviation peculiar logistic requirements are satisfied by the Marine Aviation Logistics Squadron (MALS). This includes aviation supply and maintenance support for aircraft, aviation support equipment, and aviation armament and ordnance equipment.

cyberspace

a man-made global domain within the information environment consisting of: 1. Interdependent networks of information technology infrastructures and resident data 2. Internet 3. Telecommunications Networks 4. Computer Systems 5. Embedded Processors and Controllers

Deep Air Support (DAS)

air action against enemy targets at such a distance from, friendly forces that detailed integration of each mission with fire and movement from friendly forces is not required.

Close Air Support (CAS)

air action by fixed- and rotary-wing aircraft against hostile targets in close proximity to friendly forces and requires detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of those forces.

Base Defense Zone (BDZ)

air defense zone established around an air base. It is limited to the engagement envelope of short-range air defense weapons systems defending that base. Base defense zones procedures must have specific requirements for entry; exit; and identification, friend or foe. BDZs require: • A sensor • Short-ranged air defense system • Controlling agency A BDZ may exist within a MEZ.

Joint Engagement Zone (JEZ)

airspace of defined dimensions within which multiple air defense systems (surface-to-air missiles and aircraft) are simultaneously employed to engage air threats.

Fighter Engagement Zone (FEZ)

airspace of defined dimensions within which the responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with fighter aircraft.

Missile Engagement Zone (MEZ)

airspace of defined dimensions. The responsibility for engagement of air threats normally rests with surface-to-air missile systems. If only one missile system exist, then the term MEZ would then apply. However, if a variety of missiles are available then the following engagements zones may apply: • HIMEZ • LOMEZ • SHORADEZ