102.12 pH
red litmus paper turns ____ in alkali
blue
what uses color changes to indicate the ph
both indicator liquid and indicator paper
Because this is pure water, the breaking apart of the H2O molecules will always result in a 1:1 ratio of positive _____ ______ and negative _______ ______
H+ ions, OH- ions
what has two oxygen ions and one hydrogen
H20
what tastes sour and reacts strongly with metals
acid
if a substance has more positive hydrogen ions than negative hydroxide, it is
acidic
ph below 7 is considered
acidic (more H+ ions)
Only solutions containing water or solutions that can be dissolved in water can be
acidic or alkalinic
what changes the balance of hydrogen and hydroxide ions in water.
acids and alkalis
what tastes bitter and feels slippery
alkali
if a solution has more negative hydroxide ions it is
alkaline
ph more than 7 is considered
alkaline (more OH-)
describe a glass of pure, distilled water
a small percentage of the water molecules to split apart, resulting in a positive hydrogen ion, H+, and a negative hydroxide ion, OH-.
acid
a substance that increases the concentration of hydrogen ions when placed in water because it donates, or releases, H+ ions.
the ph scale ranges from _____-_____
0-14
the ph scale was invented in ________ by ________ ___________
1909 by soren sorenson
what number is neutral
7
logarithmic scale
This means that each change in value along the scale is a change of 10 times: a pH of 2 is 10 times more acidic than a pH of 3, 100 times more acidic than a pH of 4, and 1,000 times more acidic than a pH of 5. Likewise, a pH of 9 is 10 times more alkaline than a pH of 8, 100 times more alkaline than a pH of 7, and 1,000 times more alkaline than a pH of 6.
in order for a product to have a ph rating it must
contain water or be dissolved in water
alkali
decreases the concentration of hydrogen ions when placed in water because it accepts, or combines with, H+ ions, resulting in fewer "loose" H+ ions and proportionately more OH- (hydroxide) ions.
Strong acids, such as ________________________ and strong alkalis, such as ______, can both burn.
hydrochloric acid, lye
what has one hydrogen
hydrogen (H+)
what has one oxygen and one hydrogen
hydroxide (OH-)
the closer you get to zero, the more or less acidic?
more acidic
the closer you get to 14, the more or less alkalinity
more alkalinity
when a substance has equal positive hydrogen ions and negative hydroxide ions it is
neutral
what paper is a more specialized indicator and can provide a specific pH number.
nitrazine
three main ways to measure ph
pH meter Indicator liquid Indicator paper
what method of measuring ph is the most accurate
ph meter
what is the most common method of identifying the appropriate use of a product for the hair, skin and nails
ph value
blue litmus paper turns _____ in acidic
red
pH balanced
refers to a product with a pH from 4.5 to 5.5 (average pH range of hair, skin and nails).
When using alkaline products, it is important to
restore the ph balance once the service is complete
why is water considered a neutral substance
the positive and negative ions balance each other out
if ph products arent within a certain range..
they can be damaging or even life threatening
what happens when acids and alkalis come together
they neutralize each other
ph starts with..
water
once ionized, is it possible for H+ and OH- ions to come back together to form water molecules?
yes