WTP Ch 13 Lesson

_____ is the right of every individual against arbitrary action by national or state governments.

Due process of law

The Supreme Court frequently exercises its power of judicial review over Congress, declaring on average about 45 congressional statutes unconstitutional per term.

False

Which of the following statements about federal courts' review of presidential actions is TRUE?

In recent years, the judiciary has, more often than not, upheld assertions of presidential power in areas like foreign policy, war and emergency powers, legislative power, and administrative authority.

How were Senate rules changed to ease the confirmation of judges?

Senate leadership ended the filibuster in 2017 on all judicial nominees, paving the way for presidents to more easily fill federal judicial vacancies.

How is the size of the U.S. Supreme Court determined?

The U.S. Congress sets the number of Supreme Court justices.

If a student wished to bring a lawsuit against a college for denying him admissions based on race, but the student has since been admitted to that same college, then the court may find that the case is moot and dismiss it

True

In deciding whether a regulation adopted by a federal agency is permissible, courts must consider whether the regulation is consistent with Congress's express or implied consent.ss's express or implied consent.

True

While the Supreme Court's shadow docket previously was used sparingly for uncontroversial petitions for certiorari and for emergencies, such as federal death penalty cases, it has been used much for frequently in recent years and for more controversial cases.

True

The _____ is the only federal court established by the Constitution.

U.S. Supreme Court

Which of the following would the Supreme Court likely refuse to hear because of "mootness"?

a case involving a student suing a state-run university for discrimination in the admissions process after the student was first rejected but then later admitted to the university

If a group or class of individuals with common interests files a suit on behalf of everyone who shares the interest, it is called _____.

a class-action suit

If a worker sued his employer when he was injured at work, this would be an example of a(n) _____ case.

civil law

The private meeting where justices discuss a case and eventually reach a decision on the basis of a majority vote is referred to as the _____.

conference

The assignment of the opinion in a Supreme Court case is _____

important because differences in wording and emphasis can have important implications for how the decision is interpreted in future litigation

Though used at times by justices on both sides of the partisan divide, which judicial philosophy refuses to go beyond the clear words of the Constitution in interpreting the document's meaning?

judicial restraint

The Supreme Court explains its decisions in terms of _____.

law and precedent

Civil cases involving the citizens of more than one state and in which more than $75,000 is at stake _____.

may be heard in either the federal or the state courts, usually depending on the preference of the plaintif

In court cases, the _____ is the party that brings charges and the _____ is the party accused of a violation of the law.

plaintiff; defendant

If a defendant is charged with burglary but admits to a lesser charge of trespassing in exchange for the prosecution dismissing the burglary charge and forgoing the criminal trial, it is an example of a(n) _____.

plea bargain

When nominating justices to the Supreme Court, presidents make an effort to _____.

select justices who share their political philosophies